The dosage-dependent recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at the promoters of genes related to neurodevelopment and stem cell maintenance is required for transcription by the fine-tuned expression of SET-domain-containing protein 5 (SETD5). Pol II O-GlcNAcylation by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is critical for preinitiation complex formation and transcription cycling. SETD5 dysregulation has been linked to stem cell-like properties in some cancer types; however, the role of SETD5 in cancer cell stemness has not yet been determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis is a complicated process that not only involves tumor cells but also the effects of M2 type tumor-associated macrophages, a key component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), act a crucial role in cancer metastasis. Macelignan, an orally active lignan isolated from Myristica fragrans, possesses various beneficial biological activities, including anti-cancer effects, but its effect on macrophage polarization in the TME remains unknown.
Purpose: To evaluate the inhibitory potency and prospective mechanism of macelignan on M2 polarization of macrophages and CRC metastasis.
M2 type tumor-associated macrophages, an essential component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), have been proved to contribute to tumor metastasis. Dauricine (Dau) has recently received widespread attention due to its multiple targets and low price. However, the effect of Dau on macrophage polarization of TME remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeveral studies have demonstrated that B7-H4 is highly expressed in a variety of cancers and often affects tumor development. However, its role in cancer stemness and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been reported. Here, we investigated the relationship between B7-H4 expression and cancer stemness and EMT by immunohistochemistry in 106 NSCLC tissues obtained from patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Tenascin C is a potential biomarker of cancer-associated fibroblasts and has been significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with prostate cancer. However, the effects of Tenascin C in prostate cancer cell glycolysis largely remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the Tenascin C expression in prostate cancer and its correlation to glycolysis-related protein and gene expression, clinicopathological parameters, and survival of patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough glycolysis plays a pivotal role in breast cancer stem-like cell (BCSC) reprogramming, the molecular mechanisms that couple glycolysis to cancer stem-like cells remain unclear. SETD5 is a previously uncharacterized member of the histone lysine methyltransferase family. The goal of this study was to explore the mechanisms underlying the promotion of stem-like and glycolysis activation traits by SETD5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbnormal metabolism and uncontrolled angiogenesis are two important characteristics of malignant tumors. Although HBXIP is known to be associated with a poor prognosis for bladder cancer (BC), its effects on glycolysis and angiogenesis in BC have not been investigated. BC prognosis and relative gene expression of HBXIP were analyzed using the GEPIA, UALCAN, and STRING databases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFB7-H4 is a unique negative regulator of T cells that is typically significantly overexpressed in various carcinomas and is associated with poor prognosis. However, the effects of B7-H4 expression on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stemness of colorectal cancer (CRC) are not entirely clear. In the present study, we used tissue samples from 98 patients with CRC and CRC cell lines to determine the clinicopathological significance of B7-H4 in CRC and its effects on CRC stemness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeucine zipper-EF-hand-containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that is highly expressed in various cancers. Although LETM1 is known to be associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC), its roles in autophagic cell death in CRC have not been explored. In this study, we examined the mechanisms through which LETM1 mediates autophagy in CRC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSETD8 is a lysine methyltransferase containing an SET domain and has been reported to regulate various biological processes, including carcinogenesis. However, its prognostic value and mechanisms of action in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been extensively studied. Here, we assessed SETD8 expression and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters, cancer stemness proteins, and cell cycle-regulating proteins in NSCLC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeveral studies have confirmed the function of Su(var)3-9, Enhancer of zeste, and Trithorax (SET) domain-containing 5 (SETD5) in post-translational modifications of nonhistone proteins. Mutation of the SETD5 gene has been implicated in the progression of many human cancers, such as breast cancer (BC), but its functional role in BC progression is still unknown. The current article investigates the clinical significance and the functional role of SETD5 in BC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSETD8 is a lysine methyltransferase containing an SET domain, which is involved in the carcinogenesis of many cancer types through monomethylation of the histone H4 lysine 20. However, its prognostic value and underlying mechanisms in gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) have not been extensively studied. Here, we assessed SETD8 expression and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters, cancer stemness-related proteins, cell cycle-related proteins, and PI3K/Akt pathway proteins in GA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer stem cells have been shown to be important in tumorigenesis processes, such as tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence. As such, many three-dimensional models have been developed to establish an microenvironment that cancer stem cells experience under conditions. Cancer stem cells propagating in three-dimensional culture systems show physiologically related signaling pathway profiles, gene expression, cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions, and drug resistance that reflect at least some of the tumor properties seen .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1), affects the progression and the stemness characteristics of malignant carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to identify the relation between Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) and stemness and determine its clinical significance in gastric adenocarcinoma (GA). We investigated Gli1 expression and its correlation with other stemness-associated proteins in 169 GA samples and 5 GA cell lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix protein that is widely expressed in the stromal fibroblasts of various cancers. However, the roles of TNC in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells remain unclear.
