Publications by authors named "Yang Xiaoxiao"

Carbohydrates are biologically and medicinally important molecules that are attracting growing attention to their synthesis and applications. Unlike the biosynthetic processes for nucleic acids and proteins, carbohydrate biosynthesis is not template-driven, more challenging, and often leads to product variations. In lieu of templates for carbohydrate biosynthesis, we describe herein a new concept of designing enzyme assembly synthetic maps (EASyMaps) as blueprints to guide glycosyltransferase-dependent stepwise one-pot multienzyme (StOPMe) synthesis to systematically access structurally diverse carbohydrates in a target-oriented manner.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Factor XIa (FXIa) has emerged as a promising target for novel anticoagulant development since inhibiting it can reduce thrombosis without significant bleeding risks. Despite a few FXIa inhibitors entering clinical trials, none have been approved for the market yet. Here, we present highly selective and orally bioavailable FXIa inhibitors derived from compound 1, 4-(5-chloro-2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)phenyl)-5-methoxypyridin-2(1H)-one.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Pneumonia is one of the most common complications after lung resection. However, there are currently no reports of postoperative pneumonia in patients with bronchiectasis.

Objectives: Our study aims to construct a new nomogram to predict the risk of postoperative pneumonia in patients with localized bronchiectasis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment option, yet TNBC frequently develops resistance, leading to relapse and metastasis. Emerging evidence highlights the potential of combining DNA methylation inhibitors with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims: Lycopene (LYC) is a dietary nutrient that plays a protective role in various cardiovascular diseases. Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity is an important cause of poor prognosis in many cancer patients treated with anthracyclines. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of LYC against DOX-induced heart failure (HF) and specific underlying mechanisms.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Inflammation is a pathology implicated in a wide range of human diseases. Recent years have seen tremendous progress in developing new types of anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of inflammation of various origins. However, each has its own strengths and weaknesses.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The article provides an overview of the current understanding of the interplay between metabolic pathways and immune function in the context of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). It highlights recent advancements in single-cell and spatial transcriptomics technologies, which have revolutionized the analysis of tumor heterogeneity and the immune microenvironment in TNBC. The review emphasizes the crucial role of metabolic reprogramming in modulating immune cell function, discussing how specific metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, can directly impact the activity and phenotypes of various immune cell populations within the TNBC tumor microenvironment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome (IVCS) is a common risk factor for deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities. The objective of this study was to investigate whether employing a porous medium model to simulate the compressed region of an iliac vein could improve the reliability and accuracy of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis outcomes of IVCS. Pre-operative Computed Tomography (CT) scan images of patients with IVCS were utilized to reconstruct models illustrating both the compression and collateral circulation of the iliac vein.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a widespread and deadly form of cancer. Prostaglandin 15-deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. However, it is unclear whether this effect on LUAD progression stems from its ability to influence macrophage polarization.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype transformation significantly contributes to vascular intimal hyperplasia. However, effective preventive and therapeutic measures are lacking. Colchicine, a binary alkaloid derived from Colchicum autumnale, is traditionally used for treating inflammatory diseases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A multicomponent heterogeneous semiconductor photocatalytic sulfinylsulfonylation of alkenes with alkyl iodides and SO was displayed under mild metal-free conditions by using boron carbonitride (BCN) as the alternative photocatalyst. This approach has resulted in the production of a wide range of structurally diverse sultine products in moderate to high yields, using readily available starting materials including alkyl iodides and olefins with broad functional group tolerance. The method is also suitable for the late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S5 (MRPS5) is abnormally expressed in various tumor tissues and may be a key molecule for the regulation of tumors. Our aim is to investigate the relationship between the expression of MRPS5 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and the prognosis of patients. MRPS5 expression in fresh tumoral tissues and peritumoral tissues of patients with ccRCC was examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining, respectively.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Carbon monoxide (CO) is endogenously produced with a range of pharmacological activities. Sensitive and selective detection of CO is critical to studying its biology. Since the first report of a CO fluorescent probe in 2012, more than 100 papers on this topic have appeared.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Endothelial cells help control blood pressure by producing factors that either relax or contract blood vessels, and METTL3 is a key enzyme involved in this regulation, particularly in relation to atherosclerosis.
  • Researchers studied mice lacking METTL3 in endothelial cells and found that these mice had higher blood pressure, indicating that METTL3 is important for maintaining normal BP levels.
  • The study concluded that METTL3 helps lower hypertension by stabilizing RUNX1b mRNA through a specific chemical modification (m6A), which ultimately increases the production of eNOS, a crucial enzyme for blood vessel relaxation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) have been proposed as a potential alternative in alleviating chromium (Cr) toxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying remains poorly understood. This study investigates the effects of CSNPs on carbon/nitrogen metabolism, cell wall Cr binding capacity, and antioxidant activity in Zea mays L.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

