Synthesis of nano cubic microstructure LiNiCoMnO cathode materials rapid precipitation assisted with hydrothermal treatment.

In this work, a modified Ni-rich cathode material LiNiCoMnO with a unique nano cubic microstructure is successfully synthesized a rapid precipitation assisted with hydrothermal treatment. The formation of this distinctive microstructure is attributed to the homogeneous rapid precipitation in microreactor, which predominantly generates uniform crystal nuclei. The as-prepared material with nano-/microstructure shows superior initial reversible capacity (205.

Lead Tolerance and Remediation Potential of Four Species in Lead-Contaminated Soil.

plants are low-growing shrubby bamboos with growth advantages, such as high biomass and strong resistance, and they are rich in germplasm resources in southern China. This study conducted soil lead (Pb) stress experiments on (Keng) McClure (LA), B.M.

Clinical significance and effect of PRR 11 up-regulation on the malignancy of osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma ranks first in both morbidity and mortality among primary bone tumors. This study aimed to investigate the effect of up-regulation of PRR11 on the malignancy of osteosarcoma and its clinical significance. The expression, biological function, related pathways of PRR11 in osteosarcoma and its impact on prognosis were explored through the bioinformatics database.

Micromixing Intensification within a Combination of T-Type Micromixer and Micropacked Bed.

The combination of microstructural units is an effective strategy to improve the micromixing of liquid phase systems, especially viscous systems. However, how the microstructural combination influences micromixing is still not systematically investigated. In this work, the Villermaux/Dushman reaction is used to study the micromixing performance of the viscous system of the glycerol-water in the combination of a T-type micromixer and a micropacked bed.

Electrochemically Active Mn-Doped Iron Hexacyanoferrate as the Cathode Material in Sodium-Ion Batteries.

In this work, for the performance enhancement of iron hexacyanoferrate, an electrochemically active Mn-doped iron hexacyanoferrate cathode is fabricated via a bottom-up approach. It is found that the pre-treatment of interstitial water and appropriate Mn doping are two keys to achieving higher capacity and higher stability. The interstitial water has a trade-off effect between the alleviation of volume expansion upon Na (de)intercalation and the retardation of Na-ion diffusion.

Microfluidic Fabrication and Thermal Properties of Microencapsulated N-Hexadecane with a Hybrid Polymer Shell for Thermal Energy Storage.

In this study, a strategy based on microfluidic method is developed toward a facile fabrication of phase change material microcapsules with uniform and controllable particle size as well as high encapsulation ratio and thermal stability. N-hexadecane, as a phase change material, was successfully encapsulated by a hybrid shell of poly (methyl methacrylate) and polyurea. The fabrication process includes the following three steps: (1) Formation of oil-in-water droplets with uniform micron size in the microfluidic chip; (2) formation of the first polyurea shell to encapsulate droplets by fast interfacial polymerization when the droplets pass through the coiled transport microchannel; and (3) completion of free radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate inside the microspheres by heating to form the hybrid microcapsule shell.

How Does Ion Exchange Construct Binary Hexacyanoferrate? A Case Study.

In this work, using electrochemical active Fe as an ion-exchange element (attack side) and the Na MnFe(CN) slurry with a high solid content (MnHCF) as a template (defensive side), a series of binary hexacyanoferrates are prepared via a simple Mn/Fe ion-exchange process, in which Na FeFe(CN) (FeHCF) and solid solution Na (FeMn)Fe(CN) are concentrated on the shell and the core, respectively. The proportions of the two structures are mainly controlled by the competition between the ion-exchange rate in the bulk material and dissolution-reprecipitation rate. Slowing down the attacking rate, such as the use of a chelating agent complexed with the attacker Fe, is advantageous to form a thermodynamically metastable state with homogeneous distribution of elements since the diffusion of Fe in the solid MnHCF is relatively fast.

Flexible and Effective Preparation of Magnetic Nanoclusters via One-Step Flow Synthesis.

