Differential effects of enzymatically modified Ougan (Citrus Suavissima Hort. ex Tanaka) peel pectins extracted with different methods on inhibiting the proliferation of Hela cells.

Previous studies have shown that modified citrus pectin (MCP) is an anti-tumor material of food grade. In this study, two enzymatically modified Ougan (Citrus Suavissima Hort. ex Tanaka) peel pectins (EMP1 and EMP2, the ones extracted by alkali and enzymatic methods) were used to investigate their differential effects on viability and physiology of Hela cells.

A novel anthocyanin indicator film with rosmarinic acid copigmentation having enhanced stability and pH indicator ability for monitoring pork freshness.

Background: Anthocyanin-based pH-sensing films have been widely fabricated for potential application in monitoring food freshness. However, the color fading of anthocyanins limits their application for the food industry due to their low stability. In addition, the color sensitivity and pH indicator ability of anthocyanin-based films currently available are not satisfied and need to be improved.

Microencapsulation with Different Starch-Based Polymers for Improving Oxidative Stability of Cold-Pressed Hickory ( Sarg.) Oil.

Hickory ( Sarg.) oil is a nutrient-dense edible woody oil, with its unsaturated fatty acids accounting for more than 90% of total ones, and liable to oxidation spoilage. To efficiently improve its stability and expand its application fields, the microencapsulation of cold-pressed hickory oil (CHO) by the molecular embedding method and freeze-drying technique was performed using malt dextrin (MD), hydroxylpropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), or porous starch (PS) as a wall material.

Protective effect of amino acids on the stability of bayberry anthocyanins and the interaction mechanism between l-methionine and cyanidin-3-O-glycoside.

The protective effects of three amino acids (l-phenylalanine, l-tryptophan and l-methionine) on the stability of bayberry anthocyanins were investigated. The anthocyanin stability under constant illumination (5000 Lux, 50 Hz) or in the presence of ascorbic acid were evaluated by degradation kinetic parameters, and the interaction between l-methionine and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) in a model beverage system was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. Results indicated that the three amino acids significantly reduced the degradation rate of bayberry anthocyanins (p < 0.

Delivery of curcumin using a zein-xanthan gum nanocomplex: Fabrication, characterization, and in vitro release properties.

This study aimed to use xanthan gum as a stabilizer to improve the stability of zein nanoparticles. Zein-xanthan gum composite nanoparticles were prepared via anti-solvent precipitation at pH 4.0.

Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution by Mussel Shell-Based Adsorbent: Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorption Performance.

As a natural biological adsorbent, shell powder is inexpensive, highly efficient, and does not leave any chemical residue; thus, it can be used to remove contaminants from water. In this study, we used mussel shells as a raw material to prepare an adsorbent. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the surface morphology of the mussel shell powder before and after calcination, and X-ray diffraction measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements were performed to analyze the structure and composition of calcined mussel shell powder.

Fabrication of Composite Beads Based on Calcium Alginate and Tetraethylenepentamine-Functionalized MIL-101 for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions.

In this work, a tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA)-grafted metal-organic framework material (MIL-101) was synthesized. The introduction of TEPA increased the abundance of functional groups on the MIL-101. As a powdery adsorbent, MIL-101-TEPA can be difficult to separate.

Facile fabrication of core-shell/bead-like ethylenediamine-functionalized Al-pillared montmorillonite/calcium alginate for As(V) ion adsorption.

In this study, a MT(Al)/calcium alginate [MT(Al)@CA] microsphere structure was prepared using sodium alginate (SA) and MT(Al). In order to achieve [MT(Al)@CA] microspheres with a high stability and chemical resistance, glutaraldehyde was used as the crosslinking agent to graft the microspheres and ethylenediamine (ED) into a new type of ED-functionalized MT(Al)@CA microsphere structure similar to a core-shell-type structure [MT(Al)@CA-ED]. This core-shell/bead-like structure was characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Fabrication of Carboxymethylcellulose/Metal-Organic Framework Beads for Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution.

The ability to remove toxic heavy metals, such as Pb(II), from the environment is an important objective from both human-health and ecological perspectives. Herein, we describe the fabrication of a novel carboxymethylcellulose-coated metal organic material (MOF-5⁻CMC) adsorbent that removed lead ions from aqueous solutions. The adsorption material was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Adsorption of diclofenac sodium on bilayer amino-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals/chitosan composite.

Residual diclofenac sodium (DS) in the environment is harmful to human health. A promising method for DS removal is the use of adsorbents functionalized with amino groups that can form an ionic bond with the carboxyl group of DS at a suitable pH. In this work, a novel composite adsorbent composed of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and chitosan (CS) has been synthesized and functionalized by ethylenediamine (ED) in both layers.

Highly efficient adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution using amino-functionalized SBA-15/calcium alginate microspheres as adsorbent.

In this work, amino-functionalized Santa Barbara Amorphous-15/calcium alginate (ASBA-15@CA) microspheres were fabricated and characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, TGA, and XPS analyses. The Pb(II) adsorption properties of the ASBA-15@CA microspheres were studied in terms of the effects of the adsorption time, adsorbent dose, solution pH, temperature, and initial concentration of Pb(II) on the adsorption capacity. At pH 6 and 298 K, the adsorption reached equilibrium after 100 min and the sample exhibited a good adsorption effect, affording a maximum adsorption capacity of 1029.

Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions using magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan.

In this study, we prepared a magnetic composite based on amine-functionalized chitosan (aminochitosan; AmCS) and FeO to remove diclofenac sodium (DS) from water. The fabricated AmCS@FeO composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS.

Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions.

