Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the role of root phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway in the salt tolerance of perennial ryegrass.

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is a widely cultivated forage and turf grass species. Salt stress can severely damage the growth of grass plants. The genome-wide molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance have not been well understood in perennial grass species.

Metformin mitigates osteoarthritis progression by modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and enhancing chondrocyte autophagy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by overall joint tissue damage. Metformin (Met) has been shown to inhibit inflammatory reactions, though its potential protective mechanism on cartilage remains unclear. This study investigated Met's potential to protect cartilage in an OA rat model.

Planting halophytes increases the rhizosphere ecosystem multifunctionality via reducing soil salinity.

Soil salinization poses a significant global challenge, exerting adverse effects on both agriculture and ecosystems. Planting halophytes has the potential ability to improve saline-alkali land and enhance ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF). However, it remains unclear which halophytes are effective in improving saline-alkali land and what impact they have on the rhizosphere microbial communities and EMF.

Role and molecular mechanism of NOD2 in chronic non-communicable diseases.

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2), located in the cell cytoplasm, is a pattern recognition receptor belonging to the innate immune receptor family. It mediates the innate immune response by identifying conserved sequences in bacterial peptide glycans and plays an essential role in maintaining immune system homeostasis. Gene mutations of NOD2 lead to the development of autoimmune diseases such as Crohn's disease and Blau syndrome.

The salt-tolerance of perennial ryegrass is linked with root exudate profiles and microflora recruitment.

Salinity poses a significant threat to plant growth and development. The root microbiota plays a key role in plant adaptation to saline environments. Nevertheless, it remains poorly understood whether and how perennial grass plants accumulate specific root-derived bacteria when exposed to salinity.

Ligustrazine Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Ligustrazine is a Chinese herb ( approved for use as a medical drug in China. Recent evidence suggests that ligustrazine has promising antitumor properties. Our preliminary results showed that ligustrazine could inhibit the growth of human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines.

Crosstalk between YY1 and lncRNAs in cancer: A review.

Transcription factor YY1 is an important regulator of many pathways in tumor cell growth, prognosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and resistance to chemotherapy. These effects lead to upregulation of YY1 associated with poor outcomes in many tumors. Growing research evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulatory network of YY1.

HaASR2 from Haloxylon ammodendron confers drought and salt tolerance in plants.

Abscisic acid (ABA), stress, and ripening-induced proteins (ASR), which belong to the ABA/WDS domain superfamily, are involved in the plant response to abiotic stresses. Haloxylon ammodendron is a succulent xerohalophyte species that exhibits strong resistance to abiotic stress. In this study, we isolated HaASR2 from H.

Phelliribsin B: A New Styrylpyrone Derivative from the Medicinal Fungus Phellinus ribis.

A novel styrylpyrone derivative, named phelliribsin B (1), as well as four biogenetically related known compounds, phellifuropyranone A (2), inoscavin C (3), inoscavin A (4), and inoscavin D (5) were separated and purified from the medicinal fungus Phellinus ribis. The structure of phelliribsin B was determined by spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configuration was assigned by experimental and calculated ECD data. Additionally, the plausible biosynthetic pathway of 1 was also proposed.

Effect and Mechanism of PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitochondrial Autophagy in Rat Lung Injury Induced by Nano Lanthanum Oxide.

Nano lanthanum oxide particles (La2O3 NPs) are important nanoparticle materials which are widely used in photoelectric production, but their potential health hazards to the respiratory system are not clear. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible mechanism of lung injury induced by La2O3 NPs. In this study, 40 SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into low-, medium-, and high-dose groups and control groups, with 10 animals in each group.

A novel oxoisoaporphine-type alkaloid from the rhizome of .

A phytochemical investigation of led to the isolation of five oxoisoaporphine-type alkaloids () and five aporphine-type alkaloids (), including a novel oxoisoaporphine-type alkaloid: menispeimin A (). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic studies including MS, 1 D and 2 D NMR, and confirmed by comparing with literature data. Among them, alkaloids were obtained for the first time from genus.

The Co-occurrence of NDM-5, MCR-1, and FosA3-Encoding Plasmids Contributed to the Generation of Extensively Drug-Resistant .

