Targeting ATM enhances radiation sensitivity of colorectal cancer by Potentiating radiation-induced cell death and antitumor immunity.

Introduction: The efficacy of radiotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC) is often limited by radiation resistance. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is well known for its role in repairing double-strand DNA breaks within the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. However, whether ATM mediates other mechanisms contributing to radiation resistance remains insufficiently investigated.

Deep learning radiomics nomograms predict Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genotypes in brain glioma: A multicenter study.

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of Deep learning radiomics nomograms (DLRN) in predicting IDH genotype.

Methods: A total of 402 glioma patients from two independent centers were retrospectively included, and the data from center I was randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 239) and an internal validation cohort (n = 103) on a 7:3 basis. Center II served as an independent external validation cohort (n = 60).

Immunomodulatory and anti-ovarian cancer effects of novel astragalus polysaccharide micelles loaded with podophyllotoxin.

Ovarian cancer, a highly lethal form of gynecological cancer globally, has witnessed notable advancements in its treatment through the integration of nanotechnology and immunotherapy. Here, we designed a novel astragalus polysaccharide vector (PDA), encapsulating podophyllotoxin (PPT), and modifying methotrexate (DSPE-PEG-MTX) on its surface for targeting ovarian cancer cells with high folate receptor expression. We prepared novel MTX-modified PPT-loaded astragalus polysaccharide micelles (MTX-PPT-micelles) by dialysis method and evaluated their characterization, stability, safety and targeting ability.

Mitochondria-targeting materials and therapies for regenerative engineering.

The hemostatic, inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases of healing require precise spatiotemporal coordination and orchestration of numerous biological processes. As the primary energy generators in the cell, mitochondria play multifunctional roles in regulating metabolism, stress reactions, immunity, and cell density during the process of tissue regeneration. Mitochondrial dynamics involves numerous crucial processes, fusion, fission, autophagy, and translocation, which are all necessary for preserving mitochondrial function, distributing energy throughout cells, and facilitating cellular signaling.

Gyosaponin ameliorates sevoflurane anesthesia-induced cognitive dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis in rats through modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Background: Sevoflurane (Sev) is an inhalational anesthetic for surgical procedures where it can trigger cognitive dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis. Gyosaponin (GpS) was studied for its effects on brain morphology and cognitive behaviors in Sev-anesthetized rats.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced by 3 % Sev anesthesia, and 25 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg GpS were injected into the rats by tail vein.

Comprehensive pharmacokinetic profiling of twelve compounds from Phellinus Igniarius extract in rats by UHPLC-MS/MS.

The medicinal fungus Phellinus Igniarius (P. igniarius) has been demonstrated to possess a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, blood circulation promotion, anti-diarrheal and sedative properties, etc. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the components in P.

Multidirectional Sliding Ferroelectricity of Rhombohedral-Stacked InSe for Reconfigurable Photovoltaics and Imaging Applications.

Through the stacking technique of 2D materials, the interfacial polarization can be switched by an interlayer sliding, known as sliding ferroelectricity, which is advantageous in ultra-thin thickness, high switching speed, and high fatigue resistance. However, uncovering the relationship between the sliding path and the polarization state in rhombohedral-stacked materials remains a challenge, which is the key to 2D sliding ferroelectricity. Here, layer-dependent multidirectional sliding ferroelectricity in rhombohedral-stacked InSe (γ-InSe) is reported via dual-frequency resonance tracking piezoresponse force microscopy and conductive atomic force microscopy.

Napabucasin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles trigger anti-HCC immune responses by metabolic reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages.

Background: JAK/STAT3 is one of the critical signaling pathways involved in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). BBI608 (Napabucasin), as a novel small molecule inhibitor of STAT3, has shown previously excellent anti-HCC effects in vitro and in mouse models. However, low bioavailability, high cytotoxicity and other shortcomings limit its clinical application.

Predicting the replicability of social and behavioural science claims in COVID-19 preprints.

Replications are important for assessing the reliability of published findings. However, they are costly, and it is infeasible to replicate everything. Accurate, fast, lower-cost alternatives such as eliciting predictions could accelerate assessment for rapid policy implementation in a crisis and help guide a more efficient allocation of scarce replication resources.

A rare KLHDC4 variant Glu510Lys is associated with genetic susceptibility and promotes tumor metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Various genetic association studies have identified numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk. However, these studies have predominantly focused on common variants, leaving the contribution of rare variants to the "missing heritability" largely unexplored. Here, we integrate genotyping data from 3,925 NPC cases and 15,048 healthy controls to identify a rare SNP, rs141121474, resulting in a Glu510Lys mutation in KLHDC4 gene linked to increased NPC risk.

Declining trends and regional variations of organophosphate ester contamination in indoor dust from mainland China: Insights from a filed study and meta-analysis.

This study investigated the presence of 20 organophosphate esters (OPEs) in indoor dust samples collected from the Chinese cities of Lanzhou, Xining, and Lhasa. The results demonstrate the ubiquitous presence of most OPEs in these three cities, with the highest concentrations of ΣOPEs found in Xining. We also summarized the occurrence of OPEs in indoor environments from 38 studies with 1875 samples collected across various regions of mainland China from 2012 to 2023.

Picrotoxane-type sesquiterpenoids from Dendrobium improve insulin resistance and increase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.

Twelve picrotoxane-type sesquiterpenoids were isolated from Dendrobium wardianum, of which dendrowardins K-N (1-4) are new compounds and dendrowardins O and P (9, 10) are new natural products. Notably, the structure of dendrowardin K contains the rarely observed 10,11-γ-lactone ring. The structural configurations of these compounds were determined through comprehensive 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and other spectroscopic analyses.

