Exploring the mechanism of change in exercise behavior during a theory-based exercise intervention among community-dwelling (pre)frail older adults: A stepped wedge cluster randomized trial.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a theory-based exercise intervention on exercise beliefs and behavior, and clarified the underlying mechanism of the exercise intervention among community-dwelling (pre)frail older adults. A 12-week exercise intervention based on the integration of Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior and Health Action Process Approach was implemented to 149 participants. The positive effects were significant on exercise beliefs (β = -1.

Impacts of Depressive Symptoms on the Effectiveness of a Theory-Driven Exercise Intervention Among Community-Dwelling (Pre)frail Older Adults.

Objectives: To investigate whether baseline depressive symptoms impacted the effectiveness of an exercise intervention among (pre)frail older adults.

Methods: This is a subanalysis of a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial implementing an exercise intervention, with an application of the integration of the Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, and Health Action Process Approach, among 149 community-dwelling (pre)frail older adults. The intervention effectiveness was examined by baseline depressive symptoms (depressive symptoms ( = 40) and non-depressive symptoms ( = 109).

Effectiveness of a theory-underpinning exercise intervention among community-dwelling (pre)frail older adults: A stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of a theory-underpinning exercise intervention among Chinese community-dwelling (pre)frail older adults, and the impacts of intervening late as opposed to intervening early.

Methods: This was a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial. Participants were enrolled from six communities in a county of central China from January to November in 2021 (n = 149).

Impacts of subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment on the effectiveness of an exercise intervention among community-dwelling (Pre)frail older adults.

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is prevalent in community-dwelling (pre)frail older adults. This study aimed to investigate whether baseline subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) impacted the effectiveness of an exercise intervention among (pre)frail older adults.

Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial among (pre)frail older adults across six communities.

Development and Validation of Prediction Models for Incident Reversible Cognitive Frailty Based on Social-Ecological Predictors Using Generalized Linear Mixed Model and Machine Learning Algorithms: A Prospective Cohort Study.

This study aimed to develop and validate prediction models for incident reversible cognitive frailty (RCF) based on social-ecological predictors. Older adults aged ≥60 years from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011-2013 survey were included as training set ( = 1230). The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting, support vector machine, random forest, and Binary Mixed Model forest were used to develop prediction models.

Development and validation of a risk scoring tool for predicting incident reversible cognitive frailty among community-dwelling older adults: A prospective cohort study.

Aim: Reversible cognitive frailty (RCF) is an ideal target to prevent asymptomatic cognitive impairment and dependency. This study aimed to develop and validate prediction models for incident RCF.

Methods: A total of 1230 older adults aged ≥60 years from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011-2013 survey were included as the training set.

Effects of (pre)frailty and cognitive reserve on mild cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults.

Objective: We aimed to identify the effect of lifespan cognitive reserve and (pre)frailty on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among older adults.

Materials And Methods: A total of 4420 older adults aged above 60 with intact cognition recruited in 2011/2012 were followed up in 2015 from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The assessment of MCI was based on executive function, episodic memory, and visual-spatial ability.

Joint trajectories of loneliness, social isolation and sarcopenia and associations with adverse outcomes: A prospective cohort study.

This study aimed to examine joint trajectories of loneliness, social isolation and sarcopenia and their associations with adverse outcomes. A total of 4701 participants aged ≥60 years who had a baseline and at least one follow-up assessment of loneliness, social isolation and sarcopenia across 2011, 2013 and 2015 waves in China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Adverse outcomes were obtained in 2018 wave.

Effects of cognitive reserve on cognitive frailty among older adults: A population-based prospective cohort study.

Aim: We investigated the effect of lifespan cognitive reserve and its components on cognitive frailty among older adults.

Methods: A total of 4922 participants aged ≥65 years were recruited in 2008 and were followed up in 2011 from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Cognitive frailty was determined through the simultaneous presence of physical frailty (pre-frailty or frailty) and mild cognitive impairment, excluding concurrent dementia.

Effectiveness of subjective support-focused cognitive behavioral therapy on depressive symptoms among (pre)frail community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Subjective support could ameliorate the adverse effect of (pre)frailty on depressive symptoms. However, there is scarce evidence regarding subjective support-focused intervention in preventing depression among (pre)frail community-dwelling older adults. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of subjective support-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (SS-CBT) in preventing depression among this group of population.

Relationship between intrinsic capacity and health-related quality of life among community-dwelling older adults: the moderating role of social support.

Purpose: To examine how social support might moderate the relationship between intrinsic capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) based on the buffering model of social support.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 1181 Chinese community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 60 years in 2016. Social support was assessed using the Social Support Rating Scale.

