Improving interfacial thermal transport in silicon-reinforced epoxy resin composites with self-assembled monolayers.

Epoxy resin (EP) based composite materials, due to their advantages such as light weight, ease of processing, and mechanical properties, have been widely applied across thermal packaging field. However, the overall thermal conductivity is constrained by the interfacial thermal resistance between the filler and the substrate. Existing studies suggest that self-assembled monolayers (SAM) can enhance the interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) by forming covalent bonds.

Ultra-Efficient Heat Transport Across a "2.5D" All-Carbon sp/sp Hybrid Interface.

Single- and few-layer graphene-based thermal interface materials (TIMs) with extraordinary high-temperature resistance and ultra-high thermal conductivity are very essential to develop the next-generation integrated circuits. However, the function of the as-prepared graphene-based TIMs would undergo severe degradation when being transferred to chips, as the interface between the TIMs and chips possesses a very small interfacial thermal conductance. Here, a "2.

Advanced Anti-Icing Strategies and Technologies by Macrostructured Photothermal Storage Superhydrophobic Surfaces.

Water is the source of life and civilization, but water icing causes catastrophic damage to human life and diverse industrial processes. Currently, superhydrophobic surfaces (inspired by the lotus effect) aided anti-icing attracts intensive attention due to their energy-free property. Here, recent advances in anti-icing by design and functionalization of superhydrophobic surfaces are reviewed.

scRNA-Seq and Bulk-Seq Analysis Identifies S100A9 Plasma Cells as a Potentially Effective Immunotherapeutic Agent for Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: Immunological regimens are an important area of research for treating multiple myeloma (MM). Plasma cells play a crucial role in immunotherapy.

Patients And Methods: In our study, we used both single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk sequencing techniques to analyze MM patients.

Interfacial ice sprouting during salty water droplet freezing.

Icing of seawater droplets is capable of causing catastrophic damage to vessels, buildings, and human life, yet it also holds great potential for enhancing applications such as droplet-based freeze desalination and anti-icing of sea sprays. While large-scale sea ice growth has been investigated for decades, the icing features of small salty droplets remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that salty droplet icing is governed by salt rejection-accompanied ice crystal growth, resulting in freezing dynamics different from pure water.

Physiological and transcriptomic analysis dissects the molecular mechanism governing meat quality during postmortem aging in Hu sheep ().

Introduction: Hu sheep, known for its high quality and productivity, lack fundamental scientific research in China.

Methods: This study focused on the effects of 24 h postmortem aging on the meat physiological and transcriptomic alteration in Hu sheep.

Results: The results showed that the 24 h aging process exerts a substantial influence on the mutton color, texture, and water content as compared to untreated group.

Comparison and analysis of multiple machine learning models for discriminating benign and malignant testicular lesions based on magnetic resonance imaging radiomics.

Objective: Accurate identification of testicular tumors through better lesion characterization can optimize the radical surgical procedures. Here, we compared the performance of different machine learning approaches for discriminating benign testicular lesions from malignant ones, using a radiomics score derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: One hundred fifteen lesions from 108 patients who underwent MRI between February 2014 and July 2022 were enrolled in this study.

Polyethylene glycol with dual three-dimensional porous carbon nanotube/diamond: a high thermal conductivity of composite PCM.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used as a phase change material (PCM) in thermal energy storage systems due to its high latent heat and chemical stability. However, practical application has been hindered by its low thermal conductivity and leakage issues. Therefore, developing shape-stable high thermal conductivity PCM is of great importance.

Regulated Thermal Boundary Conductance between Copper and Diamond through Nanoscale Interfacial Rough Structures.

Interfacial structure optimization is important to enhance the thermal boundary conductance (TBC) as well as the overall performance of thermal conductive composites. In this work, the effect of interfacial roughness on the TBC between copper and diamond is investigated with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) experiments. It is found from MD simulations that the thermal transport efficiency across a rough interface is higher, and the TBC can be improved 5.

Superhydrophobic Strategy for Nature-Inspired Rotating Microfliers: Enhancing Spreading, Reducing Contact Time, and Weakening Impact Force of Raindrops.

Wind-dispersal of seeds is a remarkable strategy in nature, enlightening the construction of microfliers for environmental monitoring. However, the flight of these microfliers is greatly affected by climatic conditions, especially in rainy days, they suffer serious raindrop impact. Here, a hierarchical superhydrophobic surface is fabricated and a novel strategy is demonstrated that the superhydrophobic coating can enhance spreading while reduce contact time and impact force of raindrops, all of which are beneficial for the rotating microfliers.

Polypyrrole coated carbon nanotube aerogel composite phase change materials with enhanced thermal conductivity, high solar-/electro- thermal energy conversion and storage.

Phase change materials (PCMs) have been widely investigated as promising thermal management materials due to their high thermal storage capacity, satisfactory heat transfer rate and multi-responsive energy conversion and storage characteristics. In this work, a shape-stabilized solar-/electro- responsive thermal energy capture and storage system is proposed involving polypyrrole (PPy)-deposited carbon nanotubes (CNT) heterogeneous porous aerogel as a supporting matrix and the paraffin wax (PW) as a PCM. The composite PCMs obtained via integration of PW into aerogel supports present a relatively high thermal storage density of 160.

Synergistical thermal modulation function of 2D TiC MXene composite nanosheets via interfacial structure modification.

MXene demonstrates high in-plane thermal transport merit as an emerging two-dimensional material, but its out-of-plane thermal transport did not fully explore. Here TiC MXene nanosheets with either GO or CNF fillers were fabricated by using the vacuum-assisted filtration method. It was found that the addition of GO and CNF enlarged the interlayer spacing of the MXene layers, bringing about the opportunity for changeable spatial configuration of fillers and the thermal regulation function.

