Multi-objective collaborative optimization of active distribution network operation based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm.

ADN (Active distribution network) is easily disturbed during its operation, resulting in problems such as power supply quality degradation and operation safety deterioration. Therefore, the research and simulation of multi-objective collaborative optimization of ADN operation based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm are proposed. An objective function of multi-objective collaborative optimization configuration for ADN operation is constructed.

Gel-to-Coacervate Transition in Peptide/HA Complexes for MMP-9-Activated Penetration into Tumor Spheroids.

Short phase-separating peptides serve as liquid-based vehicles due to their remarkable fluidity and cell permeability, holding great promise in diffusion-limited applications such as intracellular drug delivery or penetration into deep-seated tumors. However, tuning the phase stability and the phase-transition sensitivity of these coacervates in response to specific pathological signals remains a significant challenge. To tackle this challenge, this study presents a phase-separating peptide/hyaluronic acid (HA) complex coacervate system, which undergoes a solid-to-coacervate transition upon exposure to matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9).

Disparities in post-operative surveillance and utilization of emergency health services following endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair among Medicare beneficiaries.

Objective: Routine imaging surveillance following endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is critical for the timely diagnosis of late post-operative complications. Compliance with recommended EVAR surveillance is variable, and disparities in post-EVAR surveillance remain unclear. This study examines variability in EVAR surveillance and emergency health service utilization across several sociodemographic populations.

Transcriptome analysis of testis and epididymis identifies key genes and pathways regulating gander sperm motility.

Sperm motility is a critical indicator of semen quality and determines the reproduction performance in male poultry. However, compared to chickens and ducks, very little is known about the physiological basis of varying levels of sperm motility as well the underlying regulatory mechanisms in geese. To address this, in the present study, a systematic comparison of semen quality parameters and histomorphological characteristics and genome-wide transcriptomic profiles of testes and epididymis were performed in ganders with high and low sperm motility.

Challenges and Possible Strategies to Address Them in Rare Disease Drug Development: A Statistical Perspective.

Developing drugs for rare diseases presents unique challenges from a statistical perspective. These challenges may include slowly progressive diseases with unmet medical needs, poorly understood natural history, small population size, diversified phenotypes and genotypes within a disorder, and lack of appropriate surrogate endpoints to measure clinical benefits. The Real-World Evidence (RWE) Scientific Working Group of the American Statistical Association Biopharmaceutical Section has assembled a research team to assess the landscape including challenges and possible strategies to address these challenges and the role of real-world data (RWD) and RWE in rare disease drug development.

Discovery of novel seven-membered ring derivatives of ONC212 as caseinolytic protease P protein activators using the ring expansion strategy: Rational design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation.

Caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) protein is essential for prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein homeostasis, and has emerged as a promising bactericidal target for controlling bacterial infection and evading the emergent of drug-resistance risk. As the unique bactericidal mechanism, ClpP loses its substrate specificity and undergoes uncontrolled protein hydrolysis in the presence of an activator, leading to causing bacterial death. To further expand the chemotype of ClpP activator, a series of ONC212 derivatives were synthesized using a ring expansion strategy.

Kinetic Energy Measured by 4D Flow Cardiac MRI in Evaluating Intraventricular Hemodynamics: A Systematic Review.

Unlabelled: Four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (4D Flow cardiac MRI) is an advanced non-invasive imaging technology, and its derived kinetic energy (KE) blood flow parameters have been confirmed as a potential biomarkers for assessing ventricular hemodynamics. This review synthesizes details on the methodology, clinical significance, and current status of studies focused on quantifying KE parameters of the ventricle using 4D Flow cardiac MRI, providing an objective foundation for further exploration of the value of KE in cardiac diseases.

Study Type: retrospective.

Analgesic Grayanane-Derived Diterpenoids from the Flowers of .

Ten new grayanane-derived diterpenoids, rhodomollein LVII-LXVI (-), along with the known compound rhodomollein XLIII (), were isolated from the flowers of . Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis, X-ray diffraction crystallography, and ECD calculations. Rhodomollein LVII-LIX (-) are the first-discovered 3----coumaroylquinic acid, nicotinic acid, and 2-furoic acid derivatives of grayanane diterpenoids, respectively.

Identification of enterotype for patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system, characterized by behavioral and dysexecutive deficits. Its pathogenesis is closely associated with the intestinal flora. This study aimed to explore the enterotypes in AD by identifying key bacteria through machine learning and species co-occurrence network analysis.

Ginseng exosomes modulate M1/M2 polarisation by activating autophagy and target IKK/IкB/NF-кB to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Exosomes are involved in intercellular communication and regulation of the inflammatory microenvironment. In a previous study, we demonstrated that fresh ginseng exosomes (GEs) alleviated inflammatory bowel disease. However, the precise mechanism by which GEs activate the immune system and subsequently inhibit the formation of intestinal inflammatory microenvironment remains unknown.

Geodesign in the era of artificial intelligence.

This paper explores the evolution of Geodesign in addressing spatial and environmental challenges from its early foundations to the recent integration of artificial intelligence (AI). AI enhances existing Geodesign methods by automating spatial data analysis, improving land use classification, refining heat island effect assessment, optimizing energy use, facilitating green infrastructure planning, and generating design scenarios. Despite the transformative potential of AI in Geodesign, challenges related to data quality, model interpretability, and ethical concerns such as privacy and bias persist.

Magnetic resonance diffusion-derived vessel density (DDVD) as a valuable tissue perfusion biomarker for isocitrate dehydrogenase genotyping in diffuse gliomas.

