Predicting grip strength-related frailty in middle-aged and older Chinese adults using interpretable machine learning models: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Frailty is an emerging global health burden, and there is no consensus on the precise prediction of frailty. We aimed to explore the association between grip strength and frailty and interpret the optimal machine learning (ML) model using the SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) to predict the risk of frailty.

Methods: Data for the study were extracted from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database.

Efficient U(VI) removal by TiCT nanosheets modified with sulfidated nano zero-valent iron: Batch experiments, mechanism, and biotoxicity assessment.

The MXenes, a new class of two-dimensional layered materials, have found extensive applications in water treatment for its excellent thermal stability, electrical conductivity, and excellent adsorption ability. Sulfidized nano zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) is a good reducing agent, however, the practical application of S-nZVI is currently restricted due to the tendency of nano materials to agglomerate. Herein, MXenes use as a support and in situ loading S-nZVI on it to prepare a new material (S-nZVI/TiCT), and applied it to U(VI) removal in water treatment.

Selection of aptamers targeting small molecules by capillary electrophoresis: Advances, challenges, and prospects.

Aptamers, as novel recognition molecules, hold immense potential across various domains such as biosensing, nucleic acid drugs, medical diagnostics, as well as environmental and food analysis. The majority of aptamer selection processes targeting small molecules and protein commonly employ magnetic bead-based methodologies, wherein the target is initially immobilized on magnetic beads, followed by magnetic separation. The Evolutionary Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment technique based on capillary electrophoresis (CE-SELEX) is acknowledged as one of the most efficient screening methods.

Real-time visualization of "small Molecules-ssDNA" complexes for aptamer screening based on online competition CE-SELEX.

Capillary electrophoresis-based systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (CE-SELEX) is one of the most efficient techniques for aptamers screening. However, CE-SELEX is generally considered challenging for small molecule targets due to a slight charge-to-mass ratio (z/m) difference that fails to create a clear separation between small molecule-ssDNA complexes and ssDNA libraries, thus heavily restricting the screening target scopes. Herein, a novel online competition CE-SELEX (ocCE-SELEX) strategy was introduced for real-time visualization of "small molecules-ssDNA" complexes to screen aptamers for small molecule targets in free solution.

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D enhances the expression of phosphorus transporters via vitamin D receptor in ligated duodenal loops of Arbor Acres male broilers.

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)D] could promote phosphorus (P) absorption in the duodenum of broilers. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the action of 1,25-(OH)D. However, it remains unknown whether and how VDR is involved in promoting P absorption in the duodenum of broilers by 1,25-(OH)D.

Protocol for isolating antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies from immunized mice utilizing the Beacon platform.

Isolation of antigen-specific plasma B cells had been challenging until the recent arrival of the Beacon platform. Leveraging light-sorting technology, Beacon can perform high-throughput screening of plasma B cells on a chip to sort single cells with the desired antigen specificity. Here, we present a protocol for isolating antigen-specific plasma B cells from immunized mice using Beacon, sequencing the encoded B cell receptors (BCRs), and cloning and expressing the resulting antibodies.

Interpretable machine learning models for predicting clinical pregnancies associated with surgical sperm retrieval from testes of different etiologies: a retrospective study.

Background: The relationship between surgical sperm retrieval of different etiologies and clinical pregnancy is unclear. We aimed to develop a robust and interpretable machine learning (ML) model for predicting clinical pregnancy using the SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) association of surgical sperm retrieval from testes of different etiologies.

Methods: A total of 345 infertile couples who underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment with surgical sperm retrieval due to different etiologies from February 2020 to March 2023 at the reproductive center were retrospectively analyzed.

Machine-learning-based models assist the prediction of pulmonary embolism in autoimmune diseases: A retrospective, multicenter study.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a severe and acute cardiovascular syndrome with high mortality among patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRDs). Accurate prediction and timely intervention play a pivotal role in enhancing survival rates. However, there is a notable scarcity of practical early prediction and risk assessment systems of PE in patients with AIIRD.