FeO nanoclusters have attractive applications in various areas, due to their outstanding superparamagnetism. In this work, we realized a one-step flow synthesis of FeO nanoclusters, within minutes, through the sequential and quantitative introduction of reactants and modifier in a microflow system. The enhanced micromixing performance enabled a prompt and uniform supply of the modifier oleic acid (OA) for both nanoparticle modification and nanocluster stabilization to avoid uncontrolled modified nanoparticles aggregation.

Tailoring the AlCl/iPrO/EtO initiation system for highly reactive polyisobutylene synthesis in pure -hexane.

This paper reports the flow synthesis of highly reactive polyisobutylenes (HRPIBs) in pure -hexane using properly prepared AlCl·EtO crystals in conjunction with AlCl·iPrO solution as coinitiators. By preparing AlCl·iPrO solution and AlCl·EtO crystals separately, the cationic polymerization of isobutylene proceeded smoothly under a wide range of monomer concentrations (0.33-1.

Amorphous FePO/Carbon Nanotube Cathode Preparation via in Situ Nanoprecipitation and Coagulation in a Microreactor.

In this article, nanostructured amorphous FePO (a-FePO)-carbon nanotube (CNT) composites, with high purity of FePO and a controllable FePO/C ratio, were directly synthesized by a fast nanoprecipitation process in a microreactor, using Fe(NO) and (NH)PO as precursors. Oxidized CNTs are well dispersed via strong electrostatic repulsion in a high pH solution system. Subsequently, a-FePO nanoparticles are adhered onto CNTs just following the fast nanoprecipitation process; then, the precipitated composites are compacted by ball-milling, forming a compact conductive network with well dispersed and highly loaded active materials.

Thermal Decomposition of Ethyl Diazoacetate in Microtube Reactor: A Kinetics Study.

Ethyl diazoacetate (EDA) commonly experiences intensive decomposition as well as complex conversion concerning safety and efficiency. In this work, a careful kinetics study on the thermal decomposition of EDA was isothermally conducted in a microtube reactor to establish a mechanism-based kinetic model. The model parameters were well calibrated with experimental data including the yield of dimmers and the conversion of EDA, confirming the rationality of the proposed three-step reaction route.

Facile Construction of High-Performance Amorphous FePO/Carbon Nanomaterials as Cathodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries.

A facile strategy to construct composites of amorphous FePO (a-FePO) nanoparticles and carbon additives with high dispersion and tap density was developed in this work, in which the a-FePO·2HO nanoparticles were handled without drying until being mixed with carbon nanomaterials in water to assure high dispersion of a-FePO·2HO nanoparticles and carbon nanomaterials; the controlled sedimentation was exploited by rapid adjustment of the pH value via a micromixer to obtain the composites that are easy to manipulate; the composites were endowed with high tap density after simple ball-milling. Using this strategy, hybrid carbon additives were uniformly introduced into the a-FePO cathode to form a hierarchical 3D conductive network. Through proper distribution of these components to provide both long- and short-range electron pathways, the reversible discharge capacity could reach 175.

Effects of Ether on the Cationic Polymerization of Isobutylene Catalyzed by AlCl.

In this work, we prepared different initiator solutions containing ether and AlCl by changing the addition sequence of ingredients, studied the interactions between ether and AlCl from the evolution of the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra by comparison, and investigated the catalytic performances of AlCl affected by ether for isobutylene polymerization. We observed that different preparation methods of initiator solutions could lead to two kinds of interactions between ether and HO/AlCl in hexane. The strong interaction could stabilize carbenium ions and seriously decrease the catalytic performance, whereas the weak interaction could promote isomerization and proton elimination.

Synthesis of hierarchical iron hydrogen phosphate crystal as a robust peroxidase mimic for stable Hâ‚‚Oâ‚‚ detection.

To develop a green, cost-efficient and robust peroxidase mimic, micro/nano hierarchical morphology (for ease of separation and reuse), relative chemically stable composition (for ease of storage) and stable crystal structure (for long-term stability) are highly desired. Herein, using phosphoric acid as a chelating ligand to control the release of iron ions, hierarchical iron(III) hydrogen phosphate hydrate crystals are successfully prepared by nanosheets formation and following self-assembling in a facile low-temperature hydrothermal process. They are first found to have peroxidase-like activity and showed higher affinity for H2O2 and lower affinity for 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine compared with horseradish peroxidase.