In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. The MIL-125-CS beads were prepared by combining the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF and chitosan using a template-free solvothermal approach under ambient conditions. The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis.

Enantioseparation and enantioselective behavior of trichlorfon enantiomers in sediments.

Trichlorfon (TF), an organophosphorus insecticide, has been widely used in seawater aquaculture; it is easily degraded to the highly toxic insecticide, dichlorvos (DDVP). In this study, the enantioseparation of TF enantiomers, as well as their degradation behavior and product (DDVP) formation in mariculture pond sediments, was investigated. The results show that both TF enantiomers degrade into DDVP, which is the main degradation product.

Surface-Imprinted Magnetic Carboxylated Cellulose Nanocrystals for the Highly Selective Extraction of Six Fluoroquinolones from Egg Samples.

We herein describe a novel adsorbent based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) on the surface of magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (FeO@CCNs@MIPs) for the separation and purification of six fluoroquinolones (FQs) from egg samples. The obtained FeO@CCNs@MIPs not only exhibited a large surface area and specific recognition toward FQs, but also were easily gathered and separated from the egg samples using an external magnetic field. The morphologies and surface groups of the FeO@CCNs@MIPs were assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis.

Analysis of flumequine enantiomers in rat plasma by UFLC-ESI-MS/MS.

In this study the analysis and confirmation of flumequine enantiomers in rat plasma by ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (using propranolol as an internal standard [IS]) was developed and validated. Plasma samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction using methyl tert-butyl ether as the extraction solvent. Direct resolution of the R- and S-isomers was performed on a CHIRALCEL OJ-RH column (4.

Validation of a Chiral Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Degradation Behavior of Flumequine Enantiomers in Mariculture Pond Water.

In this work, flumequine (FLU) enantiomers were separated using a Chiralpak OD-H column, with n-hexane-ethanol (20:80, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Solid phase extraction (SPE) was used for cleanup and enrichment.

Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Enrichment of Ofloxacin Enantiomers in Fish Samples.

A new method for the isolation and enrichment of ofloxacin enantiomers from fish samples was developed using magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs). These polymers can be easily collected and rapidly separated using an external magnetic field, and also exhibit a high specific recognition for ofloxacin enantiomers. The preparation of amino-functionalized MMIPs was carried out via suspension polymerization and a ring-opening reaction using rac-ofloxacin as a template, ethylenediamine as an active group, glycidyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate as functional monomers, divinylbenzene as a cross-linker, and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as magnetic cores.

Pharmacokinetic study of ofloxacin enantiomers in Pagrosomus major by chiral HPLC.

(S)-(-)-Ofloxacin and (R)-(+)-ofloxacin concentrations in the plasma of Pagrosomus major after drug treatment were detected by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography, and various pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from these data. The elimination half-life of (S)-(-)-ofloxacin was significantly shorter than that of the (R)-(+) enantiomer. (S)-(-)-Ofloxacin also had a significantly lower maximum plasma concentration, area under the concentration-time curve from zero to infinity, and mean residence time than (R)-(+)-ofloxacin.

Validation a solid-phase extraction-HPLC method for determining the migration behaviour of five aromatic amines from packaging bags into seafood simulants.

The simultaneous determination of five aromatic amines and their potential migration from packaging bags into seafood simulants were investigated. A validated HPLC method was developed for the separation and qualification of five aromatic amines in seafood simulants. By combining solid-phase extraction (SPE), these amines were efficiently separated on a Halo C18 column (150 × 4.

Partially hydrolyzed bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) as a porous Bioadsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous mixtures.

A novel porous succinylated bioadsorbent was prepared by the partial enzymatic hydrolysis of bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) and its subsequent modification with succinic anhydride. Pb(II) removal from solutions that also contained sodium chloride and an amino acid was investigated using the bioadsorbent. Enzymatic hydrolysis increased the number of accessible hydroxyl groups and surface area of the raw bamboo, and created many pores within the material.

Oxalate-degrading capacities of lactic acid bacteria in canine feces.

In this study, lactic acid bacteria in canine feces were isolated and identified, and their oxalate-degrading capacities were evaluated. The oxalate-degrading capacities were determined for 24 of 47 (51.06%) lactic acid bacteria isolates.

Biotransformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) with Penicillium griseopurpureum Smith and Penicillium glabrum (Wehmer) Westling.

Microbial transformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 1) using Penicillium griseopurpureum Smith and Penicillium glabrum (Wehmer) Westling has been investigated. Neither fungi had been examined previously for steroid biotransformation. One novel metabolic product of DHEA (1) transformed with P.

Preparation of selenium/zinc-enriched probiotics and their effect on blood selenium and zinc concentrations, antioxidant capacities, and intestinal microflora in canine.

The aim of this study was to prepare Se/Zn-enriched probiotics and investigate their effect on blood Se and Zn concentrations, blood antioxidant capacities, and intestinal microflora in canine. The preparation was performed in a single-factor experiment. The optimal culture conditions were as follows: the initial concentrations of Se(4+) and Zn(2+) were 5 and 150 µg/ml, respectively; the inoculation volume was 5%; and the liquid volume of the medium was 50 ml in a 250-ml flask.

Syntheses and crystal structures of fused thiophenes: [7]helicene and double helicene, a D2-symmetric dimer of 3,3'-bis(dithieno[2,3-b:3',2'-d]thiophene).

The efficient synthesis of (TMS)(2)-[7]helicene (rac-3) and double helicene, a D(2)-symmetric dimer of 3,3'-bis(dithieno[2,3-b:3',2'-d]thiophene) (rac-4) was developed. The crystal structures of 3 and 4 show both strong intermolecular pi-pi interactions and S..