The guided fire from within: intratumoral administration of mRNA-based vaccines to mobilize memory immunity and direct immune responses against pathogen to target solid tumors.

We investigated a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy that effectively suppresses tumor growth in multiple solid tumor models and significantly extends the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice by introducing pathogen antigens into tumors via mRNA-lipid nanoparticles. The pre-existing immunity against the pathogen antigen can significantly enhance the efficacy of this approach. In mice previously immunized with BNT162b2, an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine encoding the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, intratumoral injections of the same vaccine efficiently tagged the tumor cells with mRNA-expressed spike protein.

Carbon-Oxygen Radical Assisted Growth of Defect-Free Graphene Films Using Low-Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Low-temperature chemical vapor deposition growth of graphene films is a long-term pursuit in the graphene synthesis field because of the low energy consumption, short heating-cooling process and low wrinkle density of as-obtained films. However, insufficient energy supply at low temperature (below 850 °C) usually leads to the difficulty in carbon source dissociation, graphene growth, and defect healing. Herein, a Carbon-Oxygen (C─O) radical assisted strategy is proposed for low-temperature growth of defect-free, wrinkle-free, and single-crystalline graphene films by using methanol precursor.

Modular Synthesis of -Difluorotetrahydrocarbazolone Scaffolds via Copper-Catalyzed Cascade Reaction of Bromodifluoroacetyl Indoles and Olefins.

A novel and efficient modular synthesis of -difluorotetrahydrocarbazolone scaffolds via copper-catalyzed radical cascade cyclization of bromodifluoroacetyl indoles and olefins has been reported. This operationally simple protocol provides straightforward and practical access to a series of privileged -difluorotetrahydrocarbazolone scaffolds from readily available starting materials, with the feature of broad functional group tolerance and mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the method could be used for the late-stage functionalization of bioactive molecules, which opens up the possibility for practical applications.

Histidine-capped copper nanoclusters for in situ amplified fluorescence monitoring of doxycycline through inner filter effect.

There is a significant need to accurately measure doxycycline concentrations in view of the adverse effects of an overdose on human health. A fluorescence (FL) detection method was adopted and copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) were synthesized using chemical reduction technology. Based on FL quenching with doxycycline, the prepared CuNCs were used to explore a fluorescent nanoprobe for doxycycline detection.

Research and Development of Self-Waterproofing Concrete for Tunnel Lining Structure and Its Impermeability and Crack Resistance Characteristics.

This research paper systematically investigates the combined influence of fly ash, cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing (CCCW) materials, and polypropylene fibers on the mechanical properties and impermeability of concrete through comprehensive orthogonal tests. Microscopic morphological changes in the concrete induced by different composite materials are examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) testing. The objective is to facilitate a beneficial synergetic interaction among these materials to develop highly permeable, crack-resistant concrete.

A Case of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated with HPV58 Infection.

We report the case of a 55-year-old man with penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We found a mass in the patient's penis, which gradually increased in size. We performed a partial penectomy to remove the mass.

Design of combination therapy for engineered bacterial therapeutics in non-small cell lung cancer.

Synthetic biology enables the engineering of bacteria to safely deliver potent payloads to tumors for effective anti-cancer therapies. However, a central challenge for translation is determining ideal bacterial therapy candidates for specific cancers and integrating them with other drug treatment strategies to maximize efficacy. To address this, we designed a screening and evaluation pipeline for characterization of bacterial therapies in lung cancer models.

A rare case of condyloma acuminatum caused by HPV73 and HPV33 infection.

Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a sexually transmitted disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, mainly by HPV DNA types 6 and 11. Except for HPV16 and HPV18, CA caused by other intermediate or high-risk subtypes is rare in clinical settings. Here, we report a case that was positive for HPV73 and 33 and negative for other common subtypes.

A new option for the treatment of condyloma acuminatum in the male urethra: Multimodal ultrasound image-guided scraping and photodynamic therapy (USP).

Objectives: Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a sexually transmitted disease with a high recurrence rate due to the rapid replication of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its subtle immune escape mechanism, which makes the diagnosis and treatment of CA in the male urethra particularly difficult. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of comprehensive treatments for male urethral CA after accurate localization of warts under ultrasound guidance.

Methods: The study included 15 men with intraurethral CA.

Cryotherapy combined with photodynamic therapy for successful treatment of condyloma acuminatum in special sites such as the nipple and the nasal vestibule: A series of two case reports.

Condyloma acuminatum is a benign tumor principally resulting from a human papillomavirus type 6 or 11 infection. The lesions mostly damage the genital and perianal squamous epithelium and skin but occasionally emerge outside the perianal and genital regions. We studied the cases of a 29-year-old man with left nasal vestibule vegetation and a 22-year-old woman with left nipple vegetation.

Local Chiral Inversion of Thymine Dimers by Manipulating Single Water Molecules.

Water, as one of the most important and indispensable small molecules in vivo, plays a crucial role in driving biological self-assembly processes. Real-space detection and identification of water-induced organic structures and further capture of dynamic dehydration processes are important yet challenging, which would help to reveal the cooperation and competition mechanisms among water-involved noncovalent interactions. Herein, introduction of water molecules onto the self-assembled thymine (T) structures under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions results in the hydration of hydrogen-bonded T dimers forming a well-ordered water-involved T structure.

Formation of Unconventional Stoichiometric Na-Cl Magic-Number Nanoclusters and 2D Assembly on Ir(111).

Sodium chlorides in non-1:1 stoichiometry are counterintuitive but recently their existence has been found under the high pressure condition or in the confined space between graphene sheets. Here the direct observation of the formation of Na Cl nanoclusters, a stable magic-number structure, is reported on an Ir(111) surface using scanning tunneling microscopy and noncontact atomic force microscopy. The stability of Na Cl nanoclusters in the free and adsorbed state is corroborated by density functional theory calculations.

Water-Induced Chiral Separation on a Au(111) Surface.

Facing the scientific question of the origin of chirality in life, water is considered to play a crucial role in driving many biologically relevant processes . Water has been demonstrated to be related to chiral generation, amplification, and inversion, while the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood. Real-space evidence at the single-molecule level is thus urgently required to understand the role of water molecules in biomolecular chirality related issues.

Effect of Naphthalene-Based Superplasticizer and Polycarboxylic Acid Superplasticizer on the Properties of Sulfoaluminate Cement.

In order to study what the effect of superplasticizers on the setting time, fluidity and compressive strength of calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) a naphthalene-based superplasticizer (BNS) and a polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer (PC) were selected to interact with CSA pastes and ye'elimite, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analytical methods were used to investigate the class, amount and microstructure of the CSA pastes and ye'elimite pastes hydration products under the effect of the superplasticizers. The results showed that the addition of BNS can promote ettringite generation and thus improve the early compressive strength.

RT-qPCR with chimeric dU stem-loop primer is efficient for the detection of bacterial small RNAs.

Small non-coding RNAs are considered be involved in the regulation of multiple cellular processes. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) is widely used in the detection of eukaryotic microRNA, and the stem-loop primers can improve the specificity and efficiency of reverse transcription. However, the loop structure of primers probably influence the next quantitative amplification due to the base stacking and steric hindrance.