Evolution Path of Precursor-Induced High-Temperature Lithiation Reaction during the Synthesis of Lithium-Rich Cathode Materials.

High-temperature lithiation is one of the crucial steps for the synthesis of Li- and Mn-rich layered metal oxide (LMLO) cathodes. A profound insight of the micromorphology and crystal structure evolution during calcination helps to realize the finely controlled preparation of final cathodes, finally achieving a desired electrochemical performance. In this work, two typical precursors (hydroxide and oxalate) were selected to prepare LMLO.

Life cycle assessment of an efficient biomass power plant supported by semi-closed supercritical CO cycle and chemical looping air separation.

Biomass power plant with carbon capture facility has great carbon emission reduction potential due to biomass's carbon neutrality characteristic, but it has been long-time suffered from undesirable system efficiency. This paper explored the life cycle carbon emission of a high-efficient biomass power generation system, which was comprised by the semi-closed supercritical CO cycle and chemical looping air separation sub-units. This system was proved to be environmentally superior with the life cycle warming impact value at 97.

Evaluation of Compressive and Permeability Behaviors of Trabecular-Like Porous Structure with Mixed Porosity Based on Mechanical Topology.

The mechanical properties and permeability properties of artificial bone implants have high-level requirements. A method for the design of trabecular-like porous structure (TLPS) with mixed porosity is proposed based on the study of the mechanical and permeability characteristics of natural bone. With this technique, the morphology and density of internal porous structures can be adjusted, depending on the implantation requirements, to meet the mechanical and permeability requirements of natural bone.

New Technique Integrating Hydrate-Based Gas Separation and Chemical Absorption for the Sweetening of Natural Gas with High HS and CO Contents.

Given the drawbacks of the traditional MDEA absorption process, we introduced a hydrate-based gas separation approach. Then, to study the effectiveness of this method, we performed some hydrating experiments demonstrating that energy consumption could be remarkably reduced. However, the acid components (HS and CO) in the product gas failed to meet the specification requirements of the sales gas.

Humanistic care interventions in patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the application value of humanistic care interventions in patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (LEASO).

Methods: We enrolled 98 LEASO patients undergoing interventional therapy in our hospital into this study, among whom 47 cases received conventional care interventions (the regular group) while the other 51 received humanistic care interventions based on conventional care interventions (the research group). The two groups were compared in negative emotions, complications, and quality of life of patients.

Hemoglobin-induced neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus after neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage.

Neuronal degeneration following neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is incompletely understood. Understanding the mechanisms of degeneration and cell loss may point toward specific treatments to limit injury. We evaluated the role of hemoglobin (Hb) in cell death after intraventricular injection in neonatal rats.

Ischemic preconditioning attenuates brain edema after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage.

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) provides protection against subsequent severe ischemic injury. A recent study found that cerebral IPC prolongs bleeding time. In this study, we examined whether IPC protects against intra-cerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced brain edema formation and whether IPC affects blood coagulation.

Susceptibility to intracerebral hemorrhage-induced brain injury segregates with low aerobic capacity in rats.

Although low exercise capacity is a risk factor for stroke, the exact mechanisms that underlie this connection are not known. As a model system for exploring the association between aerobic capacity and disease risks we applied two-way artificial selection over numerous generations in rats to produce low capacity runners (LCR) and high capacity runners (HCR). Here we compared intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced brain injury in both genders of these rat lines.

Thrombin-induced autophagy: a potential role in intracerebral hemorrhage.

Autophagy occurs in the brain after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and thrombin contributes to ICH-induced brain injury and cell death. In this study, we investigated whether thrombin may activate autophagy (in vivo and in cultured astrocytes) and its potential role in ICH. Autophagy was examined using electron microscopy, conversion of light chain 3(LC3) from the LC3-I form to LC3-II, cathepsin D Western blotting and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining to detect autophagic vacuoles.

Minocycline-induced attenuation of iron overload and brain injury after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: Brain iron overload plays a detrimental role in brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). A recent study found that minocycline acts as an iron chelator and reduces iron-induced neuronal death in vitro. The present study investigated if minocycline reduces iron overload after ICH and iron-induced brain injury in vivo.

Hemoglobin expression in neurons and glia after intracerebral hemorrhage.

The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of hemoglobin (Hb) in the brain after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and the effects of hemin and iron on neuronal Hb. For the in vivo studies, male Sprague-Dawley rats received either a sham operation or an ICH. The rats were killed 1, 4, 24 or 72 h later, and brains were used for real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry.

Iron accumulation and DNA damage in a pig model of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Cerebral iron overload causes brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats and pigs. The current study examined whether an iron chelator, deferoxamine, can reduce ICH-induced DNA damage in pigs. Pigs received an injection of autologous blood into the right frontal lobe.

Effects of aging on autophagy after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes severe brain injury in aged rats. Autophagy occurs in the brain after ICH, and the present study examined the effects of aging on autophagy after ICH. Aged (18-22-month) and young (4-6-month) male Fischer rats received an intracerebral injection of 100-μL autologous whole blood.