TGF-β stimulates CCN2 expression which in turn amplifies TGF-β signaling. This process promotes extracellular matrix production and accelerates the pathological progression of fibrotic diseases. Alternative splicing plays an important role in multiple disease development, while U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 2 (U2AF2) is an essential factor in the early steps of pre-mRNA splicing.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Carbon monoxide has been extensively studied for its various therapeutic activities in cell cultures and animal models. Great efforts have been made to develop noninhalational approaches for easy and controlled CO delivery. Herein, we introduce a novel metal-free CO prodrug approach that releases CO under near-physiological conditions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease linked to aging, where oxidative stress worsens the condition, but the exact mechanisms are still unclear.
  • The study used mice and cell models to investigate how increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) from a glutathione inhibitor affected fibrosis and showed that this led to more severe lung damage and cell aging markers.
  • Key findings indicate that targeting oxidative stress, specifically through the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, could be a promising approach for treating pulmonary fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Promoters are key players in gene transcription regulation, but the impact of genetic variants on alternative promoter selection is not fully understood.* -
  • This study introduces a framework for identifying promoter usage quantitative trait loci (puQTLs), constructing an atlas across 49 tissues from 838 individuals, leading to the discovery of about 76,856 loci linked to promoter usage.* -
  • The findings highlight that puQTLs are tissue-specific, related to epigenetic factors, and co-occur with traits/diseases, emphasizing their importance in understanding molecular mechanisms of tissue development and complex diseases.*
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant global concern, ranking as the fifth most prevalent cancer. Unfortunately, the five-year survival rate is less than 30 %. Additionally, approximately 50 % of patients experience a recurrence or metastasis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Hygienic behavior in social insects like honeybees involves uncapping and removing unhealthy brood to prevent disease spread, yet the mechanisms behind these distinct tasks are not well understood.
  • This study focused on highly hygienic Apis cerana worker bees, analyzing their behaviors in response to freeze-killed brood and identifying 1,323 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in their antennae.
  • Notably, the lncRNA XR_001766094.2 was linked to the uncapping behavior, suggesting that variations in lncRNA expression help define different hygienic responses to environmental stimuli in honeybee colonies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - Efficient identification of bacterial infections is crucial for effective clinical treatment, leading to the development of a simplified sensor array using "All-in-One" Pdots for bacterial sample discrimination.
  • - The "All-in-One" Pdots sensor (AOPS) uses fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to create specific fluorescence patterns from multiple bacterial samples with just one wavelength of light.
  • - Machine learning techniques help visualize these fluorescence patterns, allowing the sensor to accurately analyze various bacteria, including drug-resistant strains and mixed samples, highlighting its potential for complex bacterial identification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers propose a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) piezoresistive 3-axial tactile sensor that offers real-time force feedback for surgeons during procedures, with a tiny size of only 3.5 mm in diameter.
  • * Experimental results show that the sensor can accurately measure forces up to 1.2 N with a minimal relative error of 1.18%, demonstrating its effectiveness and potential for integration into robotic surgical tools for improving precision in the operating room.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently occurs as a complication of sepsis. PANoptosis refers to a type of inflammatory programmed cell death that exhibits key characteristics of apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis. Here, we evaluated the role of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2 (EIF2AK2) in septic AKI.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_sessionnnj981lh3nepeaok34lusp395r2ihu13): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once