Photonic axion insulator.

Axions, hypothetical elementary particles that remain undetectable in nature, can arise as quasiparticles in three-dimensional crystals known as axion insulators. Previous implementations of axion insulators have largely been limited to two-dimensional systems, leaving their topological properties in three dimensions unexplored in experiment. Here, we realize an axion insulator in a three-dimensional photonic crystal and probe its topological properties.

FXYD1 was identified as a hub gene in recurrent miscarriage and involved in decidualization via regulating Na/K-ATPase activity.

Purpose: Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is a distressing and complicated adverse pregnancy outcome. It is commonly recognized that insufficient decidualization could result in RM, but the molecular mechanisms of decidual impairment are still not fully understood. Thus, this study aimed to identify novel key genes potentially involved in RM and explore their roles played in endometrial decidualization.

SND1-SMARCA5 interaction strengthened by PIM promotes the proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Chromatin remodeling plays a pivotal role in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we elucidated the critical function of staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain-containing 1 (SND1) in modulating chromatin dynamics, thereby driving ESCC progression in both in vitro and in vivo models. Our data revealed that SND1 was markedly overexpressed in ESCC cell lines.

Chlorpyrifos Influences Tadpole Development by Disrupting Thyroid Hormone Signaling Pathways.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used organophosphate insecticide with serious toxicological effects on aquatic animals. Although extensively studied for neurotoxicity and endocrine disruption, its stage-specific effects on amphibian metamorphosis and receptor-level interactions remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of CPF on metamorphosis at environmentally relevant concentrations (1.

Biomimetic flame retardant adhesive via combining polysiloxane, chitosan and vermiculite nanosheets inspired by nacre and arthropod cuticle.

The wood industry's dependence on traditional petrochemical adhesives, which pose environmental and health risks, has spurred research into sustainable alternatives. Sustainable bio-based polysaccharide materials show promise due to their inherent adhesive properties, despite challenges related to mechanical weaknesses and water resistance. Inspired by the hardening mechanisms of nacre and arthropod cuticles, we have developed a novel biomimetic flame-retardant HPA/OCTS/VMT NSs-NH adhesive.

Organelle-Level Trafficking and Metabolism Kinetics for Redox-Responsive Paclitaxel Prodrug Nanoparticles Characterized by Experimental and Modeling Analysis.

Redox-responsive self-assembled prodrug nanoparticles have received extensive attention for their high loading efficiency and environmentally responsive properties. However, the intracellular metabolism and transportation kinetics were poorly understood, which limited the rational design and development of this delivery system. Herein, tetraphenylporphyrin-paclitaxel (TxP) prodrugs with thioether, disulfide, and dicarbon linkers (TsP, TssP, and TccP) were synthesized and self-assembled as nanoparticles.

Aerobic Reconstruction of Amines to Amides: A C-N/C-C Bond Cleavage Approach.

Herein, an aerobic reconstruction of amines to amides via C(sp)-N bond and C(sp)-C(sp) bond cleavage is described. This method features a metal-free reaction, insensitivity to oxygen or moisture, and ambient air as the terminal oxidant. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction pathway of amine oxidation, followed by imine exchange and Beckmann rearrangement, is involved.

CAP-PIRO Scoring System's Performance in Predicting Prognosis and Severity of Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Single-Center Prospective Study.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant global health issue, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite the existence of various severity scoring systems, accurately predicting patient outcomes remains challenging. The CAP-PIRO (Predisposition, Insult, Response, and Organ dysfunction) scoring system offers a comprehensive approach to evaluating CAP severity and prognosis.

Tobacco/Isatis intercropping system improves soil quality and increase total production value.

Continuous tobacco monocropping has caused soil degradation and yield reduction in China. Intercropping, as a specific and efficient cropping pattern, is highly associated with the enhancement of soil quality and land-use efficiency. Tobacco ( L.

Radiomic features add incremental benefit to conventional radiological feature-based differential diagnosis of lung nodules.

Purpose: To investigate the incremental benefit of adding radiomic features to conventional semantic radiological feature-based differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lung nodules.

Methods: From May 2017 to March 2021, 393 patients with 465 pathologically confirmed lung nodules were enrolled with 54 patients with 54 lung nodules as external testing. Based on manually segmented lung nodules, 1409 radiomics features were extracted.

The role of IL-1 family cytokines in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the primary cause of heart failure in patients with diabetes and is characterised by contractile dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy. The complex pathological and physiological mechanisms underlying DCM have contributed to a limited number of available treatment options. A substantial body of evidence has established that DCM is a low-grade inflammatory cardiovascular disorder, with the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family of cytokines playing crucial roles in initiating inflammatory responses and shaping innate and adaptive immunity.

Inhalable nanocatalytic therapeutics for viral pneumonia.

