Assessing post-COVID-19 respiratory dynamics: a comprehensive analysis of pulmonary function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and bronchodilator response.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a considerable impact on the global healthcare system. Individuals who have recovered from COVID often experience chronic respiratory symptoms that affect their daily lives. This study aimed to assess respiratory dynamics such as airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and bronchodilator response in post-COVID patients.

Constrictive pericarditis in a patient with fiberglass lung disease: a case report.

Background: Fiberglass has a larger aerodynamic diameter and is less likely to be inhaled into the lungs. Further, it will be cleared even if it is mechanically broken into smaller pieces and inhaled into the lungs. Fiberglass lung disease has been well documented if long term exposure but was thought reversible and would not cause severe diseases.

The level of discomfort during the use of different circuits of the mechanical ventilator.

Objectives: Endotracheal tube (ETT) intubation is a life-saving procedure in patients with respiratory failure. However, the presence of an ETT can cause significant discomfort. A tracheostomy tube is used to administer a mechanical ventilator, resulting in a more stable airway and fewer serious injuries.

Predictive role of neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratios for mortality in patients with COPD: Evidence from NHANES 2011-2018.

Background And Objective: This study evaluated the predictive roles of hematologic inflammatory biomarkers including neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR) for mortality in community-dwelling individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: This longitudinal study extracted data of adults 40-79 years who had physician-diagnosed COPD from the United States (US) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018. Cox regressions determined the associations between NPAR, NLR, ELR and their components, with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and mortality from chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD).

Evaluation of the relationship of tricuspid regurgitation peak gradient/tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion to exercise capacity, cardiac index, and ventilatory function during exercise in patients with COPD.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often causes cardiopulmonary dysfunction, which deteriorates exercise capacity. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and echocardiography are common tools for evaluating cardiovascular function. No studies have analyzed the correlation between echocardiography-derived parameters and cardiopulmonary response during exercise.

Impact of bisoprolol and amlodipine on cardiopulmonary responses and symptoms during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often have exercise intolerance. The prevalence of hypertension in COPD patients ranges from 39-51%, and β-blockers and amlodipine are commonly used drugs for these patients.

Objectives: We aimed to study the impact of β-blockers and amlodipine on cardiopulmonary responses during exercise.

Early pulmonary rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients in an isolation ward and intensive care unit.

When patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are hospitalized, the limited space for activity, disease itself causes fever, muscle aches, fatigue, respiratory failure with mechanical ventilation, or medications such as steroids or neuromuscular blocking can cause muscle dysfunction. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) should be arranged for these patients with COVID-19. However, the literature on early PR within 1 week of admission on patients with COVID-19 are limited.

Clptm1, a new target in suppressing epileptic seizure by regulating GABA R-mediated inhibitory synaptic transmission in a PTZ-induced epilepsy model.

Disruption of gamma-amino butyric acid type A receptors (GABA Rs) synaptic clustering and a decrease in the number of GABA Rs in the plasma membrane are thought to contribute to alteration of the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, which promotes seizure induction and propagation. The multipass transmembrane protein cleft lip and palate transmembrane protein 1 (Clptm1) controls the forward trafficking of GABA R, thus decaying miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC) of inhibitory synapses. In this study, using a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epilepsy rat model, we found that Clptm1 regulates epileptic seizures by modulating GABA R-mediated inhibitory synaptic transmission.

Co-existing obstructive sleep apnea reduces Nuss surgery efficacy in pectus excavatum.

Nuss surgery is effective in correcting pectus excavatum (PE), with a recurrence rate of 1.2-27%. Re-do surgery is successful but still has a 6% failure rate.

Transcriptome analysis in patients with asthma after inhaled combination therapy with long-acting β2-agonists and corticosteroids.

Asthma is one of the major public health problems that imposes a great burden on societal, financial, and healthcare around the world. Asthma poorly affects the health-related quality of life and daily activities of patients. Treatment of asthma, including inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs), mainly aims to improve the lung function and reduce symptoms and exacerbations.

Factors and Outcomes Associated with Failed Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure.

