First-line cadonilimab plus chemotherapy in HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy have been the standard of care in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma; however, the survival benefits are modest in patients with low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Here we investigated the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (PD-1/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) bispecific antibody) plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. The prespecified interim analysis is reported here.

Self-gripping versus polypropylene mesh for incisional hernia repair in a rat model.

Background: Self-gripping mesh, made of monofilament polypropylene and covered by a layer of polylactic acid micro-hooks, is applied in ventral hernia repair, whereas cytological change and collagen expression around the mesh are rarely reported. The objective of this research was to compare inflammatory response and collagen proliferation between self-gripping and polypropylene mesh in rat model of incisional hernia.

Methods: Forty-five rats were randomly divided into unrepaired (UR) group, polypropylene (PP) mesh group, and self-gripping (SG) mesh group and euthanized at 1, 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively.

Optimising Luteinising Hormone Levels on Trigger Day for Improved Ovarian Response and Pregnancy Outcomes in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonist Protocols: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To determine the optimal luteinising hormone (LH) level on the trigger day and its impact on pregnancy outcomes in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocols using a data-driven approach.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.

Assessing the causality between pulmonary arterial hypertension and cancer: insights from Mendelian randomization.

Background: Previous clinical studies have suggested an increased risk of tumor development in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, it remains unclear whether there is a causal relationship between PAH and tumor occurrence. This study investigates the causal link between PAH and cancer from a genetic perspective using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Densely distributed Co onto carbon-layer-coated flower-like Ni/AlO and its tailored integration into a stirrer for multiple catalytic degradation and solar-powered water evaporation.

Multiple functional tailored materials have shown great potential for both pollutant degradation and freshwater recovery. In this study, we synthesized densely distributed Co onto carbon-layer-coated Ni/AlO hydrangea composites (Ni/AlO@Co) the polymerization of dopamine under a controlled graphitized process. The characterization results revealed that Ni/AlO@Co, with abundant exposed bimetallic Co-Ni species on the surface of AlO, could afford accessible catalytic sites for persulphate activation and subsequent pollutant degradation.

Mechanisms and therapeutic targets of mitochondria in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) includes liver disease processes from simple fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which may progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As the incidence of HCC derived from viral hepatitis decreases, MASLD has emerged as a significant health threat, driven by lifestyle changes and rising obesity rates among patients. The pathogenesis of MASLD is complex, involving factors such as insulin resistance, gut microbiota imbalance, and genetic and epigenetic factors.

CoP electrocatalysts embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon as a host toward fast iodine conversions.

Herein, well-dispersed cobalt phosphide (CoP) electrocatalysts embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon (CoP@NC) were developed as an iodine host for zinc iodine batteries. Benefiting from the high electrical conductivity of the carbon matrix and the strong interaction as well as the efficient electrocatalytic activity of CoP with iodine species, the host achieved rapid iodine conversion while effectively suppressing the formation of polyiodides and zinc dendrites.

Eugenol Nanoparticles Ameliorate Doxorubicin-Induced Spermatogenic Dysfunction by Inhibiting the PINK1/Parkin and BNIP3/NIX Signaling Pathways.

Purpose: Doxorubicin (DOX) precipitates cell apoptosis in testicular tissues, and it is imperative to develop drugs to alleviate the spermatogenic disorders it causes. Thunb is often used to treat male sexual disorders. Eugenol, a major component of Thunb.

Deoxygenative Reduction of 1°, 2° and 3° Amides via Generated Tungsten Cluster Acting as H-Bonding Donor.

A protocol of amide-to-amine transformation that is convenient, mild, and easy to perform is a long-sought goal from the viewpoint of catalysis. Herein, we have utilized easily accessible W(CO)(NCMe) as a precatalyst for the deoxygenative reduction of 1°, 2° and 3° amides under mild conditions. Mechanism studies unraveled that the generated is potentially a vital species in activating C═O of amides by providing the H-bonding network during the catalytic cycle.

Bibliometric analysis of youth myocardial infarction research (1980-2023).

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases include myocardial infarction, a high mortality disease. Myocardial infarction patients are becoming younger, typically defined as patients under 45 years of age. This study analyzes the relevant papers on myocardial infarction in youth in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) between 1980 and 2023.

Harnessing Janus structures: enhanced internal electric fields in CN for improved H photocatalysis.

Homojunction engineering holds promise for creating high-performance photocatalysts, yet significant challenges persist in establishing and modulating an effective junction interface. To tackle this, we designed and constructed a novel Janus homojunction photocatalyst by integrating two different forms of triazole-based carbon nitride (CN). In this design, super-sized, ultrathin nanosheets of carbon-rich CN grow epitaxially on a nitrogen-rich honeycomb network of CN, creating a tightly bound and extensive interfacial contact area.

The potential role of the SIRT1-Nrf2 signaling pathway in alleviating hidden hearing loss via antioxidant stress.

Hidden hearing loss (HHL) is characterized by normal audiometric thresholds but impaired auditory function, particularly in noisy environments. In vivo, we employed auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing and ribbon synapses counting to assess changes in mouse hearing function, and observed the morphology of hair cells through scanning electron microscopy. SRT1720 was administered to the cochlea via round window injection.

