From Natural Product Derivative to Hexagonal Prism Supermolecule: Potent Biofilm Disintegration, Enhanced Foliar Affinity, and Effective Management of Tomato Bacterial Canker.

Clavibacter michiganensis (Cmm), designated as an A2 quarantine pest by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO), incites bacterial canker of tomato, which presently eludes rapid and effective control methodologies. Dense biofilms formed by Cmm shield internal bacteria from host immune defenses and obstruct the ingress of agrochemicals. Even when agrochemicals disintegrate biofilms, splashing and bouncing during application disperse active ingredients away from target sites.

Exploring the nexus between financial inclusion, governance, and carbon emissions in SAARC countries.

This study examines the impact of financial inclusion (FI) and institutional quality (INSQ) on carbon dioxide (CO) emissions in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) economies, using data from 2004 to 2022. The hypotheses were tested using a generalized method of moments (GMM) approach. Beside, a robust moment method quantile regression (MM-QR) static model and Granger causality tests were employed to validate the results.

From dansyl-modified biofilm disruptors to β-cyclodextrin-optimized multifunctional supramolecular nanovesicles: their improved treatment for plant bacterial diseases.

Background: Bacterial diseases caused by phytopathogenic Xanthomonas pose a significant threat to global agricultural production, causing substantial economic losses. Biofilm formation by these bacteria enhances their resistance to environmental stressors and chemical treatments, complicating disease control. The key to overcoming this challenge lies in the development of multifunctional green bactericides capable of effectively breaking down biofilm barriers, improving foliar deposition properties, and achieving the control of bacterial diseases.

Smart β-cyclodextrin-dominated helical supramolecular dendritic assemblies improve the foliar affinity and biofilm disruption for treating alarming bacterial diseases.

Recent outbreaks of alarming bacterial diseases have significantly impacted global agricultural productivity. Conventional bactericides exhibit certain limitations in efficiently impeding biofilm formation and annihilating biofilm-dispersed pathogens, and often expose to high off-target movement during foliar spraying. Here, we produce an innovative helical dendrimer-like supramolecular material (PhA28@β-CD) assembled by a bioactive small-molecule 2-chlorophenylisopropanolamine (PhA28) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) through host-guest recognition principle.

β-Cyclodextrin-optimized supramolecular nanovesicles enhance the droplet/foliage interface interactions and inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) for efficient treatment of fungal diseases.

Background: Plant fungal diseases present a major challenge to global agricultural production. Despite extensive efforts to develop fungicides, particularly succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs), their effectiveness is often limited by poor retention of fungicide droplets on hydrophobic leaves. The off-target losses and unintended release cause fungal resistance and severe environmental pollution.

Effectiveness of topical corticosteroids on the prevention of acute radiation dermatitis in patients with breast cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of topical corticosteroids (TCS) in preventing acute radiation dermatitis in patients with breast cancer.

Methods: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in six English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase), three Chinese databases (Sinomed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Cqvip), and two clinical trial registration platforms (CHICTR, Clinicaltrials.

Removal of intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factor genes using electricity-intensified constructed wetlands.

Constructed wetland (CW) is considered a promising technology for the removal of emerging contaminants. However, its removal performance for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is not efficient and influence of virulence factor genes (VFGs) have not been elucidated. Here, removal of intracellular and extracellular ARGs as well as VFGs by electricity-intensified CWs was comprehensively evaluated.

Diclofenac sodium nanomedicine results in pain-relief and differential expression of the RNA transcriptome in the spinal cord of SNI rats.

Neuropathic pain is chronic pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Neuropathic pain, with a high incidence and complex pathogenesis, is one of the most significant areas of clinical medicine and basic research. Currently, prescribed treatments are still unsatisfactory or have limited effectiveness.

More potential uses of specific perforator flaps in the calf - A cadaveric study on the subdermal vascular structure of the lower leg.

Background: The perforator flap has garnered significant interest since its inception due to its advantage of not needing a vascular network at the deep fascial level. Perforator flaps are commonly utilized in different flap transplant surgeries, and the thigh flap is presently the most widely used perforator flap. Is it possible for the calf to replace the thigh as a more suitable site for harvesting materials? Currently, there is a lack of relevant anatomical research.

