Diagnostic Efficacy of Ventilation-Perfusion Single Photo Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography for Pulmonary Hypertension due to Fibrinous Mediastinitis.

Rationale And Objectives: Comprehensive data on the use of ventilation-perfusion single-photo emission computed tomography/computed tomography (V/Q SPECT/CT), an established diagnostic tool for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, in identifying pulmonary hypertension secondary to fibrinous mediastinitis (PH-FM) is scarce. This study aimed to assess its diagnostic efficacy for PH-FM.

Materials And Methods: Patients with PH due to pulmonary artery stenosis were assessed using V/Q SPECT/CT, computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), and digital subtraction pulmonary angiography (PAG).

A non-invasive model for diagnosis of primary Sjogren's disease based on salivary biomarkers, serum autoantibodies, and Schirmer's test.

Background: Minor salivary gland (MSG) biopsy is a critical but invasive method for the classification of primary Sjögren's disease (pSjD). Here we aimed to identify salivary proteins as potential biomarkers and to establish a non-invasive prediction model for pSjD.

Methods: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was conducted on whole saliva samples from patients with pSjD and non-Sjögren control subjects (non-pSjD).

Seronegative primary Sjögren's syndrome, a distinct subtype of primary Sjögren's syndrome in Chinese patients.

Background: To investigate the clinical and immune characteristics of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) who were negative for anti-Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen A antibodies (anti-SSA) and anti-Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen B antibodies (anti-SSB) in Chinese population.

Methods: A retrospective study were performed and 232 patients with pSS were analyzed. Patients positive for anti-SSA or/and anti-SSB were termed as seropositive pSS, and these negative for both anti-SSA and anti-SSB (non-antinuclear antibodies) as seronegative pSS.

PET/CT based cross-modal deep learning signature to predict occult nodal metastasis in lung cancer.

Occult nodal metastasis (ONM) plays a significant role in comprehensive treatments of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aims to develop a deep learning signature based on positron emission tomography/computed tomography to predict ONM of clinical stage N0 NSCLC. An internal cohort (n = 1911) is included to construct the deep learning nodal metastasis signature (DLNMS).

PET/CT-based deep learning grading signature to optimize surgical decisions for clinical stage I invasive lung adenocarcinoma and biologic basis under its prediction: a multicenter study.

Purpose: No consensus on a grading system for invasive lung adenocarcinoma had been built over a long period of time. Until October 2020, a novel grading system was proposed to quantify the whole landscape of histologic subtypes and proportions of pulmonary adenocarcinomas. This study aims to develop a deep learning grading signature (DLGS) based on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to personalize surgical treatments for clinical stage I invasive lung adenocarcinoma and explore the biologic basis under its prediction.

Intravenous insulin preparation administration for myocardial viability F-FDG imaging has the potential to reduce radiation exposure dose.

Objective: Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) injection activity is positively associated with radiation dose and positron emission tomography (PET) image count. Measurement error is greater with smaller counts; therefore, precise analysis is needed to avoid high doses of radiation exposure caused by high F-FDG injection. We aimed to identify and validate the optimal F-FDG injection activity and acquisition time for cardiac viability imaging with intravenous insulin preparation administration based on fixed F-FDG activity.

Development of a semi-empirical interatomic potential appropriate for the radiation defects in V-Ti-Ta-Nb high-entropy alloy.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) hold promise as candidate structural materials in future nuclear energy systems. Body-centred cubic V-Ti-Ta-Nb HEAs have received extensive attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. In this work, the Finnis-Sinclair interatomic potential for quaternary V-Ti-Ta-Nb HEAs has been fitted based on the defect properties obtained with the density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Elevated standardised uptake value of the free wall of the right ventricular myocardium is correlated with enlarged left ventricular end-diastolic volume among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: A retrospective study.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the standardised uptake value of the free wall of the right ventricular myocardium (SUVrv) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with coronary artery disease (CAD). This retrospective study included 50 patients with CAD and HFrEF scheduled for cardiac viability imaging with electrocardiography-gated fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). The maximal SUVrv was measured.

miR-146a promotes M2 macrophage polarization and accelerates diabetic wound healing by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB axis.

We tried to unveil the clinical significance of miR-146a as a biomarker in M2 macrophage polarization in diabetic wound healing. Initially, we found reduced miR-146a in macrophages of diabetic patients. Next, dual-luciferase assay verified that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was a target gene of miR-146 and was negatively regulated by miR-146.

Shock-induced plasticity and phase transformation in single crystal magnesium: an interatomic potential and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations.

An effective and reliable Finnis-Sinclair (FS) type potential is developed for large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of plasticity and phase transition of magnesium (Mg) single crystals under high-pressure shock loading. The shock-wave profiles exhibit a split elastic-inelastic wave in the [0001]shock orientation and a three-wave structure in the [10-10]and [-12-10]directions, namely, an elastic precursor, a followed plastic front, and a phase-transition front. The shock Hugoniot of the particle velocity () vs the shock velocity () of Mg single crystals in three shock directions under low shock strength reveals apparent anisotropy, which vanishes with increasing shock strength.

Retracted article: Mechanism of isosorbide dinitrate combined with exercise training rehabilitation to mobilize endothelial progenitor cells in patients with coronary heart disease.

Ruozhu Dai, Huilin Zhuo, Yangchun Chen, Kelian Zhang, Yongda Dong, Chengbo Chen and Wei Wang. Mechanism of isosorbide dinitrate combined with exercise training rehabilitation to mobilize endothelial progenitor cells in patients with coronary heart disease. Bioengineered.

