Switching the selectivity of the photoreduction reaction of carbon dioxide by controlling the band structure of a g-C3N4 photocatalyst.

The selectivity of the CO2 photoreduction reaction in the presence of water vapour can be modulated by the band structure of a g-C3N4 photocatalyst. The major products obtained using bulk g-C3N4 with a bandgap of 2.77 eV and g-C3N4 nanosheets with a bandgap of 2.

[Effect of diets with different fat levels on the body size and development of Lucilia sericata].

Objective: To observe the effect of diets with different fat levels on the body size and development of Lucilia sericata.

Methods: Under the constant temperature of 28 degrees C, the larvae were reared on the diets containing 0% (G0), 10% (G1), 30% (G3), 50% (G5) and 80% (G8) fat tissues (fat/muscle ratio), respectively. Length and weight of larvae and pupae were measured at 12 h interval since 16 h after eclosion.

Interfacing whispering gallery mode optical microresonator biosensors with the plant defense elicitor chitin.

The biomaterial class of chitooligosaccharides (chitin), commonly found in insects and fungi, is one of the most abundant on earth. Substantial evidence implicates chitin in mediating a diverse array of plant cellular signaling events, including the induction of plant defense mechanisms against invading pests. However, these recognition and mediation mechanisms, including the binding kinetics between chitin and their plant recognition receptors, are not fully understood.

A Dosimetric Analysis of Preoperative Intensity-modulated and Image-guided Radiation Therapy with and without Simultaneous Integrated Boost for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Preoperative concurrent chemoradiation, total mesorectal excision and adjuvant chemotherapy have become the standard of care for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Several studies have reported increased pathologic complete response rates and improved locoregional control with escalating doses of preoperative radiotherapy. In this study, we assess the dosimetric feasibility and impact of intensity-modulated and image-guided radiation therapy (IMRT-IGRT) with a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) in preoperative chemoradiation for LARC.

Removal of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in rural wastewater by an integrated constructed wetland.

Integrated constructed wetlands (ICWs) are regarded as one of the most important removal technology for pollutants in rural domestic wastewaters. This study investigated the efficiency of an ICW consisting of a regulating pool, four surface and subsurface flow-constructed wetlands, and a stabilization unit for removing antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from rural domestic wastewaters. The results showed that antibiotics leucomycin, ofloxacin, lincomycin, and sulfamethazine, and ARGs sul1, sul2, tetM, and tetO were the predominant antibiotics and ARGs in the influent, respectively.

Thin-film barrier performance of zirconium oxide using the low-temperature atomic layer deposition method.

In this study, ZrO2 films deposited by the atomic layer deposition method, as the encapsulation layer for organic electronics devices, were characterized. Both the effects of tetrakis (dimethylamido) zirconium(IV) growth temperature and oxidants, such as water (H2O) and ozone (O3), were investigated. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows the amorphous characteristic of the 80-nm-thick films grown at 80 °C, the crystallinity of the films was much lower than those grown at 140 and 200 °C.

An integrated approach of topology optimized design and selective laser melting process for titanium implants materials.

The load-bearing bone implants materials should have sufficient stiffness and large porosity, which are interacted since larger porosity causes lower mechanical properties. This paper is to seek the maximum stiffness architecture with the constraint of specific volume fraction by topology optimization approach, that is, maximum porosity can be achieved with predefine stiffness properties. The effective elastic modulus of conventional cubic and topology optimized scaffolds were calculated using finite element analysis (FEA) method; also, some specimens with different porosities of 41.

Advances in nanopore sequencing technology.

Much tremendous break through have been obtained in recent years for nanopore sequencing to achieve the goal of $1000 genome. As a method of single molecule sequencing, nanopore sequencing can discriminate the individual molecules of the target DNA strand rapidly due to the current blockages by translocating the nucleotides through a nano-scale pore. Both the protein-pores and solid-state nanopore channels which called single nanopore sequencing have been studied widely for the application of nanopore sequencing technology.

Fabrication of monodisperse hollow silica spheres and effect on water vapor permeability of polyacrylate membrane.

Polystyrene/silica core-shell spheres were fabricated using polystyrene as templates by hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate through a sol-gel process, in which polystyrene was synthesized by emulsion polymerization. Then, hollow silica spheres were obtained after selective removal of the organic polystyrene core from the polystyrene/silica core-shell spheres by tetrahydrofuran etching. The effect of hollow silica spheres on water vapor permeability, mechanical property, and water uptake of polyacrylate membrane were investigated.