Bimetallic Multi-Level Layered Co-NiOOH/Ni S @NF Nanosheet for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Medium.

Development of efficient non-noble metal catalysts for water splitting is of great significance but challenging due to the sluggish kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline medium. Herein, a bimetallic multi-level layered catalytic electrode composed of Ni S nanosheets with secondary Co-NiOOH layer of 3D porous and free-standing cathode in alkaline medium is reported. This integrated synergistic catalytic electrode exhibits excellent HER electrocatalytic performance.

Freestanding Flexible Sensor Based on 3 Technique for Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity Measurement of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystal.

A new freestanding sensor-based 3ω technique is presented here, which remarkably expands the application of traditional 3ω technology to anisotropic materials. The freestanding flexible sensor was fabricated using the mature flexible printed circuit production technique, which is non-destructive to the samples and applicable to porous surfaces. The thermal conductivities of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal along the (100), (010) and (001) crystallographic planes were measured based on this new sensor at room temperature.

Large-Scale Dewetting via Surfactant-Laden Droplet Impact.

The dewetting phenomenon of a liquid film in the presence of a surfactant exists in various natural, industrial, and biomedical processes but still remains mysterious in some specific scenarios. Here, we investigate the dewetting behavior of water films initiated by surfactant-laden droplet impact and show that the maximum dewetting diameter can even reach more than 50 times that of the droplet size. We identify the S-type variation of the dewetting area and demonstrate its correlation to the dynamic surface tension reduction.

Development and Validation of a CD8+ T Cell Infiltration-Related Signature for Melanoma Patients.

Aim: Immunotherapy shows efficacy in only a subset of melanoma patients. Here, we intended to construct a risk score model to predict melanoma patients' sensitivity to immunotherapy.

Methods: Integration analyses were performed on melanoma patients from high-dimensional public datasets.

Effect of the loading amount and arrangement of iodine chains on the interfacial thermal transport of carbon nanotubes: a molecular dynamics study.

Due to their excellent electrical and thermal conductivity properties, the nano-scale characteristics of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are expected to be suitable for very large-scale integrated circuits and for next-generation micro interconnected devices. Consequently, CNT-metal composite materials have been widely researched, and have shown excellent performance in terms of thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, thermal expansion, and adaptability to microelectronic devices. However, there are few studies on halogen-CNT composite materials with characteristics similar to CNT-metal composites, including regarding the remarkable electrical compatibility of the halogen and CNT and the large number of low-frequency phonons that are beneficial for thermal transport.

In vivo skin thermophysical property testing technology using flexible thermosensor-based 3.

Thermophysical properties of human skin surface and subsurface can reflect the hydration state of the skin and the blood flow rate in the near surface microvessels, which reveals important physiological information related to dermatology and overall health status of human body. Although a few techniques have been developed to measure these signs, complicated devices are required and the subjects need to be completely fixed during the test period. Here, a flexible thermosensor-based 3 technology was used to monitor thermal conductivity of human skins at different states.

Effect of the rotation errors on the γ pass rate of volume-modulated arc therapy plan in rectal cancer.

Objectives: To study the effect of rotation errors on the γ pass rate of volume-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plan in rectal cancer based on the ArcCheck phantom.

Methods: CT data from 20 rectal cancer patients underwent VMRT were selected randomly for this study. Targeting areas were selected, and clinical radiotherapy and validation plans were formulated.

Thermal conductance bottleneck of a three dimensional graphene-CNT hybrid structure: a molecular dynamics simulation.

Three dimensional (3D) graphene-CNT hybrid structures (GCNTs) are promising materials for applications including capacitors and gas storage and separation devices, however until now their thermal conductance mechanism has scarcely been studied. These hybrid nanomaterials are particularly suitable as next-generation thermal interface materials due to the excellent thermal properties of carbon nanotubes and single atomic layer graphene. In this paper, the out-of-plane thermal conductivities of GCNTs, graphene nanomesh (GNM), and graphene sheets are investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations which apply the Green-Kubo method.

Highly Conducting Polythiophene Thin Films with Less Ordered Microstructure Displaying Excellent Thermoelectric Performance.

Polythiophene (PTh) with highly regular molecular structure is synthesized as nearly amorphous thin films by electrochemical methods in a BFEE/DTBP mixed medium (BFEE = boron fluoride ethyl ether; DTBP = 2,6-di-tert-butypyridine). The doping level and film morphology of PTh are modulated through adjusting the current density applied during the polymerization process. A combined analysis with solid-state NMR, FT-IR, and Raman spectra reveals the molecular structural regularity of the resulted PTh films, which leads to the highest electrical conductivity up to 700 S cm for films obtained under an optimized current density of 1 mA cm .

Thermal properties of lauric acid filled in carbon nanotubes as shape-stabilized phase change materials.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) filled with lauric acid (LA) as a kind of shape-stabilized phase change material were prepared and their structures and phase change properties were characterized. The results showed that the melting point and latent heat of LA confined in carbon nanotubes were lower than those of the bulk material, and both decrease as the diameters of CNTs and the filling ratios of LA decrease. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicated that LA molecules form a liquid layer near pore walls and crystallize at the pore center.

Bio-inspired intelligent evaporation modulation in a thermo-sensitive nanogel colloid solution for self-thermoregulation.

Intelligent evaporation and temperature modulation plays an important role in self-regulation of living organisms and many industrial applications. Here we demonstrate that a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) nanogel colloid solution can spontaneously and intelligently modulate its evaporation rate with temperature variation, which has a larger evaporation rate than distilled water at a temperature higher than its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and a smaller evaporation rate at a temperature lower than its LCST. It performs just like human skin.