Publications by authors named "Yanhui Yu"
Article Synopsis
- Kernel dehydration rate (KDR) significantly influences maize harvesting and kernel quality, but its mechanisms are not fully understood.
- Researchers discovered a quantitative trait locus (QTL) called qKDR1, which regulates the expression of a peptide gene, RPG, that produces a micropeptide (microRPG1) impacting KDR through ethylene signaling pathways.
- Knockout experiments showed that loss of microRPG1 leads to quicker KDR, while overexpression or applying the micropeptide slows it down, providing insight for future maize breeding strategies.
Article Synopsis
- Fasciola hepatica, a foodborne parasite, poses health risks to humans and livestock and causes economic losses, particularly in resource-limited areas.
- A new detection method combining recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with CRISPR/Cas12a has been developed, allowing for quick and visually observable results using various techniques, such as fluorescence and lateral flow strips.
- The assay demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity, showing over 98% agreement with established testing methods and proving effective for diagnosing F. hepatica in both sheep and humans, making it suitable for point-of-care applications.
Article Synopsis
- * RuIr alloy catalysts show superior activity and stability compared to single-metal catalysts due to their increased reactive sites and resistance to solubility.
- * The RuIr alloy achieves an overpotential of 75 mV@10 mA cm—comparable to the performance of platinum—and remains stable for 100 hours, offering insights for future catalyst development in seawater electrolysis.
Article Synopsis
- Antibiotic resistance to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is increasing globally, leading to concerns about treatment effectiveness and strategic regional approaches.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on studies published between 2013 and 2023, involving 47,002 H. pylori isolates from 36 countries, to assess current resistance rates to commonly used antibiotics.
- Results indicated that resistance rates varied significantly by antibiotic and age group, showing a general rise in resistance over the past decade, highlighting the need for localized surveillance to inform effective treatment strategies.
Article Synopsis
- Clonorchis sinensis is a food-borne parasite linked to liver diseases, including fibrosis and cholangiocarcinoma, making understanding its impact crucial for developing treatment strategies.
- The study explores how C. sinensis activates PARP-1 signaling to induce a type of cell death called parthanatos, particularly in infected mice and liver cells exposed to its secretory products.
- Results show that inhibiting PARP-1 leads to reduced liver damage and increased survival in infected mice, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target against clonorchiasis.*
Understanding the improvement mechanism of plasma etching treatment on oxygen reduction reaction catalysts.
Exploration (Beijing)
February 2024
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers synthesized a nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube-encased iron nanoparticles (Fe@NCNT) catalyst and applied plasma etching, discovering that nitrogen species from the etching significantly boost activity.
- * The catalyst showed better oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance and stability compared to the standard commercial Pt/C catalyst.
Article Synopsis
- - This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment combining venetoclax with hypomethylating agents (VEN-HMA) versus the HAG regimen in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
- - Of 52 newly diagnosed AML cases studied, the VEN-HMA group achieved a significantly higher complete remission rate (82.7%) compared to the HAG group (21.7%), and also demonstrated better overall survival rates.
- - In patients with relapsed refractory AML, the efficacy of VEN-HMA and HAG treatments was similar, indicating the need for further research with larger sample sizes to fully assess their impacts.
Article Synopsis
- Endoscopic lung volume reduction using endobronchial valves is a promising treatment for patients with advanced COPD and emphysema, but challenges remain with valve placement and quantity.
- This study tested the new PulmValve model PV-13 in six healthy pigs, focusing on valve implantation time and safety through various follow-up examinations.
- Results showed successful deployment and removal of the valves, effective lung volume reduction, and no severe complications, but some minor issues like coughing and granulation tissue were noted, indicating need for further human studies.
Article Synopsis
- * Results indicated that the combination therapy led to higher overall efficacy and a greater number of complete remissions, while both treatments showed similar rates for partial remission.
- * Although the combined therapy showed a higher incidence of adverse reactions, these side effects did not significantly impact patient outcomes compared to azacitidine monotherapy.
Article Synopsis
- Leukaemia stem cells (LSCs) in acute myeloid leukaemia resist chemotherapy and immune responses, creating treatment challenges.* * Inhibiting the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 boosts glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in LSCs, making them more susceptible to chemotherapy and immune detection.* * This increased sensitivity is linked to the upregulation of a metabolic enzyme (PFKP) through a specific cellular pathway, which also helps reduce LSCs' ability to evade the immune system.*
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the role of lncRNA SNHG12 in acute kidney injury (AKI), focusing on its molecular mechanism and interaction with other molecules.
- - Using LPS-induced renal tubular cells, researchers found that SNHG12 expression was high and knocking it down improved cell viability and reduced inflammation and cell death.
- - The study concludes that SNHG12 exacerbates AKI by interacting with miR-1270 and TUBB, promoting harmful processes like inflammation and apoptosis while inhibiting protective autophagy.
Article Synopsis
- * A lack of detailed data on operational and end-use carbon emissions at the city level hampers effective policy development for building energy conservation.
