SIRT7 remodels the cytoskeleton RAC1 to enhance host resistance to .

Phagocytosis of () followed by its integration into the matured lysosome is critical in the host defense against tuberculosis. How escapes this immune attack remains elusive. In this study, we unveiled a novel regulatory mechanism by which SIRT7 regulates cytoskeletal remodeling by modulating RAC1 activation.

Myriocin enhances the clearance of by macrophages through the activation of PLIN2.

Myriocin is an inhibitor of synthesis of sphingolipids and ceramides. In this research, we showed myriocin could significantly reduce Mtb burden and histopathological inflammation in mice. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Iguratimod Alleviates Experimental Sjögren's Syndrome by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.

Iguratimod (T-614) is a compound widely used as anti-rheumatic drug. This study investigated the effect and underlying mechanism of T-614 on experimental Sjögren's syndrome (ESS). ESS mice model was established by injection of submandibular gland protein.

Efficacy of bioactive compounds of Chaihu () on glaucomatous optic atrophy through interleukin-6/hypoxia inducible factor-1α signal pathway.

Objective: To investigate the bioactive compounds of Chaihu () (RB) on glaucomatous optic atrophy (GOA), and to study the pharmacological mechanism.

Methods: We collected information on the bioactive compounds of RB from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Targets related to bioactive compounds and GOA were also obtained.

Novel multi-component crystals of berberine with improved pharmaceutical properties.

As an extremely popular natural product, berberine (BER) is mainly used for gastroenteritis and diarrhoea caused by bacteria. Research has also revealed the potent and extensive pharmacological properties of BER including its anti-arrhythmic, anti-tumour, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities and so on; therefore, BER is a promising drug for further development. However, its commercial form with hydrochloride exhibits poor stability and solubility, which are detrimental to its clinical therapeutic effects.

The activation of M muscarinic receptor reverses liver injuryvia the Sp1/lncRNA Gm2199/miR-212 axis.

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (MRs) play important roles in the regulation of hepatic fibrosis and the receptor agonists and antagonists can affect hepatocyte proliferation. However, little is known about the impact of M R subtypes and associated signaling pathways on liver injury. The aim of this study is to explore the function and mechanism of M R in the regulation of liver injury.

Seeing Global Motion in a Random Dot Image Sequence.

In a stimulus with multiple moving elements, an observer may perceive that the whole stimulus moves in unison if (a) one can associate an element in one frame with one in the next (correspondence) and (b) a sufficient proportion of correspondences signal a similar motion direction (coherence). We tested the necessity of these two conditions by asking the participants to rate the perceived intensity of linear, concentric, and radial motions for three types of stimuli: (a) , in which the direction of each dot was randomly determined for each frame, (b) , which was a set of uncorrelated random dot images presented in sequence, and (c) , in which 35% of dots moved coherently. The participants perceived global motion not only in the global motion conditions but also in the random image sequences, though not in random walk motion.

RETRACTED: Notoginsenoside R1 suppresses miR-301a via NF-κB pathway in lipopolysaccharide-treated ATDC5 cells.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).

Efficacy of wIRA in the treatment of sacroiliitis in male patients with ankylosing spondylitis and its effect on serum VEGF levels.

Background: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of water-filtered infrared A (wIRA) in sacroiliitis in male patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the effect of wIRA therapy on serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

Methods: One hundred twenty male AS patients with active sacroiliitis were randomly divided into wIRA group and control group. wIRA treatment was performed twice daily for 5 consecutive days with 24-h interval before switching the treatment (crossover design).

miR-145 eliminates lipopolysaccharides-induced inflammatory injury in human fibroblast-like synoviocyte MH7A cells.

Recently, it has been accepted that miR-based therapy may be beneficial for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to evaluate the potential involvement of miR-145 in RA in vitro. The expression of miR-145 in the human fibroblast-like synoviocyte line MH7A was overexpressed by miR-mimic transfection, after which cells were subjected to lipopolysaccharides (LPS).

Down-Regulation of MiR-150 Alleviates Inflammatory Injury Induced by Interleukin 1 via Targeting Kruppel-Like Factor 2 in Human Chondrogenic Cells.

Background/aims: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is known to be involved in cartilage degeneration following joint injury or due to osteoarthritis. In the present study, we explored the effects of miR-150 on IL-1-stimulated human chondrogenic cells ATDC5.

Methods: ATDC5 cells were transfected with the mimic, inhibitor or negative controls specific for miR-150, and subsequently treated by IL-1.

RETRACTED: Astragaloside IV reduces the hypoxia-induced injury in PC-12 cells by inhibiting expression of miR-124.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).

Long non-coding RNA Gm2199 rescues liver injury and promotes hepatocyte proliferation through the upregulation of ERK1/2.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of regulators of various human diseases. This study was designed to explore the potential role of lncRNAs in experimental hepatic damage. In vivo hepatic damage in mice and in vitro hepatocyte damage in AML12 and NCTC1469 cells were induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl) treatments.

Baicalin alleviates IL-1β-induced inflammatory injury via down-regulating miR-126 in chondrocytes.

Baicalin is a flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. The objective of this study was to explore the effect and mechanism of baicalin on chondrocyte inflammatory response in OA. Different concentrations of IL-1β (0, 0.