IRGM/Irgm1 increases autophagy to inhibit activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammatory injury induced acute liver failure.

Immune-related GTPase M (IRGM) induces autophagy and suppresses inflammation, but its putative role and signaling mechanism remain undefined in the pathogenesis of liver failure. This study aimed to address how IRGM attenuates inflammatory injury by regulating autophagy in liver failure. In this study, a total of 10 patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) and 10 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled.

Creating machine learning models that interpretably link systemic inflammatory index, sex steroid hormones, and dietary antioxidants to identify gout using the SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) method.

Background: The relationship between systemic inflammatory index (SII), sex steroid hormones, dietary antioxidants (DA), and gout has not been determined. We aim to develop a reliable and interpretable machine learning (ML) model that links SII, sex steroid hormones, and DA to gout identification.

Methods: The dataset we used to study the relationship between SII, sex steroid hormones, DA, and gout was from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Interpretable machine learning framework to predict gout associated with dietary fiber and triglyceride-glucose index.

Background: Gout prediction is essential for the development of individualized prevention and treatment plans. Our objective was to develop an efficient and interpretable machine learning (ML) model using the SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) to link dietary fiber and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index to predict gout.

Methods: Using datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005-2018) population to study dietary fiber, the TyG index was used to predict gout.

Repurposing the multiple sclerosis drug Siponimod for osteoporosis treatment.

Osteoporosis is the most common bone disorder, in which an imbalance between osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation disrupts bone homeostasis. Osteoporosis management using anti-osteoclastic agents is a promising strategy; however, this remains an unmet need. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptors (S1PRs) are essential for maintaining bone homeostasis.

Phosphate type dependent phosphorylation on the interfacial and emulsion stabilizing behaviors of goose liver protein: Perspective of protein charging.

Elucidation on the emulsifying behaviors of goose liver protein (GLP) from interfacial perspective was scarce when protein charging was altered. This work aimed to elucidate the role of phosphorylation on the interfacial associative interaction and then emulsion stabilizing properties of GLP using three structurally relevant phosphates of sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP). A monotonic increment of protein charging treated from STMP, STPP to TSPP caused progressively increased particle de-aggregation, surface hydrophobicity and structural flexibility of GLP.

Dietary Zn Deficiency Inhibits Cell Proliferation via the GPR39-Mediated Suppression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in the Jejunum of Broilers.

A prior investigation revealed that a lack of Zinc (Zn) could hinder intestinal cell proliferation in broiler chickens; however, the mechanisms responsible for this effect remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms of dietary Zn deficiency in inhibiting the jejunal cell proliferation of broilers. For this study, a total of 112 chickens (21 days old) were randomly divided into two treatments (seven replicate cages per treatment, eight chickens per replicate cage): the control group (CON) and the Zn deficiency group.

Risk factors for short-term prognosis of end-stage liver disease complicated by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

Background And Aim: Patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) are susceptible to invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). This study aimed to investigate the risk factors affecting the occurrence and short-term prognosis of ESLD complicated by IPA.

Methods: This retrospective case-control study included 110 patients with ESLD.

Transport Properties with Multiple Functions of Fe@C-GNR Single Molecule.

Encouraged by the successful fabrication of C-GNR (GNR=graphene nanoribbon) single-molecule transistors in experiments, four Fe-containing derived double-layered devices of Fe@C-GNR are designed by employing different electrode linkages and their transport properties are investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) and nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) methods. Regardless of electrode connection, all these devices give rise to a smaller negative differential resistance (NDR) peak at V=0.2 and a higher peak at 1.

Combining Porous Se@SiO Nanocomposites and dECM Enhances the Myogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.

Background: Volumetric Muscle Loss (VML) denotes the traumatic loss of skeletal muscle, a condition that can result in chronic functional impairment and even disability. While the body can naturally repair injured skeletal muscle within a limited scope, patients experiencing local and severe muscle loss due to VML surpass the compensatory capacity of the muscle itself. Currently, clinical treatments for VML are constrained and demonstrate minimal efficacy.