Direct measurement of the differential pressure during drop formation in a co-flow microfluidic device.

In this study, we developed a new method for the direct measurement of differential pressures in a co-flow junction microfluidic device using a Capillary Laplace Gauge (CLG). The CLG - used inside the microchannel device--was designed using a tapered glass-capillary set up in co-flow junction architecture with a three-phase liquid-liquid-gas system with two flowing liquid phases and an entrained gas phase. By taking advantage of the Laplace equation, basic geometric relations and an integrated image analysis program, the movement of the entrained gas phase with the flow of the liquid-phases is tracked and monitored, allowing the gauge to function as an ultra-sensitive, integrated, differential pressure sensor measuring fluctuations in the liquid-dispersed phase channel pressure as small as tens of Pascals caused by droplet formation.

Generation of monodispersed microdroplets by temperature controlled bubble condensation processes.

This work introduces a microfluidic method for the generation of monodispersed microdroplets by using temperature controlled bubble condensation processes. In this method, the dispersed phase is first vaporized in the feeding pipe and ruptured to monodispersed bubbles in a coflowing stream. These bubbles are then condensed in the downstream pipe, where monodispersed microdroplets are obtained.

Controllable preparation of microscale tubes with multiphase co-laminar flow in a double co-axial microdevice.

This article describes a simple method for the fabrication of microscale polymer tubes. A double co-axial microchannel device was designed and fabricated. Liquid/liquid/liquid multiphase co-laminar flows were realized in a microchannel by choosing working systems.

Absorption and desorption of gaseous toluene by an absorbent microcapsules column.

Heavy solvents absorption appears to be very attractive in recovering of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from industrial tail gas. Their high viscosities make good dispersion required but difficult to reduce mass transfer resistance. Microencapsulation techniques provide a candidate solution.

Directly suspended droplet microextraction in a rotating vial.

In this paper, a novel suspended droplet microextraction method was developed for the detection of trace of organic compounds in water samples. The process was executed in a rotating extraction vial without the use of a stir bar. A single drop of octan-1-ol placed on top of the water sample was used as the solvent.

Preparation of polysulfone microcapsules containing 1-octanol for the recovery of caprolactam.

Polysulphone (PSF) microcapsules containing 1-octanol were prepared with solvent extraction method for the recovery of caprolactam. One-step and two-step processes were, respectively, applied to prepare microcapsules. In order to get high extractant loading, a loading method with the assistance of ultrasound has been developed.

Polysulphone microcapsules containing silicone oil for the removal of toxic volatile organics from water.

Removal of volatile organic contaminants (VOCs) from water is an important task for environmental protection. Silicone oil has many merits but can not be directly applied in extraction of VOCs due to its high viscosity, which can negatively affect the mass transfer. Therefore a new purification method with extractant microcapsules has been developed in this work.

Preparation of uniform microcapsules with silicone oil as continuous phase in a micro-dispersion process.

This paper presents an improved solvent evaporation method with silicone oil (PDMS) as the continuous phase for preparation of microcapsules to make more polymer solvents available. A microchannel device was used to produce emulsions instead of mechanical stirring to prepare the mono-dispersed microcapsules. Under the conditions of lower evaporation temperature and shorter evaporation time, uniform polyacrylonitrile (PAN) microcapsules containing Aliquat 336 (ALQ) have been successfully prepared.

[Reconstruction of anterior skull base defect by pedicle frontal muscle compound flap].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of one stage reconstruction for anterior skull base defect by pedicled frontal muscle compound flap after craniofacial combined approach operation.

Methods: Twelve patients with frontal skull base tumor and fracture (rudimentary cancer 5, malignant melanoma 1, neurogliocytoma 1, ethmoid sinus rhabdomyosarcoma 1, malignant papilloma 1, osteofibroma 2, underwent surgery 1) were included. The compound flap with pedicled frontal muscle galea aponeuroses pericranium was adopted which brought single blood vessel or double, and splinter skull bone.