Graphene quantum dots/gold electrode and its application in living cell H2O2 detection.

Due to the high peroxidase-like activity and small lateral size of graphene quantum dots (GQDs), the covalently assembled GQDs/Au electrode exhibits great performance and stability in H(2)O(2) detection. It is better or comparable to some enzyme-immobilized electrodes, and thus could be useful in sensing H(2)O(2) changes in biological systems.

[Impact of early enteral nutrition on the intestinal motility of patients after esophagectomy].

Objective: To assess the impact of early enteral nutrition (EN) on the intestinal motility of patients after esophagectomy.

Methods: Thirty-five consecutive patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer by a single surgical team from the Peking University Cancer Hospital from June 2011 to July 2011 were enrolled. Patients were randomly divided into EN group (n=20) and parenteral nutrition group (control group, n=15) within 24 h after esophagectomy procedure.

Photo-Fenton reaction of graphene oxide: a new strategy to prepare graphene quantum dots for DNA cleavage.

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are great promising in various applications owing to the quantum confinement and edge effects in addition to their intrinsic properties of graphene, but the preparation of the GQDs in bulk scale is challenging. We demonstrated in this work that the micrometer sized graphene oxide (GO) sheets could react with Fenton reagent (Fe(2+)/Fe(3+)/H(2)O(2)) efficiently under an UV irradiation, and, as a result, the GQDs with periphery carboxylic groups could be generated with mass scale production. Through a variety of techniques including atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, gas chromatography, ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and total organic carbon measurement, the mechanism of the photo-Fenton reaction of GO was elucidated.

Comprehensive assessment of heavy metal contamination in sediment of the Pearl River Estuary and adjacent shelf.

Total metal concentrations (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb), acid volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metals (AVS-SEM), and heavy metal fractionation were used to assess the heavy metals contamination status and ecological risk in the sediments of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and adjacent shelf. Elevated concentrations at estuarine sites and lower concentrations at adjacent shelf sites are observed, especially for Cu and Zn. Within the PRE, the concentration of heavy metals in the western shore was mostly higher than that in the middle shore.

Establishment of a blunt impact-induced brain injury model in rabbits.

Objective: To establish an animal model to replicate the blunt impact brain injury in forensic medicine.

Methods: Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into control group (n equal to 4), minor injury group (n equal to 10) and severe injury group (n equal to 10). Based on the BIM-II Horizontal Bio-impact Machine, self-designed iron bar was used to produce blunt brain injury.

[Inheritance mechnisam of gene SNCA for alcohol dependence].

SNCA gene is located in a quantitative trait locus for alcohol preference. Alpha-synuclein coded by SNCA gene can regulate the function of dopamine in multiple levels, and dopamine is an important neurotransmitter in alcohol preference. Variation has been found in SNCA gene carried by alcohol-dependent patients.

Effect of pH on aqueous Se(IV) reduction by pyrite.

Interaction of aqueous Se(IV) with pyrite was investigated using persistently stirred batch reactors under O2-free (<1 ppm) conditions at pH ranging from 4.5 to 6.6.

[Progress of isolation and purification of pancreatic islets].

Objective: To review the general approaches in isolation and purification of pancreatic islets and progress in several aspects.

Methods: The latest literature concerning acquisition of pancreatic islets was reviewed and analyzed in terms of the choice of pancreatic islet donors, the digestion and isolation of pancreas, the purification of islet and the assay of outcome.

Results: The profile of the isolation and purification depends on the selection of reagents and methods of operation in every step and linkup between every step.

[Research on direct forming of comminuted fracture surgery orienting model by selective laser melting].

In order to simplify the distal femoral comminuted fracture surgery and improve the accuracy of the parts to be reset, a kind of surgery orienting model for the surgery operation was designed according to the scanning data of computer tomography and the three-dimensional reconstruction image. With the use of DiMetal-280 selective laser melting rapid prototyping system, the surgery orienting model of 316L stainless steel was made through orthogonal experiment for processing parameter optimization. The technology of direct manufacturing of surgery orienting model by selective laser melting was noted to have obvious superiority with high speed, precise profile and good accuracy in size when compared with the conventional one.

Heavy metals associated with reduced sulfur in sediments from different deposition environments in the Pearl River estuary, China.

Distribution of acid volatile sulfur (AVS) and the simultaneously extracted metals (SEM: Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni) in sediment profiles has been studied at five sites in Pearl River estuary, China. Of the five sampling locations, Nos.1 and 2 are in the middle shoal, Nos.