Mediation of synergistic chemotherapy and gene therapy via nanoparticles based on chitosan and ionic polysaccharides.

Nanoparticles (NPs)-based on various ionic polysaccharides, including chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and alginate have been frequently summarized for controlled release applications, however, most of the published reviews, to our knowledge, focused on the delivery of a single therapeutic agent. A comprehensive summarization of the co-delivery of multiple therapeutic agents by the ionic polysaccharides-based NPs, especially on the optimization of the polysaccharide structure for overcoming various extracellular and intracellular barriers toward maximized synergistic effects, to our knowledge, has been rarely explored so far. For this purpose, the strategies used for overcoming various extracellular and intracellular barriers in vivo were introduced first to provide guidance for the rational design of ionic polysaccharides-based NPs with desired features, including long-term circulation, enhanced cellular internalization, controllable drug/gene release, endosomal escape and improved nucleus localization.

Effect of Programmed Comprehensive Nursing for Postoperative Delirium in Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Background: This study is to evaluate the effect of programmed comprehensive nursing for postoperative delirium in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods: A total of 90 cases of ICU surgery patients admitted to our hospital from July 2019 to July 2020 were recruited and assigned via the random number table method (1 : 1) to receive either conventional nursing (control group) or programmed comprehensive nursing (experimental group). The delirium assessment method was used to record the incidence of delirium events at different time points after the intervention.

Facile Fabrication of Nanoparticles with Dual-Targeting Ligands for Precise Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy and .

Efficient hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy remains a significant challenge due to the unsatisfactory targeting efficiency of nanoparticles (NPs) with either a passive targeting or a single active targeting property. Although a dual-targeting mechanism-based strategy can promote the partial targeting efficiency, most of the reported NPs with dual-targeting properties generally suffer from sophisticated chemical design, multistep synthesis, and purification procedures, leading to batch-to-batch variation and difficulties in scalable production. To develop a facile yet efficient strategy toward dual-targeting ligand-functionalized NPs for precise HCC therapy and potential clinical translation, folic acid (FA) was readily introduced as a hydrophobic and targeting component to a hydrophilic macromolecular prodrug, galactosylated chitosan-5-fluorouracil acetic acid (GC-FU), to afford FA-GC-FU formulation that can self-assemble into NPs driven by the solubility variation of FA and GC-FU without the necessity of previously used physical cross-linking.

Cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles as drug carriers for cancer therapy.

The translocation of natural cell membranes to the surface of synthetic nanoparticles, which allows man-made vectors to share merits and functionalities created by nature, has been a hot subject of research in the past decade. The resulting biomimetic nanoparticles not only retain the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, but also inherit the advantageous functions of source cells. Combined with the preponderances of both synthetic and natural platforms, the optimized biomimetic systems can maximize the drug delivery efficiency.

Aquaporin 3 facilitates chemoresistance in gastric cancer cells to cisplatin autophagy.

Cisplatin (cDDP) remains one of the first-line chemotherapeutic agents for gastric cancer (GC) treatment, and resistance to cDDP is the major limitation in its clinical application. Mechanisms of cDDP resistance have been shown to be varied and complicated. Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in GC tissues and is thought to be involved in GC carcinogenesis and progression.

Aquaporin 3 promotes the stem-like properties of gastric cancer cells via Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to contribute to the tumor growth in gastric carcinoma (GC), a common lethal malignancy. This study investigated the effect of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) on stem-like properties of human GC cells. Elevated AQP3 expression was associated with CD44 expression in human GC specimens.

Potential role of aquaporin 3 in gastric intestinal metaplasia.

Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is a pre-cancerous condition and a pivotal step in the formation of gastric cancer (GC). Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) has been found to be expressed in goblet cells rather than mucus-secreting glands. To investigate the characteristics of GIM in non-cancerous tissues adjacent to GC, as well as the expression and role of AQP3 in GIM tissues, 16 patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma of intestinal type located in the lesser curve of the antrum were consecutively enrolled in this study.

Preoperative serum CEA and CA19-9 in gastric cancer--a single tertiary hospital study of 1,075 cases.

To evaluate the clinical impact of preoperative serum CEA and CA19-9 on resectable gastric cancer (GC), a total of 1,075 consecutive cases with gastric adenocarcinoma were obtained retrospectively from January 2012 and December 2013 in a single tertiary hospital, and the relationships between serum CEA, CA19-9 and clinicopathologic features were investigated. Positive preoperative serum rates of CEA and CA19-9 were 22.4% and 12.

Hyperglycemia Promotes Human Gastric Carcinoma Progression via Aquaporin 3.

Background: Hyperglycemia plays an important role in the development of gastric carcinoma (GC). Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) is overexpressed in GC and involved in carcinogenesis and progression of GC. Hyperglycemia promotes AQP3 expression in human peritoneal mesothelial cells.

Aquaporin 3 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a common and lethal malignancy, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is believed to contribute to invasive and metastatic tumor growth. Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) is overexpressed in human GC tissues, while human epidermal growth factor (EGF) and hepatocyte growth factor, which can induce EMT, are able to up-regulate AQP3 expression, subsequently promoting GC cell migration and proliferation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of AQP3 on EMT in human GC.