The rise and global dissemination of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria are often related to plasmid-borne mobile antimicrobial resistance genes. Notably, isolates having multiple plasmids are often highly resistant to almost all the antibiotics available. In this study, we characterized an extensively drug-resistant 1678, which exhibited high-level resistance to almost all the available antibiotics.

Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Mycobacterium kansasii Pulmonary Infections in China.

Mycobacterium kansasii, an important opportunistic pathogen of humans, causes serious pulmonary disease. Sixty M. kansasii isolates were collected for investigating the clinical characteristics of patients with M.

Metabonomics analysis of semen euphorbiae and semen Euphorbiae Pulveratum using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS.

Semen Euphorbiae (SE), the dry and mature seed of Euphorbia lathyris L., a common traditional Chinese medicine, has significant pharmacological activity. However, its toxicity limits its clinical application, and less toxic Semen Euphorbiae Pulveratum (SEP) is often used clinically.

[Analysis of deafness gene variant screening of 7875 neonatal cases in Dongying area of Shandong].

Objective: To determine the types and frequency of deafness-related variants among 7875 newborns from Dongying area of Shandong Province.

Methods: One hundred loci of 18 common deafness genes were subjected to semiconductor sequencing. Variant site, frequency and distribution of the variants were analyzed.

Activation of Nrf2 by lead sulfide nanoparticles induces impairment of learning and memory.

Lead sulfide nanoparticles (PbS NPs) are semiconductor materials that have been widely applied to light-emitting diodes (LEDs), biological fluorescent probes, infrared detection, solar receivers, ion-selective electrodes, and ion-sensitive materials. However, the effects of PbS NPs on the central nervous system are still unclear. Thus, this study aimed to determine, using rats, the mechanism of action of PbS NPs, exposure to which results in persistent alterations in nervous system function.

Genome-wide identification of and association of natural variation in and with leaf cadmium accumulation in maize.

P-type ATPases, known as heavy metal ATPases (HMAs), play an important role in the control of cadmium (Cd) accumulation in plants. In this study, a total of 12 genes were identified in the maize genome and particularly classified into six clusters based on their phylogenetic relationship and motif compositions. Furthermore, the expression patterns of different genes varied with developmental stages, and were tissue specific under normal conditions.

Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Assessment of Ensifer adhaerens YX1, a Vitamin B -Producing Strain Used as a Food and Feed Additive.

This study provides phenotypic and molecular analyses of the antibiotic resistance of Ensifer adhaerens strain YX1 (CICC 11008s), a strain that was identified using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. The antibiotic resistance profile of E. adhaerens YX1 was assessed using the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Inst.

Diagnosing and tracing the pathogens of infantile infectious diarrhea by amplicon sequencing.

Background: Metagenomic methods have been widely applied to study the relationship between gut microbiota and human health. To test whether metagenomic amplicon sequencing could be an effective method to diagnose and trace the pathogens of infantile infectious diarrhea, the fecal samples of 20 diarrheic and 13 healthy infants were collected. After 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing, diversity analyses were carried out.

The neurotoxicity induced by PM might be strongly related to changes of the hippocampal tissue structure and neurotransmitter levels.

: The complex components of PM including metal elements transported through the blood brain barrier could induce nervous system damage. This study discusses the relationship between rats' learning and memory and changes in the hippocampal neuron histomorphology and neurotransmitter levels induced by PM exposure. : Male rats were treated with different concentrations of PM by tracheal perfusion once per week for up to 12 weeks.

Genome-wide association analysis and QTL mapping reveal the genetic control of cadmium accumulation in maize leaf.

Background: Accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in maize (Zea mays L.) poses a significant risk to human health as it is ingested via the food chain. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted in a population of 269 maize accessions with 43,737 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to identify candidate genes and favorable alleles for controlling Cd accumulation in maize.

Genome-wide association analysis of lead accumulation in maize.

Large phenotypic variations in the lead (Pb) concentration were observed in grains and leaves of maize plants. A further understanding of inheritance of Pb accumulation may facilitate improvement of low-Pb-accumulating cultivars in maize. A genome-wide association study was conducted in a population of 269 maize accessions with 43,737 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).