Coexistence of and increases biofilm virulence and periapical lesions in rats.

The present study utilized an dual-species biofilm model and an rat post-treatment endodontic disease (PTED) model to investigate whether co-infection of and would aggravate periapical lesions. The results showed that co-culturing yielded a thicker and denser biofilm more tolerant to detrimental stresses compared with the mono-species biofilm, such as a starvation-alkalinity environment, mechanical shear force and bactericidal chemicals. Consistently, co-inoculation of and significantly increased the extent of periapical lesions compared with mono-species infection.

Broken Instrument Removal from Mandibular First Molar with Conebeam Computed Tomography based Pre-operative Computer-assisted Simulation: A Case Report.

Intracanal separation of nickel titanium files hinders complete shaping, cleaning, and filling of the root canal system and ultimately influences the endodontic treatment outcome. In this case report, we presented a successful broken instrument retrieval from the middle third of the mesiobuccal root canal of tooth #30 with the assistance of cone-beam computed tomograpgy based preoperative computer-assisted simulation, micro-trepan bur and micro-tube from Micro-Retrieve & Repair system and dental operative microscope. The involved tooth was then successfully cleaned, shaped and obturated followed by coronal restoration.

Mechano-chemical coupling of irrigation enhances endodontic biofilm debridement.

The complexity of the root canal system results in areas where mechanical instrumentation is impossible during endodontic treatment. To disinfect these areas, the effect of irrigation on biofilm debridement is of great significance but has not yet been well explored. Using an biofilm model and a biofilm reactor, the present study provides a better understanding of the relative contributions of mechanical and chemical effects of irrigation on biofilm removal, as well as the factors influencing their coupling efficiency.

Dentists Are at a Higher Risk for Oral Infection.

Oral cavity has been taken as one of the major reservoirs for , the bacteria responsible for gastric infection and cancers. Dentists are frequently exposed to saliva; thus, theoretically, they are at a higher risk for oral infection. In the present study, to test this hypothesis and to find out the potential factors associated with the increased risk, a cross-sectional study was carried out on a large scale of dentists ( = 90) and nondentist controls ( = 110).

Sucrose promotes caries progression by disrupting the microecological balance in oral biofilms: an in vitro study.

Sucrose has long been regarded as the most cariogenic carbohydrate. However, why sucrose causes severer dental caries than other sugars is largely unknown. Considering that caries is a polymicrobial infection resulting from dysbiosis of oral biofilms, we hypothesized that sucrose can introduce a microbiota imbalance favoring caries to a greater degree than other sugars.

Revascularization-associated Intracanal Calcification: Assessment of Prevalence and Contributing Factors.

Introduction: Intracanal calcifications have been reported in endodontic cases after revascularization. The purpose of the current study was to determine the incidence of intracanal calcification and potential contributing factors in retrospective revascularization cases.

Methods: Among 37 patients who had undergone revascularization between 2010 and 2014, 29 cases were assessed with average follow-up period of 24.

Bioceramic Materials and the Changing Concepts in Vital Pulp Therapy.

Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is devised to preserve and maintain vitality of pulpally involved teeth challenged by a variety of intraoral conditions. Notable progress has been made in this field due to a better understanding of pulp physiology, improved clinical protocols and advanced bioceramic materials paired with adhesive technology. With focused case selection, conservative VPT can provide reliable treatment options for permanent teeth diagnosed with normal pulps or reversible pulpitis.

The oral microbiome diversity and its relation to human diseases.

As one of the most clinically relevant human habitats, the human mouth is colonized by a set of microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses. Increasing evidence has supported that these microbiota contribute to the two commonest oral diseases of man (dental caries and periodontal diseases), presenting significant risk factors to human health conditions, such as tumor, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, bacteremia, preterm birth, and low birth weight in infants. It is widely accepted that oral microorganisms cause diseases mainly by a synergistic or cooperative way, and the interspecies interactions within the oral community play a crucial role in determining whether oral microbiota elicit diseases or not.

[Human buccal mucosa microbiota succession across age].

Objective: This investigation aimed to examine how buccal mucosa microbiome succeeds in a healthy population with different ages and dentition stages.

Methods: Twenty-five subjects were recruited and subdivided into five groups: primary dentition group, mixed dentition group, adolescent group, adult group, and elderly group. Individual mucosal microbiota was obtained by gently scraping both sides of the buccal mucosa with a cotton swab.

[New progress in research of Granulicatella species].

Granulicatella species are facultative anaerobic, catalase-negative Gram-positive cocci, oral microbiome researches find out Granulicatella species are dominant bacteria in oral cavity which may cause opportunistic infection like periodontal disease, endodontic infection. This review summarized research progress of Granulicatella species.