Paenibacillus oenotherae W2-3 degraded Welan gum to produce growth-promoting oligosaccharides.

Based on the biodegradation of Welan gum, this paper studies the properties of Welan gum degrading enzymes, degradation rules, and the application of Welan gum oligosaccharides. In order to study the biodegradation of Welan gum, a strain W2-3 capable of degrading Welan gum, was isolated from soil and identified as Paenibacillus sp. The properties of Welan gum degrading enzymes, degradation rules, and the application of Welan gum oligosaccharides were studied.

The bioactive constituents from the fruits of Elaeagnus angustifolia L.

Multiple spectroscopic, chromatographic, and chemical reaction methods were combined to investigate the chemical components in the fruits of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. As results, thirty-two compounds were obtained from it as natural products. Six of them, elangphenosides A (1), B (2), C (3) and D (4), elangmegastigmanoside A (5), and elangorganic acid A (6) were retrieved by Scifinder as previously undescribed ones.

NLRP12/C1qA positive feedback in tumor-associated macrophages regulates immunosuppression through LILRB4/NF-κB pathway in lung adenocarcinoma.

The anti-tumor immune response is greatly hindered by the protumor polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Cancer-related inflammation plays a central role in TAMs protumor polarization. Our study explored the unique positive feedback loop between inflammasome and complement in TAMs.

Host-derived alleviates hyperuricemia by improving gut microbial community and hydrolase-mediated degradation of purine nucleosides.

The gut microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout. However, it remains unclear whether probiotics residing in the host gut, such as , can prevent HUA development. Herein, we isolated SQ001 from the cecum of HUA geese and conducted in vitro assays on uric acid (UA) and nucleoside co-culture.

A quantitative model using multi-parameters in dual-energy CT to preoperatively predict serosal invasion in locally advanced gastric cancer.

Objectives: To develop and validate a quantitative model for predicting serosal invasion based on multi-parameters in preoperative dual-energy CT (DECT).

Materials And Methods: A total of 342 LAGC patients who underwent gastrectomy and DECT from six centers were divided into one training cohort (TC), and two validation cohorts (VCs). Dual-phase enhanced DECT-derived iodine concentration (IC), water concentration, and monochromatic attenuation of lesions, along with clinical information, were measured and collected.

Highly selective synthesis of selenium-containing ()--propenolquinazolinones FeCl-mediated cascade reaction of propargyl quinazoline-4-yl ethers with diselenides.

An effective approach for the highly selective synthesis of selenium-containing ()--propenolquinazolinones an FeCl·6HO mediated cascade reaction of propargyl quinazoline-4-yl ethers and diselenides has been developed. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the reaction of FeCl and (PhSe) generates, , the electrophilic species PhSe[FeCl]·6HO, which triggers the cascade reaction.

Esophagojejunostomy using a circular stapler vs. a linear stapler for gastric cardia cancer patients: impact of upper margin length and tumor size on the survival rate.

Background: The incidence of gastric cancer is concomitantly rising with gastric cardia cancer worldwide. While the improvement of gastric cancer surgical techniques is glowing, this study assesses the impact of the upper margin length and tumor size on the survival rate for gastric cardia cancer patients who underwent total laparoscopic total gastrectomy(TLTG) or laparoscopic assisted total gastrectomy(LATG).

Materials And Methods: A total of 63 patients with gastric cardia cancer who underwent laparoscopic total gastrectomy were retro-prospectively collected from January 2021 to May 2023.

Boron-doped carbon dots with time-resolved room temperature phosphorescence for detection of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and information encryption applications.

Novel boron-doped carbon dots (BCDs) with extended afterglow characteristics were synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method using acrylamide, sulfosalicylic acid, and sodium tetraborate as protective matrices. The presence of boron from sodium tetraborate introduced an empty orbital, allowing it to form a more extended conjugated system with adjacent oxygen atoms, thereby lowering the energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital in the system. The phosphorescence emission of these BCDs exhibits a red shift over time from 450 to 500 nm.

Creating Spin Channels in SrCoO through Trigonal-to-Cubic Structural Transformation for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution/Reduction Reactions.

Oxygen evolution and reduction reactions (OER and ORR) play crucial roles in energy conversion processes such as water splitting and air batteries, where spin dynamics inherently influence their efficiency. However, the specific contribution of spin has yet to be fully understood. In this study, we intentionally introduce a spin channel through the transformation of trigonal antiferromagnetic SrCoO into cubic ferromagnetic SrCoO, aiming to deepen our understanding of spin dynamics in catalytic reactions.

Icariin-loaded chitosan/β-glycerophosphate thermosensitive hydrogel enhanced infection control and bone regeneration in canine with infectious bone defects.

Faced with infectious bone defects, the development of a thermosensitive hydrogel containing icariin (ICA) represents a promising therapeutic strategy targeting infection control and bone regeneration. In this study, we prepared and evaluated the physicochemical properties, in vitro and in vivo drug release, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory properties, and bone repair effects of ICA/Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate (ICA/CTS/β-GP) thermosensitive hydrogel. Our findings demonstrate that the ICA/CTS/β-GP thermosensitive hydrogel undergoes a liquid-to-gel transition at body temperature, which is crucial for maintaining local drug release at the defect site.