Kushenol A and 8-prenylkaempferol, tyrosinase inhibitors, derived from Sophora flavescens.

Tyrosinase is known for an enzyme that plays a key role in producing the initial precursor of melanin biosynthesis. Inhibition of the catalytic reaction of this enzyme led to some advantage such as skin-whitening and anti-insect agents. To find a natural compound with inhibitory activity towards tyrosinase, the five flavonoids of kushenol A (1), 8-prenylkaempferol (2), kushenol C (3), formononetin (4) and 8-prenylnaringenin (5) were isolated by column chromatography from a 95% methanol extract of Sophora flavescens.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Lupinalbin A Isolated from Apios americana on Lipopolysaccharide-Treated RAW264.7 Cells.

a leguminous plant, is used as food in some countries. Although the biological activities of extract have been reported, there have been no reports about the anti-inflammatory mechanism of lupinalbin A on the RAW264.7 cells.

Cytoprotective dihydronaphthalenones from the wood of Catalpa ovata.

Three previously undescribed dihydronaphthalenones, 7-hydroxycatalponol, (4S)-3,4-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutylidene]naphthalen-1(2H)-one, and (6S)-5,6-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-benzo[h]chromen-4(3H)-one and one phthalide, (±)-3-(5-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-oxohex-3-en-1-yl)isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one, were isolated from the wood of Catalpa ovata G. Don (Bignoniaceae), together with six known compounds. The structures of the previously undescribed compounds were elucidated by interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR data.

Isoegomaketone Upregulates Heme Oxygenase-1 in RAW264.7 Cells via ROS/p38 MAPK/Nrf2 Pathway.

Isoegomaketone (IK) was isolated from Perilla frutescens, which has been widely used as a food in Asian cuisine, and evaluated for its biological activity. We have already confirmed that IK induced the HO-1 expression via Nrf2 activation in RAW264.7 cells.

Intracellular reprogramming of expression, glycosylation, and function of a plant-derived antiviral therapeutic monoclonal antibody.

Plant genetic engineering, which has led to the production of plant-derived monoclonal antibodies (mAb(P)s), provides a safe and economically effective alternative to conventional antibody expression methods. In this study, the expression levels and biological properties of the anti-rabies virus mAb(P) SO57 with or without an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-retention peptide signal (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu; KDEL) in transgenic tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) were analyzed. The expression levels of mAb(P) SO57 with KDEL (mAb(P)K) were significantly higher than those of mAb(P) SO57 without KDEL (mAb(P)) regardless of the transcription level.

Optimization of expression conditions for production of anti-colorectal cancer monoclonal antibody CO17-1A in baculovirus-insect cell system.

The baculovirus-insect cell system is considered a feasible expression system for recombinant glycoprotein production due to its several advantages, including high capacity, flexibility, and glycosylation capability. However, accurate titering of the recombinant baculovirus is required to ensure high expression in insect cells using a commercial and expensive immunoassay titer kit in which the envelope glycoprotein of the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV)-type baculovirus is detected by anti-envelope glycoprotein antibody and a secondary antibody conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). In this study, conditions for the expression of the CO17-1A immunotherapeutic monoclonal antibody (MAb) against colorectal cancer cells in a baculovirus system were optimized without using a commercial titering kit.