Background: Determining isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation is crucial for glioma clinical management. MR diffusion-derived 'vessel density' (DDVD) offers non-invasive tissue perfusion evaluation within the tumor microenvironment. The study attempts to distinguish IDH genotypes of diffuse gliomas using DDVD in whole tumor parenchyma and its habitats.

Percutaneous endoscopic unilateral laminotomy and bilateral decompression improves gait quality and stance balance in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Percutaneous endoscopic unilateral laminotomy and bilateral decompression (Endo-ULBD) has been applied to patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS). However, it remains unclear whether gait and postural balance in LSS patients fully recover to normal levels following ULBD surgery.

Methods: This retrospective study included 60 symptomatic LSS patients (LSS group) and 60 healthy age-matched adults (control group).

Thermo-sensitive ε-polylysine-heparin-poloxamer hydrogel-encapsulated BMSCs promote endometrial regeneration.

Endometrium plays a key role in embryo implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. However, to repair endometrial injury is still a challenge. In recent years, hydrogel materials have been widely used as effective support matrices to prevent intrauterine adhesions after endometrial injury.

A novel bHLH transcription factor, FabHLH110, is involved in regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in petals of pink-flowered strawberry.

The pink-flowered strawberry is a kind of perennial herb that serves as both an ornamental plant with a range of red-colored petals and a food crop, which was produced by distant hybridization of Fragaria × Potentilla. Although there have been numerous reports on anthocyanin synthesis in strawberry fruits, the mechanism by which bHLH transcription factors regulate anthocyanin synthesis in strawberry red petals remains unclear. In this study, a total of 376 FabHLHs were finally identified, which were divided into 25 subfamilies.

Quasi-Metric Learning for Bilateral Person-Job Fit.

Matching suitable jobs provided by employers with qualified candidates is a crucial task for online recruitment. Typically, candidates and employers have specific expectations in recruitment market, leading them to prefer similar jobs and candidates, respectively. Metric learning provides a promising way to capture the similarity propagation between candidates and jobs.

Single Cell Proteomics Reveals Novel Cell Phenotypes in Marfan Mouse Aneurysm.

Background: Single-cell omics technology is a powerful tool in biomedical research. However, single cell proteomics has lagged due to an inability to amplify peptides in a similar fashion to nucleotide strings. Single cell proteomics is important because proteins are the main functional unit in cells, and they often poorly correlate with mRNA quantities.

EasyMetagenome: A user-friendly and flexible pipeline for shotgun metagenomic analysis in microbiome research.

Shotgun metagenomics has become a pivotal technology in microbiome research, enabling in-depth analysis of microbial communities at both the high-resolution taxonomic and functional levels. This approach provides valuable insights of microbial diversity, interactions, and their roles in health and disease. However, the complexity of data processing and the need for reproducibility pose significant challenges to researchers.

Rapid and sensitive detection of wood smoke exposure biomarkers using europium fluorescent nanoparticle label/lateral flow immunoassay.

Exposure to wood smoke is associated with various adverse health problems. Biomonitoring of smoke exposure-associated biomarkers provides accurate measurements of personally absorbed doses. As a specific metabolite of benzene, the quantitative measurement of S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) plays a vital role in evaluating human exposure to wood smoke.

Bio-orthogonal-labeled exosomes reveals specific distribution in vivo and provides potential application in ARDS therapy.

Exosomes derived from specific cells may be useful for targeted drug delivery, but tracking them in vivo is essential for their clinical application. However, their small size and complex structure challenge the development of exosome-tracking techniques, and traditional labeling methods are limited by weak affinity and potential toxicity. To address these issues, here we developed a novel bio-orthogonal labeling strategy based on phosphatidylinositol derivatives to fluorescently label exosomes from various human and mouse cell types.

The effects of different carbon-fiber plate shapes in shoes on lower limb biomechanics following running-induced fatigue.

Different shapes of carbon-fiber plates (CFPs) are likely to affect lower limb biomechanics, particularly under conditions of running-induced fatigue, and potentially impact runners' performance and risk of injury. However, no studies have yet elucidated the precise effects of CFP shapes on the lower limb biomechanical characteristics subsequent to running-induced fatigue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different CFP shapes in running shoes on the lower limb biomechanics of runners following running-induced fatigue.

Combined morphology and radiomics of intravoxel incoherent movement as a predictive model for the pathologic complete response before neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer.

Background: To develop a predictive model using baseline imaging of morphology and radiomics derived from intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) to determine the pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in breast cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 265 patients who underwent 3.0 T MRI scans before NACT were examined.

Ferromagnetic Boundary States in the Hydrogenated Graphene/Nickel Moiré Superlattice.

Zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) exhibit spin-polarized edge states, which are key elements for designing graphene-based spintronics devices. The intrinsic ZGNRs have an antiferromagnetic ground state, which can be modified by edge engineering and external field. Here, this work proposes an avenue to realize the zigzag graphene/graphane nanoribbon superlattice (ZGNR-SL) on Ni(100) by selective hydrogenation of the 1D moiré patterns, based on the first-principles calculations.

Constructing weak Ru-Mo metallic bonds to suppress Ru overoxidation for durable acidic water oxidation.

Although reducing the Ru-O covalency suppresses the loss of lattice oxygen, it also weakens the electron transfer of the Ru-O-Mo configuration, leading to Ru overoxidation. Herein, doping Mo into RuO weakens the Ru-O covalency and forms weak Ru-Mo metallic bonds to compensate for the electron density of Ru, where the MoRuO catalyst exhibits stable PEM performance at 300 mA cm for 500 h.