Structural Profiling of Bacterial Effectors Reveals Enrichment of Host-Interacting Domains and Motifs.

Effector proteins are bacterial virulence factors secreted directly into host cells and, through extensive interactions with host proteins, rewire host signaling pathways to the advantage of the pathogen. Despite the crucial role of globular domains as mediators of protein-protein interactions (PPIs), previous structural studies of bacterial effectors are primarily focused on individual domains, rather than domain-mediated PPIs, which limits their ability to uncover systems-level molecular recognition principles governing host-bacteria interactions. Here, we took an interaction-centric approach and systematically examined the potential of structural components within bacterial proteins to engage in or target eukaryote-specific domain-domain interactions (DDIs).

68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT in Erdheim-Chester Disease.

A 56-year-old woman presented with edema in the upper part of the body, enlarged axillary lymph nodes, and progressive bone pain for 1 year. Malignant disease was initially suspected. This patient underwent 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT for detection of the primary lesion and evaluation of disease extent.

Characteristics of the Urinary Microbiome From Patients With Gout: A Prospective Study.

The role of host microbes in the pathogenesis of several diseases has been established, and altered microbiomes have been related to diseases. However, the variability of the urinary microbiome in individuals with gout has not been evaluated to date. Therefore, we conducted the present prospective study to characterize the urinary microbiome and its potential relation to gout.

Convergent perturbation of the human domain-resolved interactome by viruses and mutations inducing similar disease phenotypes.

An important goal of systems medicine is to study disease in the context of genetic and environmental perturbations to the human interactome network. For diseases with both genetic and infectious contributors, a key postulate is that similar perturbations of the human interactome by either disease mutations or pathogens can have similar disease consequences. This postulate has so far only been tested for a few viral species at the level of whole proteins.

Theoretical Analysis for Bending of Single-Stranded DNA Adsorption on Microcantilever Sensors.

An energy-based model is presented to establish the bending deformation of microcantilever beams induced by single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) adsorption. The total free energy of the DNA-microcantilever sensor was obtained by considering the excluded-volume energy and the polymer stretching energy of DNA chains from mean-field theory, and the mechanical energy of three non-biological layers. The radius of curvature and deflection of the cantilever were determined through the minimum principle of energy.

Errors in the absorbed and the administered I therapeutic dose in patients with Graves' disease. A suggested more precise technique.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative error (RE) in the thyroid absorbed dose (TD) of iodine-131 (I) in patients with Graves' disease comparing the simplified Quimby-Marinelli-Hine formula method (sQMHF) and the Standard Operational Procedures for dosimetry (SOPD) recommended by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine.

Patients And Methods: This study included 45 patients with Graves' disease 12 men and 33 women; age 44.1±12.

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Standardized Uptake Value (SUV)-shape Scheme for Thyroid Volume Determination in Graves' Disease: A Comparison with Ultrasonography.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of thyroid volume measurement using Tc pertechnetate single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images, acquired by the standardized uptake value (SUV)-shape scheme designed by our expert team.

Methods: A total of 18 consecutive patients with Graves' disease (GD) were subjected to both ultrasonographic and Tc pertechnetate SPECT examinations of thyroid within a five-day interval. The volume of thyroid lobes and isthmus was measured by ultrasonography (US) according to the ellipsoid volume equation.

Background-based Delineation of Internal Tumor Volume in Static Positron Emission Tomography in a Phantom Study.

Objectives: Considering the fact that the standardized uptake value (SUV) of a normal lung tissue is expressed as ±, +3× could be considered as the threshold value to outline the internal tumor volume (ITV) of a lung neoplasm.

Methods: Three hollow models were filled with 55.0 kBq/mL fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) to represent tumors.

Delineation gross tumor volume based on positron emission tomography images by a numerical approximation method.

Objective: A scheme, named SUV_Shape, for the gross tumor volume (GTV) delineation on positron emission tomography (PET) images was designed by a numerical approximation method, and evaluated during this study.

Methods: Twenty-one vacuous plastic balls of different shapes and sizes, their volumes ranged from 0.56 to 179.

[A study on the differential diagnosis of ciliated epithelial cells from Lophomonas blattarum in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid].

Objective: To validate the authenticity of the cases diagnosed as pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection in literatures and Lophomonas blattarum as a kind of pathogen resulting in pulmonary infection.

Methods: From June 2012 to May 2013, mobile cells with cilia at the anterior end of the cells were observed in BALF from 6 patients with pulmonary disease in our hospital. Morphological feature and ultrastructure of the cells were further investigated by optical microscope and electron microscope to determine the type of the cells referring to literature-published photos of Lophomonas blattarum.

Cytoplasmic mislocalization of p27 and CDK2 mediates the anti-migratory and anti-proliferative effects of Nodal in human trophoblast cells.

p27(Kip1), a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, is a multi-functional protein that regulates various cellular activities. Trophoblast proliferation, migration and invasion are some of the key processes of placental development. We have recently reported that Nodal, a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, inhibits human trophoblast cell proliferation, migration and invasion.

Pivotal study of iodine-131-labeled chimeric tumor necrosis treatment radioimmunotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer.

Purpose: Tumor necrosis treatment (TNT) uses degenerating tumor cells and necrotic regions of tumors as targets for radioimmunotherapy. Previous studies in animal tumor models and clinical trials have demonstrated that when linked to the therapeutic radionuclide iodine-131, recombinant chimeric TNT antibody ((131)I-chTNT) can deliver therapeutic doses to tumors regardless of the location or type of malignancy. Therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of (131)I-chTNT in advanced lung cancer patients were studied in this pivotal registration trial.