Pneumonia is a ubiquitous disease caused by viral and bacterial infections, characterized by high levels of reactive oxygen species in inflamed areas. Therapeutic strategies targeting reactive oxygen species levels in pneumonia have limited success due to the intricate nature of lung tissues and lung inflammatory responses. Here we describe an inhalable, non-invasive therapeutic platform composed of engineered cerium-based tannic acid nanozymes bound to a self-assembling peptide.

Quickly Calculating the Activity Coefficient of a NaCl Solution Based on Machine Learning Algorithms.

The activity coefficient represents the deviation between an actual solution and an ideal solution, influencing the solubility and diffusion of CO within a saltwater layer. Consequently, it serves as a crucial parameter for numerical simulations of CO storage in deep saltwater layers. However, in numerical simulations of CO geological storage, the majority of studies rely on the Helgeson-Kirkham-Flowers (HKF) equation to compute activity coefficients, which necessitates obtaining Debye-Hückel (DH) parameters.

Numerical Simulation of CO Dissolution and Mineralization Storage Considering CO-Water-Rock Reaction in Aquifers.

CO storage technology is crucial in addressing climate change by controlling the greenhouse effect. This technology involves the injection of captured CO into deep saline aquifers, where it undergoes a series of reactions, such as structure binding, dissolution, and mineralization, enabling long-term storage. Typically, the CO is maintained in a supercritical state, enhancing its storage efficiency.

NEFL Modulates NRN1-Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway to Promote Diacetylmorphine-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis.

Diacetylmorphine abuse is a major social problem that jeopardizes the world, and abuse can cause serious neurological disorders. Apoptosis plays an important role in neurological diseases. A previous study by our group found that the brain tissue of diacetylmorphine-addicted rats showed severe vacuole-like degeneration and increased apoptosis, but the exact mechanism has not yet been reported.

Simultaneous Suppression of Phonon Transport and Carrier Concentration for Efficient Rhombohedral GeTe Thermoelectric.

Superior electronic performance due to the highly degenerated Σ valence band (N∼12) makes rhombohedral GeTe a promising low-temperature (<600 K) thermoelectric candidate. Minimizing lattice thermal conductivity (κ) is an essential route for enhancing thermoelectric performance, but the temperature-dependent κ, corelated to T, makes its reduction difficult at low temperature. In this work, a room-temperature κ of ≈0.

FBG and BOTDA Based Monitoring of Mine Pressure Under Remaining Coal Pillars Using Physical Modeling.

Strong mine pressure often emerges when the working face of the lower coal seam in a closely spaced coal seam system passes through the remaining coal pillar in the overlying goaf. This study investigates the law of overburden movement and the manifestation of mine pressure during mining under the remaining coal pillar. A physical model measuring 2.

Identification of potential hub genes associated with recurrent miscarriage through combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis.

Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is currently difficult to prevent and treat due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of its molecular mechanisms. The aim of this study was to identify genes potentially involved in the pathogenesis of RM and to observe their expression in the decidual tissues of RM patients. A total of 1823 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 148 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in decidual tissues between RM and control groups were identified.

Impacts of distorted local chemical coordination on electrochemical performance in hydrated vanadium pentoxide.

Modulating and elevating the operating voltage of a given cathode is a significant challenge to enhance the energy density of secondary batteries without sacrificing power output. The chemical coordination strongly influences the energy levels of d-orbitals of redox cations in cathode materials, which tie to their operating voltage. In contrast to concentrated studies on enhancing the specific capacity, in this study, we choose bi-layered hydrated vanadium pentoxide as the model to modulate the d-orbital energy levels through local chemical coordination manipulation, achieving a higher operating voltage in rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries.

Decreased miR-486-5p is involved in lipopolysaccharide-induced HTR-8/SVneo cell dysfunction by promoting SMAD2 expression.

In Brief: Insufficiency of extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell invasion is implicated in pregnancy complications. This study reveals the roles of the miR-486-5p/Smad2 pathway in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced EVT dysfunctions and in the pathogenesis of early pregnancy loss (EPL).

Abstract: Placenta-associated pathologies, including EPL and preeclampsia, are characterized by insufficient EVT invasion.

Imaginary-Connected Embedding in Complex Space for Unseen Attribute-Object Discrimination.

Compositional Zero-Shot Learning (CZSL) aims to recognize novel compositions of seen primitives. Prior studies have attempted to either learn primitives individually (non-connected) or establish dependencies among them in the composition (fully-connected). In contrast, human comprehension of composition diverges from the aforementioned methods as humans possess the ability to make composition-aware adaptation for these primitives, instead of inferring them rigidly through the aforementioned methods.

Identification of the optimal reference genes for atrial fibrillation model established by iPSC-derived atrial myocytes.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) stands as a prevalent and detrimental arrhythmic disorder, characterized by intricate pathophysiological mechanisms. The availability of reliable and reproducible AF models is pivotal in unraveling the underlying mechanisms of this complex condition. Unfortunately, the researchers are still confronted with the absence of consistent in vitro AF models, hindering progress in this crucial area of research.