Mutation of CESA1 phosphorylation site influences pectin synthesis and methylesterification with a role in seed development.

Cell wall biogenesis is required for the production of seeds of higher plants. However, little is known about regulatory mechanisms underlying cell wall biogenesis during seed formation. Here we show a role for the phosphorylation of Arabidopsis cellulose synthase 1 (AtCESA1) in modulating pectin synthesis and methylesterification in seed coat mucilage.

Comparative Analysis of Herbaceous and Woody Cell Wall Digestibility by Pathogenic Fungi.

Fungal pathogens have evolved combinations of plant cell-wall-degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) to deconstruct host plant cell walls (PCWs). An understanding of this process is hoped to create a basis for improving plant biomass conversion efficiency into sustainable biofuels and bioproducts. Here, an approach integrating enzyme activity assay, biomass pretreatment, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and genomic analysis of PCWDEs were applied to examine digestibility or degradability of selected woody and herbaceous biomass by pathogenic fungi.

Wheat AGAMOUS LIKE 6 transcription factors function in stamen development by regulating the expression of .

Previous studies have revealed the functions of rice and maize () genes and , respectively, in floral development; however, the functions of three wheat () genes are still unclear. Here, we report the main functions of wheat homoeologous genes in stamen development. In RNAi plants, stamens showed abnormality in number and morphology, and a tendency to transform into carpels.

Hydrogen sulfide - cysteine cycle system enhances cadmium tolerance through alleviating cadmium-induced oxidative stress and ion toxicity in Arabidopsis roots.

Cadmium (Cd) is a common toxic heavy metal ion. We investigated the roles of hydrogen sulfide (HS) and cysteine (Cys) in plant responses to Cd stress. The expression of HS synthetic genes LCD and DES1 were induced by Cd within 3 h, and endogenous HS was then rapidly released.

[A FOLLOW-UP STUDY ON AUTOLOGOUS BONE MARROW MONONUCLEAR CELLS TRANSPLANTATION FOR CRITICAL LOWER ARTERIOSCLEROSIS OBLITERANS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS].

Objective: To assess the long-term effectiveness and safety of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) transplantation in the treatment of critical diabetic lower arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO).

Methods: Between January 2007 and January 2010, 61 patients with critical diabetic lower ASO were treated with standard medical therapies in 29 cases (control group) or with standard medical therapies and autologous BM-MNC transplantation in 32 cases (treatment group). There was no significant difference in gender, age, disease duration, Fontatine stage, glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (CHOL), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), hemoglobin Alc (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between 2 groups (P > 0.