Duplicate gallbladders misdiagnosed as residual cholecystitis: A case report and review of the literature.

Rationale: Duplication of gallbladder is a rare anomaly in humans, as it is very rare for a duplication of gallbladder to be missed during the first cholecystectomy and thus require a second cholecystectomy.

Patient Concerns: A 42-year-old man came to our hospital with paroxysmal right upper abdominal pain for 10 days. In addition to the pain, he also had transient jaundice.

Quantifying interpretation reproducibility in Vision Transformer models with TAVAC.

Deep learning algorithms can extract meaningful diagnostic features from biomedical images, promising improved patient care in digital pathology. Vision Transformer (ViT) models capture long-range spatial relationships and offer robust prediction power and better interpretability for image classification tasks than convolutional neural network models. However, limited annotated biomedical imaging datasets can cause ViT models to overfit, leading to false predictions due to random noise.

Vertical distribution characteristics of microplastics and bacterial communities in the sediment columns of Jianhu lake in China.

Microorganisms change the properties of microplastics, at the same time, microplastics can also affect the distribution of microorganisms. To investigate this issue, we chose to study Jianhu Lake, a plateau lake in southwestern China, by collecting data at three sampling locations. The microplastics and bacterial communities in the sediment columns of Jianhu Lake were sampled within a 0 to 60 cm profile, and the basic characteristics of microplastic abundance, shape, color, size, and polymer type were determined accordingly, via their collection, separation, extraction, and identification.

Bunch-by-bunch position measurement with sub-micron resolution at nanoseconds separation using wideband cavity beam position monitors.

We developed a wideband RF cavity beam position monitor (CBPM) with a 217 MHz bandwidth centered at the 4.875 GHz dipole mode frequency as part of the preliminary research for a high-repetition-rate hard x-ray free electron laser project at the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics. This paper presents new results demonstrating bunch-by-bunch position measurements on electron bunches spaced by 2.

The Fifth Annual Symposium of the Midwest Aging Consortium.

As the healthcare burden caused by an increasingly aging population rapidly rises, a pressing need exists for innovative geroscience research that can elucidate aging mechanisms and precipitate the development of therapeutic interventions to support healthy aging. The Fifth Annual Midwest Aging Consortium Aging Research symposium, held from April 28-30, 2024, was hosted by The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio and featured presentations from investigators across the Midwestern United States. This report summarizes the research presented at the symposium, whose topics included cellular senescence and the aging brain, metabolism and metabolic interventions, nutrition, redox mechanisms and biomarkers, and stress mechanisms.

Transcatheter mitral valve replacement to treat rheumatic mitral stenosis: a case series.

Background: Rheumatic mitral stenosis (RMS) is a common valvular heart disease in developing countries. We sought to evaluate the early experience of patients with RMS undergoing transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR).

Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 5 RMS patients accepted TMVR.

Synergistic Anticancer Strategy Targeting ECM Stiffness: Integration of Matrix Softening and Mechanical Signal Transduction Blockade in Primary Liver Cancers.

The development of primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [ICC]) is linked to its physical microenvironment, particularly extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness. Potential anticancer strategies targeting ECM stiffness include prevention/reversal of the stiffening process and disruption of the response of cancer cells to mechanical signals from ECM. However, each strategy has limitations.

Bright and Efficient CsSnBr Light-Emitting Diodes Enabled by Interfacial Reaction-Assisted Crystallization.

Tin-based perovskites are more environmentally friendly than their lead-based alternatives. Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) using iodide-based tin perovskites have achieved considerable advancements in efficiency. However, PeLEDs using bromide-based tin perovskites have not progressed as rapidly, primarily due to challenges in controlling their crystallization processes.

DYRK4 upregulates antiviral innate immunity by promoting IRF3 activation.

Viral infection activates the transcription factors IRF3 and NF-κB, which induce type I interferon (IFN) and antiviral innate immune responses. Here, we identify dual-specific tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 4 (DYRK4) as an important regulator of virus-triggered IFN-β induction and antiviral innate immunity. Overexpression of DYRK4 enhances virus-triggered activation of IRF3 and type I IFN induction, whereas knockdown or knockout of DYRK4 impairs virus-induced activation of IRF3 and NF-κB.

Intrinsic capacity and its association with predictors among Chinese empty nest older adults in communities: a latent class analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine Intrinsic Capacity (IC) subgroups and the association of IC subgroups with IC predictors in Chinese urban empty nesters.

Methods: A convenient sample of 385 older adults aged 60 and above in Community Health Service Center was recruited from Hei Longjiang Province, China, between June 2023 and December 2023. Latent class Analysis (LCA) was conducted to explore IC subgroups using the sensory, cognition, locomotion, psychological, and vitality domains of IC as input variables.

Co-assembled supramolecular hydrogel of asiaticoside and Panax notoginseng saponins for enhanced wound healing.

Self-assembling natural drug hydrogels have emerged as promising biomaterials for scalable and customizable drug delivery systems attributed to their inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Asiaticoside (AS), a bioactive compound derived from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.

Bullying victimization and self-harm in adolescents: The roles of emotion regulation and bullying peer norms.

Background: While prior research has suggested that experiencing bullying victimization increases the risk of self-harm, the exact role of intrapersonal emotion regulation and bullying peer norms in contributing to this association are not fully understood.

Objective: This study examined the mediating effects of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression and the moderating effects of bullying descriptive and popularity norms on the association between bullying victimization and self-harm.

Participants And Setting: A total of 3545 Chinese adolescents (52.