- * This study combines "top-down" and "bottom-up" approaches to analyze operational carbon emissions in 321 Chinese cities from 2015 to 2020, providing valuable data to enhance city-level emissions policies.
Article Synopsis
- A prognostic risk score (RS) model was developed to predict the outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), focusing on the connection to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.
- The study utilized genome expression data and statistical methods like LASSO regression and Cox regression to identify key ER stress-related genes and establish relationships between risk groups and survival rates.
- Results highlighted significant differences in survival between high and low-risk groups, with identified immune cell distributions and relevant signaling pathways, suggesting the RS model's clinical utility in assessing AML prognosis.
Article Synopsis
- * A new detection platform using RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a was developed, offering high sensitivity and specificity, allowing rapid results visible without special equipment within 1 hour.
- * Testing with this platform on human fecal and fish samples showed positive results consistent with nested PCR, highlighting its effectiveness for point-of-care testing in remote or under-resourced areas.
Article Synopsis
- Clonorchis sinensis, a zoonotic parasite, leads to liver fibrosis and cholangiocarcinoma, but the role of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in its infection is not fully understood.
- Research on TLR3-deficient (TLR3-/-) and normal wildtype (WT) mice showed that TLR3 deficiency resulted in worse symptoms, higher parasite burden, and increased liver damage compared to WT mice.
- The use of Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly (I:C)) showed promise in treating C. sinensis infections by improving body weight, reducing liver inflammation and parasite numbers, and lessening liver fibrosis, suggesting TLR3 might help control inflammation
Article Synopsis
- Ferroptosis is a promising alternative strategy to tackle chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but current treatment options are limited.
- Researchers developed a novel nanomedicine called GCFN that responds to glutathione (GSH) and can induce ferroptosis while delivering chemotherapy.
- GCFN not only caused cancer cell death by depleting GSH and targeting enzymes but also improved the efficacy of the drug paclitaxel, reducing side effects on normal cells and extending survival in AML mice.
Article Synopsis
- * Significant regional differences in population, urbanization, economic development, and energy structures lead to varied carbon emissions peaking situations among provinces.
- * The research identifies driving factors like building area per capita and energy consumption efficiency, recommending tailored peak strategies for carbon emissions at national and provincial levels.
Article Synopsis
- CircRNA, specifically circ_0044411, is noted for its significant but unclear involvement in the progression of infantile pneumonia.
- In experiments with MRC-5 cells exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), circ_0044411 was found to enhance cell viability, reduce inflammation, and prevent apoptosis.
- The study suggests that circ_0044411 functions as a sponge for miR-141-3p, which then regulates the expression of CCL16, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target for treating infantile pneumonia.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers created a mouse model to study the role of a receptor called TLR2 in the effects of the parasite, comparing mice with this receptor (wild type) and those without (TLR2-/-), analyzing factors like liver damage and cytokine production.
- * Findings revealed that TLR2 activation worsens biliary fibrosis through specific signaling pathways, but mice lacking TLR2 showed improved health outcomes, suggesting that inhibiting TLR2 might reduce the harmful effects of C. sinensis infection.
Article Synopsis
- - T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) is a severe type of cancer with a poor outlook, and understanding the key markers and treatments for leukaemia stem cells (LSCs) is essential but currently lacking.
- - Researchers discovered that rare PD-1-expressing cells are crucial for the start and relapse of T-ALL, and removing these cells or blocking PD-1 significantly reduces LSCs and slows disease progression.
- - Combining PD-1 blockade with chemotherapy greatly improves survival in mice with T-ALL, indicating that targeting PD-1 could be an effective strategy for treating this aggressive cancer.
Article Synopsis
- Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic parasite that negatively impacts both animal agriculture and human health, highlighting the need for better understanding and treatment strategies.
- The research demonstrates that C. parvum alters autophagy in host cells through specific microRNAs (miR-26a and miR-30a) and signaling pathways (ERK and P38), which is crucial for its survival.
- Experimental results indicate that manipulating these factors can either increase or decrease C. parvum levels in infected cells, suggesting a complex relationship between the parasite and the host's autophagy mechanisms.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers investigated how fatty acid metabolism (FAM) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) affects patient outcomes and the tumor microenvironment (TME).
- They analyzed RNA sequencing data from AML patients and found that increased FAM-related genes in leukemic stem cells correlate with poor prognoses.
- They proposed a prognostic model based on FAM genes and identified the gene PLA2G4A as a target for enhancing immune responses against leukemia cells.
Article Synopsis
- Maize is an important global crop and genetic model, but there's a gap in understanding the genetic variation in its wild relatives.
- This study maps genetic variations across 744 Zea genomes, finding over 70 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms and highlighting adaptations in species like highland teosinte and temperate maize.
- The research identifies key adaptive traits related to flowering time and demonstrates the potential use of these genetic variations for modern breeding by creating mutant alleles from candidate genes.