Methods: The expression of TNC, cancer stem cell-like (CSC) and cell cycle markers, and Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway genes were assessed in 100 paraffin embedded clinical CRC patient tissues using immunohistochemistry.
Purpose: The leucine zipper-EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) is a mitochondrial protein that has been associated with the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. Previous studies have shown that LETM1 expression is increased in several types of human cancer and is associated with a poor clinical outcome. However, the role of LETM1 in prostate cancer (PCa) has not yet been determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFB7-H4 is a member of B7 family which regulates immune responses by delivering costimulatory signals. However, it negatively regulates T cell-mediated immunity and may play an important role in tumor immune evasion. Although several studies have been reported that expression of B7-H4 is elevated in the several types of human cancer with a poor clinical outcome, its clinical significance in the prostate cancer (PCa) has not been well studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSET domain-containing 5 (SETD5) is an uncharacterized member of the protein lysine methyltransferase family. Although it was reported that SETD5 gene mutations are associated with the several types of human cancer, its functional role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we used tissue samples from 147 patients with ESCC and ESCC cell lines to determine the clinicopathological significance of SETD5 in ESCC and its effects on ESCC stemness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroinflammation is an important pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases, and microglial contributes to chronic inflammation and neuronal loss in progressive neurodegenerative. Therefore, regulating the inflammatory response of microglia could lead to the discovery of promising treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of the nutmeg plant seed extract, macelignan, on the inflammatory response of microglia and neuronal cell survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Mol Pathol
February 2020
Leucine zipper-EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) is closely linked to the occurrence and development of many malignant tumors. Many studies have reported that enhanced expression of LETM1 in several types of human cancers was associated with poor clinical outcomes; however, its clinical significance in gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) has not been elucidated. In this study, we assessed the expression of LETM1 along with the genes related to cancer stemness, cell cycle, and PI3K/Akt signaling in 189 paraffin-embedded GA tissue samples and GA-derived cell lines using immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blotting, and immunofluorescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Although the leucine zipper-EF-hand-containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) is one of the mitochondrial inner membrane proteins that is involved in cancer prognosis in various tumors, LETM1 as a biomarker for prognostic evaluation of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) has not been well studied.
Methods: To address this issue, we used 75 cases NSCLC, 20 cases adjacent normal lung tissues and NSCLC cell lines. We performed immunohistochemistry staining and western blot analysis as well as immunofluorescence imaging.
The leucine zipper-EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) is highly expressed in many human malignancies and is correlated with poor prognosis. However, LETM1 has rarely been explored as a cancer stem-like cell marker for the prognostic evaluation of colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRA). Herein, we assessed the expression of LETM1 and its relationship with cancer stemness genes, cell cycle markers, PI3K/Akt/NFκB signaling pathway genes, and HIF1α in 102 paraffin-embedded CRA tissue samples using immunohistochemistry (IHC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough tenascin-C (TNC), an extracellular matrix protein, has been shown to be widely expressed in stromal fibroblasts in various cancers, the role of its expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells remains unclear. Using immunohistochemistry, we investigated the expression of cancer stem-like cell (CSC) markers, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes, and the Akt/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) signal pathway in ESCC tissue specimens from 154 patients. We further addressed the effects of TNC on the Akt/HIF1α axis and its putative association with cancer stemness in several ESCC cell lines by immunofluorescence imaging and western blot analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of the present study was to identify the relation between Tenascin-C (TNC) and Twist1 and determine their clinical significance in gastric cancer (GC). We analyzed the expression of TNC and Twist1 in 159 GC samples and in 91 non-tumor samples using immunohistochemistry. In this study, TNC expression in stromal fibroblasts of GC was remarkably higher than non-tumor gastric lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Bioactive glass-ceramic (BGC) coatings have been extensively studied and clinically used as bone substitute materials because of their osteogenesis, osteoinduction, and osteoconduction characteristics. Although the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays an important role in skeletal development, the relationship between BGC coatings and the Hh signaling pathway is unknown.
Methods: In this study, a BGC coating is fabricated by furnace sintering, and its surface is investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM).