A randomized controlled trial comparing three supraglottic airway devices used as a conduit to facilitate tracheal intubation with flexible bronchoscopy.

Purpose: Once difficult ventilation and intubation are declared, guidelines suggest the use of a supraglottic airway (SGA) as a rescue device to ventilate and, if oxygenation is restored, subsequently as an intubation conduit. Nevertheless, few trials have formally studied recent SGA devices in patients. Our objective was to compare the efficacy of three second-generation SGA devices as conduits for bronchoscopy-guided endotracheal intubation.

Sex-Related Effects of Adrenergic Drugs on Conditioned Pain Modulation: A Randomized Controlled Cross-Over Double-Blind Trial.

Objective: Endogenous pain inhibition can be investigated using conditioned pain modulation (CPM). CPM efficacy has been reported to be influenced by various factors, such as gender and cardiovascular (autonomic) activity. The aim of this study is to describe the effect of pharmacological manipulations of autonomic activity on CPM efficacy.

Retroclavicular vs Infraclavicular block for brachial plexus anesthesia: a multi-centric randomized trial.

Background: The coracoid approach is a simple method to perform ultrasound-guided brachial plexus regional anesthesia (RA) but its simplicity is counterbalanced by a difficult needle visualization. We hypothesized that the retroclavicular (RCB) approach is not longer to perform when compared to the coracoid (ICB) approach, and improves needle visualization.

Methods: This randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial conducted in two hospitals, included patients undergoing distal upper limb surgery.

Early Evidence of Sepsis-Associated Hyperperfusion-A Study of Cerebral Blood Flow Measured With MRI Arterial Spin Labeling in Critically Ill Septic Patients and Control Subjects.

Objectives: Mechanisms underlying sepsis-associated encephalopathy remain unclear, but reduced cerebral blood flow, alone or in conjunction with altered autoregulation, is reported as a potential contributor. We compared cerebral blood flow of control subjects and vasopressor-dependent septic patients.

Design: Randomized crossover study.

Intracuff 160 mg alkalinized lidocaine reduces cough upon emergence from N2O-free general anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Chemical and mechanical irritation of the tracheal mucosa influences the incidence of cough at emergence from general anesthesia, potentially leading to significant postoperative complications. This study evaluates the benefits of endotracheal tube (ETT) intracuff alkalinized lidocaine during N2O-free general anesthesia by 1) assessing the in vitro effect of alkalinization on lidocaine diffusion kinetics across the cuff's membrane and 2) evaluating, in a randomized controlled clinical trial, the impact of 160 mg of intracuff alkalinized lidocaine on cough upon emergence from anesthesia for surgery lasting > 120 min.

Methods: In the in vitro study, diffusion kinetics of various intracuff alkalinized lidocaine amounts (40, 80, and 160 mg) were compared to their non-alkalinized lidocaine controls.

The Ultrasound-Guided Retroclavicular Block: A Prospective Feasibility Study.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this feasibility study was to determine the success rate (sensory and surgical) of the novel retroclavicular block and to thoroughly describe the technique. In addition, needle tip and shaft visibility, needling time, procedural discomfort, motor block success rate, patient satisfaction at 48-hour follow-up, and complications were also recorded.

Methods: Fifty patients scheduled for distal upper limb surgery received an in-plane, single-shot, ultrasound-guided retroclavicular block with 40 mL of mepivacaine 1.

Relationship between blood- and cerebrospinal fluid-bound neurotransmitter concentrations and conditioned pain modulation in pain-free and chronic pain subjects.

Unlabelled: Descending pain inhibition is an endogenous pain control system thought to depend partially on the activation of bulbospinal monoaminergic pathways. Deficits in descending pain inhibition have been reported in numerous human chronic pain conditions, but there is currently no consensus regarding the neurochemical correlates responsible for this deficit. The aims of this study were to 1) assess the efficacy of descending pain inhibition in pain-free and chronic pain subjects, 2) screen for changes in centrally (ie, cerebrospinal fluid) and peripherally (ie, plasma) acting monoamine concentrations, and 3) explore the relationship between descending pain inhibition and monoamine neurotransmitter concentrations.

The effects of lidocaine spray and intracuff alkalinized lidocaine on the occurrence of cough at extubation: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of lidocaine sprayed onto the larynx and/or injected into the tracheal tube cuff to decrease the incidence of cough at extubation and postoperative sore throat.

Methods: One hundred twenty women scheduled for gynecological surgery < 120 min in duration were enrolled in this randomized double-blind prospective study. Prior to tracheal intubation, 4% lidocaine or 0.

Preoperative pregabalin does not reduce propofol ED(50): a randomized controlled trial.

Background: In many studies, gabapentinoids, such as pregabalin, have been shown to reduce preoperative anxiety. This anxiolysis is often accompanied by sedation, one of the most frequent side effects of pregabalin. We hypothesized that pregabalin taken preoperatively could reduce propofol requirements for induction of general anesthesia.