In Vivo Human Lacrimal Gland Imaging Using an Ultrasound Biomicroscopy.

Purpose: In the present study, we introduce human lacrimal gland imaging using an ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) with a soft cover and show their findings.

Methods: The representative UBM findings of palpebral lobes in seven subjects (four with non-Sjögren dry eye syndrome, one with Sjögren syndrome, and two healthy subjects) were described in this study. To prolapse the palpebral lobe, the examiner pulled the temporal part of the upper eyelid in the superotemporal direction and directed the subject to look in the inferonasal direction.

Stability of neodymium:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in eyes with capsular tension rings.

Aim: To evaluate the stability of neodymium (Nd):YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in eyes with capsular tension rings (CTRs).

Methods: A total of 60 eyes that underwent cataract surgery and laser posterior capsulotomy postoperatively were included in this retrospective cohort study. To evaluate the safety and stability of capsulotomy, changes in the size of posterior capsulotomy and anterior chamber depth (ACD) in three groups: the group without CTR, the group with 12 mm CTRs, and the group with 13 mm CTRs, at 1wk, 3, 12, and 15mo after capsulotomy, were compared.

Efficacy of haptic sutured in-the-bag intraocular lens for intraocular lens-capsule complex stability: a comparison of three insertion methods.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and stability of haptic sutured in-the-bag intraocular lens (IOL) in eyes with zonular instability.

Methods: A total 60 eyes of 60 patients were included in this retrospective cohort study. Postoperative stability in three groups [haptic sutured IOL in the bag, IOL in the bag insertion with haptics oriented toward areas of zonulysis, IOL with capsular tension ring (CTR) in the bag insertion] were compared according to the IOL insertion methods.

Aqueous humor analyses of diabetic macular edema patients with subretinal fluid.

We identified treatment-naïve diabetic macular edema (DME) patients with or without subretinal fluid (SRF). We compared their baseline characteristics: aqueous concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17, as well as tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and placental growth factor (PlGF). We also compared fundus and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, and responsiveness to anti-VEGF treatments.

Maxillary Zoster and Neurotrophic Keratitis following Trigeminal Block.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus is commonly used to describe viral reactivation from the trigeminal ganglia with ocular involvement. The ophthalmic branch is the most commonly involved, whereas the maxillary and mandibular dermatomes are less commonly affected. Neurotrophic ulcer may occur secondary to intentional or inadvertent damage to the trigeminal nucleus, root, ganglion, or any segment of the ophthalmic branch of this cranial nerve.

Antiangiogenesis Effect of Albendazole on the Cornea.

To investigate the anti-(lymph)angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of albendazole and to study whether these effects are additive with bevacizumab therapy in a murine corneal suture model. Corneal neovascularization (NV) and lymphangiogenesis (LY) were compared in a corneal suture model after administration of a subconjunctival injection of albendazole, bevacizumab, dexamethasone, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Immunohistochemical staining and analysis were performed in each group.

Correction: Prognosis for ocular toxocariasis according to granuloma location.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Prognosis for ocular toxocariasis according to granuloma location.

Purpose: To determine the prognosis for ocular toxocariasis (OT) according to the location of the granuloma and to identify factors associated with its recurrence within 1 year.

Methods: OT patients were classified according to the granuloma lesion. After grouping the patients as posterior or peripheral, we compared sex, age, intraocular pressure, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), degree of inflammation, immunoglobulin E, eosinophil profiles, recurrence, and complications in each group.

The Effect of 0.5% Timolol Maleate on Corneal(Lymph)Angiogenesis in a Murine Suture Model.

Purpose: To investigate the anti(lymph)angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of 0.5% timolol maleate in a murine corneal suture model.

Methods: Corneal neovascularization and lymphangiogenesis were compared in groups of mice that underwent corneal suture and were subsequently administered a subconjunctival injection of 0.

Epithelial Keratitis After Cataract Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence, related perioperative factors, clinical characteristics, and possible etiologies of epithelial keratitis after cataract surgery.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 666 eyes in 666 patients who underwent cataract surgery was performed to evaluate the incidence of epithelial keratitis and related factors in the postoperative period.

Results: Postoperative epithelial keratitis developed in 15 eyes.

Effect of itraconazole on the cornea in a murine suture model and penetrating keratoplasty model.

Aim: To investigate the anti-(lymph)angiogenic and/or anti-inflammatory effect of itraconazole in a corneal suture model and penetrating keratoplasty (PK) model.

Methods: Graft survival, corneal neovascularization, and corneal lymphangiogenesis were compared among itraconazole, amphotericin B, dexamethasone, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and surgery-only groups following subconjunctival injection in mice that underwent PK and corneal suture. Immunohistochemical staining and analysis were performed in each group.

Effect of sorafenib in a murine high risk penetrating keratoplasty model.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of sorafenib in murine high risk keratoplasty model.

Methods: Graft survival, corneal neovascularization, and corneal lymphangiogenesis were compared among the sorafenib, dexamethasone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) groups following subconjunctival injection in mice that underwent high risk penetrating keratoplasty (HRPK). Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to quantify the expression of inflammatory cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-C, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2, VEGFR-3.

Effect of trapping vascular endothelial growth factor-A in a murine model of dry eye with inflammatory neovascularization.

Aim: To evaluate whether trapping vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) would suppress angiogenesis and inflammation in dry eye corneas in a murine corneal suture model.

Methods: We established two groups of animals, one with non-dry eyes and the other with induced dry eyes. In both groups, a corneal suture model was used to induce inflammation and neovascularization.

Clinical Course and Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea.

Background: We investigated clinical course and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 759 patients with T2DM without DR were included from January 2001 to December 2004. Retinopathy evaluation was performed at least annually by ophthalmologists.

Stop-Chop versus Retro-Chop Nucleotomy During Phacoemulsification.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of two nuclear fracture techniques used in phacoemulsification (stop-chop vs. retro-chop).

Methods: A total of 131 eyes from 111 patients with severe cataracts and nucleosclerosis (of grades 4-5) were included.

Lipoprotein(a) predicts the development of diabetic retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has mainly been considered to be a predictor of the incidence of cardiovascular disease. In addition, previous studies have shown potential linkage between Lp(a) and diabetic microvascular complications.

Objectives: We investigated the incidence and risk factors for the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Comparison of postoperative corneal changes between dry eye and non-dry eye in a murine cataract surgery model.

Aim: To compare the effects of the surgical insult of cataract surgery on corneal inflammatory infiltration, neovascularization (NV) and lymphangiogenesis (LY) between the dry eye and non-dry eye in murine cataract surgery models.

Methods: We established two groups of animals, one with normal eyes (non-dry eye) and the second with induced dry eyes. In both groups, we used surgical insults to mimic human cataract surgery, which consisted of lens extraction, corneal incision and suture.

Preoperative Mannitolization Can Decrease Corneal Endothelial Cell Damage After Cataract Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate whether preoperative mannitolization can change ocular biometry and affect postoperative corneal endothelial cell density.

Methods: Bilateral sequential cataract surgery was performed in 38 patients. Preoperative mannitolization was done in one eye of each subject.