Development and validation of a preliminary clinical support system for measuring the probability of incident 2-year (pre)frailty among community-dwelling older adults: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: To develop the wed-based system for predicting risk of (pre)frailty among community-dwelling older adults.

Materials And Methods: (Pre)frailty was determined by physical frailty phenotype scale. A total of 2802 robust older adults aged ≥60 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2013-2015 survey were randomly assigned to derivation or internal validation cohort at a ratio of 8:2.

Clinical practice guidelines for frailty vary in quality but guide primary health care: a systematic review.

Objectives: To appraise the methodological quality, clinical applicability, and reporting quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for frailty in primary care and identify research gaps using evidence mapping.

Study Design And Setting: We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, guideline databases, and frailty or geriatric society websites. Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II, AGREE-Recommendations Excellence, and Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare checklist were used to evaluate overall quality for frailty CPGs as "high", "medium", or "low" quality.

How does social support interact with intrinsic capacity to affect the trajectory of functional ability among older adults? Findings of a population-based longitudinal study.

Background: The ecological model of health and ageing has proposed that functional ability (FA) is determined by the interaction between intrinsic capacity (IC) and environmental characteristics. This study empirically examined how social support, as an important social environmental resource, interacts with IC to affect FA trajectories among older adults.

Methods: This was a prospective three-wave cohort study with a sample of 775 community-dwelling older adults.

Validation and Comparison of Three Short Depression Screening Tools Among Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

The current study validated and compared three short Geriatric Depression Scales (GDS), including the GDS-5, D'Ath GDS-4, and van Marwijk GDS-4, among 917 Chinese community-dwelling older adults. The GDS-5, D'Ath GDS-4, and van Marwijk GDS-4 presented satisfactory accuracy against the GDS-15 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.872 to 0.

A theory-driven exercise intervention among community-dwelling (pre)frail older adults: Protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial.

Aim: This study is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a theory-driven exercise intervention for Chinese community-dwelling (pre)frail older adults, and to clarify the underlying mechanisms of the exercise intervention in this population.

Design: A stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial.

Methods: A stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial will be conducted among (pre)frail older adults at six communities in a county of central China.

Effects of social support on frailty trajectory classes among community-dwelling older adults: The mediating role of depressive symptoms and physical activity.

Objectives: To investigate whether and how social support influenced frailty progression through depressive symptoms and physical activity.

Methods: Of 1235 community-dwelling older adults enrolled at baseline, 778 (63.0%) undergoing at least one yearly follow-up were included in the final analysis.

Association between self-efficacy and self-management behaviours among individuals at high risk for stroke: Social support acting as a mediator.

Aims And Objectives: To explore the association between self-efficacy and self-management by modelling three types of social support as mediators among stroke high-risk populations.

Background: Self-efficacy and social support (i.e.

Expressive suppression and rumination mediate the relationship between frailty and depression among older medical inpatients.

Objective: Frailty is common among older medical inpatients and has been found to be an independent risk factor for depression. However, few studies have explored the underlying mechanisms of the frailty-depression relationship. The present study was aimed to examine emotional regulation strategies as mediators in the frailty-depression relationship based on the process model of emotional regulation.

Effects of reversible cognitive frailty on disability, quality of life, depression, and hospitalization: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Cognitive frailty, a potentially reversible condition describing the concurrence of physical frailty and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), has been recently proposed to incorporate subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a reversible pre-MCI state with more readily available cognitive reserve, as well as pre-physical frailty. Reversible cognitive frailty has been associated with dementia and mortality. We aimed to examine the association of reversible cognitive frailty with other adverse outcomes including disability, poor quality of life (QOL), depression, and hospitalization.

Predictive value of intrinsic capacity on adverse outcomes among community-dwelling older adults.

Objective: To examine the predictive value of intrinsic capacity on one-year incident adverse outcomes among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: A total of 756 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 60 years were followed up after 1 year. Intrinsic capacity was assessed using the revised integrated care for older people screening tool.

Development and validation of an instrument to measure beliefs in physical activity among (pre)frail older adults: An integration of the Health Belief Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Objective: To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of an instrument assessing beliefs in physical activity based on the integration of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) among (pre)frail older adults.

Methods: A literature review and semi-structured interviews were conducted to generate the initial item pool of the instrument. A rural sample of 611 (pre)frail older adults was enrolled to examine the validity and reliability of the instrument.

Meta-analysis of the association between aldose reductase gene (CA)n microsatellite variants and risk of diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most severe microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). The (CA)n microsatellite variation of the aldose reductase (ALR) gene has been indicated to be associated with DR in previous studies; however, the results were inconclusive. To provide a more precise evaluation of the association between the (CA)n variations of ALR and the risk for DR, a meta-analysis was performed in the present study.