Cholesterol-modified sphingomyelin chimeric lipid bilayer for improved therapeutic delivery.

Cholesterol (Chol) fortifies packing and reduces fluidity and permeability of the lipid bilayer in vesicles (liposomes)-mediated drug delivery. However, under the physiological environment, Chol is rapidly extracted from the lipid bilayer by biomembranes, which jeopardizes membrane stability and results in premature leakage for delivered payloads, yielding suboptimal clinic efficacy. Herein, we report a Chol-modified sphingomyelin (SM) lipid bilayer via covalently conjugating Chol to SM (SM-Chol), which retains membrane condensing ability of Chol.

Lipid-Based Nanotechnology: Liposome.

Over the past several decades, liposomes have been extensively developed and used for various clinical applications such as in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and dietetic fields, due to its versatility, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, as well as the ability to enhance the therapeutic index of free drugs. However, some challenges remain unsolved, including liposome premature leakage, manufacturing irreproducibility, and limited translation success. This article reviews various aspects of liposomes, including its advantages, major compositions, and common preparation techniques, and discusses present U.

Sphingomyelin-derived nanovesicles for the delivery of the IDO1 inhibitor epacadostat enhance metastatic and post-surgical melanoma immunotherapy.

Epacadostat (EPA), the most advanced IDO1 inhibitor, in combination with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor, has failed in a recent Phase III clinical trial for treating metastatic melanoma. Here we report an EPA nanovesicle therapeutic platform (Epacasome) based on chemically attaching EPA to sphingomyelin via an oxime-ester bond highly responsive to hydrolase cleavage. Via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, Epacasome displays higher cellular uptake and enhances IDO1 inhibition and T cell proliferation compared to free EPA.

Chromatographic separation performance of silica microspheres surface-modified with triazine-containing imine-linked covalent organic frameworks.

In this work, 2,4,6-tris(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TAPT) and 1,3,5-tris(4-formylphenyl)benzene (TFPB) were used as monomers to construct a triazine-containing imine-linked covalent organic framework (COF), which was then bonded onto the surface of aldehydized silica (SiO-CHO), and finally a COF@silica composite material (TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO) was successfully prepared. The chromatographic separation performance of SiO-CHO, TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO and TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO/SiO-CHO (80/20, mass ratio) was evaluated and compared. It was found that separation efficiency was obviously enhanced by adding an appropriate amount of SiO-CHO into TAPT-TFPB COF@SiO.

Nanotechnology-enabled immunogenic cell death for improved cancer immunotherapy.

Tumor immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of oncology treatments in recent years. As one of the promising strategies of cancer immunotherapy, tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD) has shown significant potential for tumor therapy. Nanoparticles are widely used for drug delivery due to their versatile characteristics, such as stability, slow blood elimination, and tumor-targeting ability.