Case Report: Clinical and Procedural Implications of Ommaya Reservoir Implantation in Cystic Brain Metastases Followed by Radiosurgery Treatment.

Background: Therapy for large or deep cystic brain metastases is a troublesome procedure in clinical departments. Stereotactic cyst aspiration, combined with Gamma Knife radiosurgery, can be an effective treatment for cystic brain metastases. However, there is still a possibility that a reaccumulation of cystic fluid may lead to poor efficacy or even reoperation.

Bosutinib Attenuates Inflammation via Inhibiting Salt-Inducible Kinases in Experimental Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage on Mice.

Background And Purpose: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a subtype of stroke with highest mortality and morbidity. Pronounced inflammation plays a significant role in the development of the secondary brain injury after ICH. Recently, SIK-2 (salt-inducible kinase-2) was identified as an important component controlling inflammatory response.

Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Melatonin in Hemorrhagic Stroke.

Hemorrhagic stroke which consists of subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage is a dominant cause of death and disability worldwide. Although great efforts have been made, the physiological mechanisms of these diseases are not fully understood and effective pharmacological interventions are still lacking. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a neurohormone produced by the pineal gland, is a broad-spectrum antioxidant and potent free radical scavenger.

Delayed Intracerebral Hemorrhage Secondary to Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: A Case Report and Literature Review.

The ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is a routine procedure for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion, and is associated with many complications. A delayed hemorrhage after the VP shunt surgery, however, is quite rare. In this study, we report a case involving late-onset hemorrhage.

Intracerebral schwannoma mimicking parasagittal meningioma.

A 24-year-old female patient presented to the neurological department after a seizure that lasted for 10 minutes. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic and heterogeneously enhanced giant mass in the right frontal lobe mimicking parasagittal meningioma. Surgery via a single frontal craniotomy confirmed the tumor was attached to the falx cerebri and sagittal sinus.

LRIG1 dictates the chemo-sensitivity of temozolomide (TMZ) in U251 glioblastoma cells via down-regulation of EGFR/topoisomerase-2/Bcl-2.

In the current study, we aimed to understand the potential role of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1 (LRIG1) in TMZ-resistance of U251 glioma cells. We established TMZ-resistant U251 clones (U251/TMZ cells), which expressed low level of LRIG1, but high levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), topoisomerase-2 (Topo-2) and Bcl-2. Depletion of LRIG1 by the targeted RNA interference (RNAi) upregulated EGFR/Topo-2/Bcl-2 in U251 cells, and the cells were resistant to TMZ.

A study of fractured cranial flap refixation.

Objective: To study the techniques of fractured cranial flap refixation (suture, wire and titanium clamps).

Methods: Twenty-four cadaver craniotomy flaps, sawn as fractured flap models, were divided into three groups, and every eight fractured flaps were reattached with sutures, wires and titanium clamps, respectively. Bone flap refixation was timed and measured for offset.

Leakage of cerebrospinal fluid and secondary intracranial infection induced by Cloward technique of cervical discectomy and fusion: presentation and treatment.

Cloward technique of cervical discectomy and fusion is a long and complex surgical procedure and instrumentation, by which complicated infection is rare in an era of routine prophylactic antimicrobial agent, especially in procedures by anterior approach. A study in the journal of Spine suggested that the incidence of unintentional laceration of the dura mater during spinal surgery might be as high as 14%.1 A majority of them are repaired intraoperatively and/or present as a spontaneous process of healing.

[Neuron regeneration in aged rats after intracerebral hemorrhage].

Objective: To investigate neuron regeneration of aged rats after intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).

Methods: ICH model was induced by intracerebral infusion of 100microL autologous blood in adult and aged (3 and 18 m of age, respectively) male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Doublecortin(DCX), polysialylated neural cell adhesion protein(PSA-NCAM) and Bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) in brain tissue were detected by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical examination.

Biomechanical evaluation of cranial flap fixation techniques: comparative experimental study of suture, stainless steel wire, and rivetlike titanium clamp.

Objective: To study the techniques of cranial flap fixation (suture, stainless steel wire, and rivetlike titanium clamp) on biomechanics.

Methods: Twenty-four cadaver craniotomy flaps were reattached with either suture, stainless steel wire, or rivetlike titanium clamp. Cranial flap fixation was timed and measured for the offset between cranial flap with craniotomy skull for every fixation technique.

[Growth-suppression effect of hydroxyurea on meningioma cells in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the tumor-suppression effect of hydroxyurea on meningioma cells and its possible mechanism.

Methods: The meningioma cells were cultured in medium containing varied doses of hydroxyurea (5x10(-3)mol/L, 5x10(-4)mol/L, 5x10(-5)mol/L), the cell growth was measured by MTT method, cell apoptosis was observed with flow cytometry (FCM).

Results: MTT measurement demonstrated that the administration of hydroxyurea led to a dose-dependent suppression in cell proliferation and FCM showed a dose-dependent increase in apoptosis rate.