Background: The decision guild for non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) application in acute respiratory failure (ARF) patients still needs to work out.

Methods: Adult patients with acute hypoxemic or hypercapnic respiratory failure were recruited and treated with NPPV or primary invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Patients' characteristic and clinical outcomes were recorded.

Review of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors administration to non-small-cell lung cancer patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) causes significant mortality worldwide. Patients with chronic renal failure have an increased risk of developing lung cancer. NSCLC Patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis (HD) often exhibit poor performance, and chemotherapy is generally contraindicated.

Comparison of T790M Acquisition After Treatment With First- and Second-Generation Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma is a common disease with a high mortality rate. Epidermal growth factor receptor () mutations are found in adenocarcinomas, and oral EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) show good responses. EGFR-TKI therapy eventually results in resistance, with the most common being T790M.

Deciphering the role of damage-associated molecular patterns and inflammatory responses in acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and causes great mortality. ALI presents with overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, cell death, destruction of alveoli-endothelial barriers, and neutrophil infiltration in lung tissues. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are molecules released from damaged cells due to infection, trauma, etc.

Combination treatment with 30% salicylic acid and fractional CO laser for acne scars: A 20-week prospective, randomized, split-face study.

Multiple approaches are used to treat acne scars, but some are expensive, ineffective, and cause complications. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultra-pulsed CO fractional laser combined with 30% supramolecular salicylic acid in the treatment of acne scars in a prospective split-face control study. Twenty patients with facial symmetrical acne scars were enrolled.

Progression of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Pediatric Patients with Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is one of the most common comorbidities in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and causes significant consequences. This observational study was conducted to investigate the progression of OSAS in pediatric patients with PWS, who had not undergone upper airway surgery, through a longitudinal follow-up of their annual polysomnography results. Annual body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, sleep efficiency and stages, central apnea index (CAI), obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI), and oxygen saturation nadir values were longitudinally analyzed.

Associations Between Physical Activity, Smoking Status, and Airflow Obstruction and Self-Reported COPD: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease with an increased mortality rate in recent years, mainly caused by exposure to tobacco smoke. Regular physical activity is thought to diminish the risk of COPD exacerbation, while very few studies investigate the interaction between smoking and physical activity on COPD development. This study aims to investigate the association between smoking status, physical activity and prevalent COPD.

Autonomic nervous system dysregulation in response to postural change in patients with pectus excavatum in Taiwan: a pilot study.

Background: Pectus excavatum (PE) negatively impacts psychological function, but its effect on autonomic nervous system (ANS) function has not been investigated. We evaluated ANS function following postural changes in patients with PE.

Methods: The participants were 14 healthy men (control group) and 20 men with PE (study group).

Different Responses to Pulmonary Rehabilitation in COPD Patients with Different Work Efficiencies.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often involves the cardiopulmonary dysfunction that deteriorates health-related quality of life (HRQL) and exercise capacity. Work efficiency (WE) indicates the efficiency of overall oxygen consumption (VO) during exercise. This study investigated whether different WEs have different effects on pulmonary rehabilitation (PR).

The roles of sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter isoform-1 in acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is often characterized by severe lung inflammation and pulmonary edema with poor gas exchange and hypoxemia. Alveolar inflammation and water flooding are, in fact, notable features of ALI pathogenesis. The sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter isoform 1 (NKCC1), localized at the basolateral surface of the lung epithelium, drives water transport via back transport of Na and Cl to the alveolar air space.

pneumonia presenting as a solitary pulmonary granuloma due to unclean continuous positive airway pressure equipment: a case report.

Unlabelled: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy can spread infections if the equipment is not cleaned properly. We report a case of pneumonia likely spread by unclean CPAP equipment and accessories. A 48-year-old man with severe obstructive sleep apnea was using CPAP equipment that had never been cleaned for 5 years.

Clinical application of 222 nm wavelength ultraviolet C irradiation on SARS CoV-2 contaminated environments.

This was a preliminary study on ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation for SARS-CoV-2-contaminated hospital environments. Forty-eight locations were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-PCR (33.3% contamination rate).