Myeloid-specific deletion of the mineralocorticoid receptor reduces infarct volume and alters inflammation during cerebral ischemia.

Background And Purpose: mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists have protective effects in rodent models of ischemic stroke, but the cell type-specific actions of these drugs are unknown. In the present study, we examined the contribution of myeloid cell MR during focal cerebral ischemia using myeloid-specific MR knockout mice.

Methods: myeloid-specific MR knockout mice were subjected to transient (90 minutes) middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 24 hours reperfusion (n=5 to 7 per group).

Tumor-targeted inhibition by a novel strategy - mimoretrovirus expressing siRNA targeting the Pokemon gene.

Pokemon gene has crucial but versatile functions in cell differentiation, proliferation and tumorigenesis. It is a master regulator of the ARF-HDM2-p53 and Rb-E2F pathways. The facts that the expression of Pokemon is essential for tumor formation and many kinds of tumors over-express the Pokemon gene make it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention for cancer treatment.

Hemoglobin and iron handling in brain after subarachnoid hemorrhage and the effect of deferoxamine on early brain injury.

The purpose of this study was to investigate hemoglobin and iron handling after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), examine the relationship between iron and neuroglial cell changes, and determine whether deferoxamine (DFX) can reduce SAH-induced injury. The SAH was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats (n=110) using an endovascular perforation technique. Animals were treated with DFX (100 mg/kg) or vehicle 2 and 6 hours after SAH induction followed by every 12 hours for 3 days.

Brain alpha- and beta-globin expression after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Our recent study has demonstrated that hemoglobin (Hb) is present in cerebral neurons and neuronal Hb is inducible after cerebral ischemia. In the present study, we examined the effects of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) on the mRNA levels of the α-globin (HbA) and the β-globin (HbB) components of Hb and Hb protein in the brain in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, male Sprague-Dawley rats received either a needle insertion (sham) or an infusion of autologous whole blood into the basal ganglia and were killed at different time points.

Activated autophagy pathway in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Recent results have suggested a role for autophagy in acute brain injury but an involvement in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has not been investigated. Although, autophagy is a regulated process essential for cellular homeostasis, it may represent an additional type of cell death mechanism. This study employed a modified endovascular perforation rat model under guidance by intracranial pressure monitoring to investigate whether autophagy pathway is involved in the early brain injury following SAH.

Effects of cerebral ischemia on neuronal hemoglobin.

This study examined whether neuronal hemoglobin (Hb) is present in rats. It then examined whether cerebral ischemia or ischemic preconditioning (IPC) affects neuronal Hb levels in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to either 15 mins of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with 24 h of reperfusion, an IPC stimulus, or 24 h of permanent MCAO (pMCAO), or IPC followed 3 days later by 24 h of pMCAO.

Blockade of EphB2 enhances neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and improves neurological function after cerebral cortical infarction in hypertensive rats.

EphB2/ephrinBs has been recently demonstrated to regulate cell proliferation in the neurogenic subventricular zone (SVZ). However, little is known about the role of EphB2 in adult neurogenesis following cerebral infarction. In the present study, we investigated the role of EphB2 in proliferation and differentiation of precursor cells within the SVZ, as well as the neurological function recovery after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in hypertensive rats.

Identification of a common HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope among SSX family members by mimicking altered peptide ligands strategy.

The synovial sarcoma X breakpoint (SSX) gene family contains nine members. The SSX proteins are CT (cancer/testis) antigens and can be expressed in many tumor types. T cell immune response against SSX protein can be detected in tumor patients and mice expressing any SSX.

Autophagy after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage.

Autophagy contributes to ischemic brain injury, but it is not clear if autophagy occurs after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study examined whether ICH-induced cell death is partly autophagic. It then examined the role of iron in inducing this form of cell death after ICH.

Hyperbaric oxygen-induced attenuation of hemorrhagic transformation after experimental focal transient cerebral ischemia.

Background And Purpose: An increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation is a major factor limiting the use of tissue plasminogen activator for stroke. Increased hemorrhagic transformation is also found in animals undergoing transient focal cerebral ischemia with hyperglycemia; this study examined whether hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) could reduce such hemorrhagic transformation in a rat model.

Methods: Rats received an injection of 50% glucose (6 mL/kg intraperitoneally) and had a middle cerebral artery occlusion 10 minutes later.

Protective immunity elicited by a divalent DNA vaccine encoding both the L7/L12 and Omp16 genes of Brucella abortus in BALB/c mice.

This study was designed to evaluate the immunogenicity and the protective efficacy of a divalent fusion DNA vaccine encoding both the Brucella abortus L7/L12 protein (ribosomal protein) and Omp16 protein (outer membrane lipoprotein), designated pcDNA3.1-L7/L12-Omp16. Intramuscular injection of this divalent DNA vaccine into BALB/c mice elicited markedly both humoral and cellular immune responses.