Liquid biopsy biomarkers to guide immunotherapy in breast cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy has emerged as a promising treatment strategy for breast cancer (BC). However, current reliance on immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of PD-L1 expression alone has limited predictive capability, resulting in suboptimal efficacy of ICIs for some BC patients. Hence, developing novel predictive biomarkers is indispensable to enhance patient selection for immunotherapy.

Neural-SEIR: A flexible data-driven framework for precise prediction of epidemic disease.

Accurately modeling and predicting epidemic diseases is crucial to prevent disease transmission and reduce mortality. Due to various unpredictable factors, including population migration, vaccination, control efforts, and seasonal fluctuations, traditional epidemic models that rely on prior knowledge of virus transmission mechanisms may not be sufficient to forecast complex epidemics like coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). The application of traditional epidemiological models such as susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) may face difficulties in accurately predicting such complex epidemics.

Notch signaling pathway: a new target for neuropathic pain therapy.

The Notch gene, a highly evolutionarily conserved gene, was discovered approximately 110 years ago and has been found to play a crucial role in the development of multicellular organisms. Notch receptors and their ligands are single-pass transmembrane proteins that typically require cellular interactions and proteolytic processing to facilitate signal transduction. Recently, mounting evidence has shown that aberrant activation of the Notch is correlated with neuropathic pain.

ERStruct: a fast Python package for inferring the number of top principal components from whole genome sequencing data.

Background: Large-scale multi-ethnic DNA sequencing data is increasingly available owing to decreasing cost of modern sequencing technologies. Inference of the population structure with such sequencing data is fundamentally important. However, the ultra-dimensionality and complicated linkage disequilibrium patterns across the whole genome make it challenging to infer population structure using traditional principal component analysis based methods and software.

DeepDetect: Deep Learning of Peptide Detectability Enhanced by Peptide Digestibility and Its Application to DIA Library Reduction.

In tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomics, proteins are digested into peptides by specific protease(s), but generally only a fraction of peptides can be detected. To characterize detectable proteotypic peptides, we have developed a series of methods to predict peptide digestibility and detectability. Here, we propose a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM)-based algorithm, named DeepDetect, for the prediction of peptide detectability enhanced by peptide digestibility.

Mechanism and effects of STING-IFN-I pathway on nociception: A narrative review.

Since the discovery of STING in 2008, numerous studies have investigated its functions in immunity, inflammation, and cancer. STING activates downstream molecules including IFN-I, NLRP3, and NF-κB. The STING-IFN-I pathway plays a vital role in nociception.

The Role of N-Methyladenosine in Inflammatory Diseases.

N-Methyladenosine (mA) is the most abundant epigenetic RNA modification in eukaryotes, regulating RNA metabolism (export, stability, translation, and decay) in cells through changes in the activity of writers, erasers, and readers and ultimately affecting human life or disease processes. Inflammation is a response to infection and injury in various diseases and has therefore attracted significant attention. Currently, extensive evidence indicates that mA plays an essential role in inflammation.

A simple mesoporous silica Nanoparticle-based aptamers SERS sensor for the detection of acetamiprid.

In this study, we developed a novel, rapid, simple, and sensitive nano sensor based on the controlled release of 4-Aminothiophenol (4-ATP) signal molecules from aptamers (Apts) modified aminated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs-NH) for the quantitative detection of acetamiprid (ACE). Firstly, we synthesized the positively charged MSNs-NH by one-pot method, then loaded 4-ATP signal molecules into the pore, and finally electrostatically adsorbed the Apts onto the MSNs-NH, which acts as a gate to control the release of signal molecules. When ACE is added to the system, ACE preferentially and specifically binds to Apts, so the gate opens and 4-ATP signal molecules are released from the pore.

Fluorescent aptamer-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles for quantitative acetamiprid detection.

Acetamiprid (ACE) is widely used to control aphids, brown planthoppers, and other pests in agricultural production. However, ACE is difficult to degrade in the environment, resulting in excessive residue, which causes acute and chronic toxicity to human beings and non-target organisms. Therefore, the development of a rapid, convenient, and highly sensitive method to quantify ACE is essential.

Regularity of Toll-Like Receptors in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells Induced by .

Mastitis is one of the most common and significant infectious diseases in dairy cattle and is responsible for significant financial losses for the dairy industry globally. An important pathogen of bovine mastitis, () has a high infection rate, requires a long course of treatment, and is difficult to cure. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) are the first line of defense of the mammary gland, and their natural immune system plays a critical role in resisting infection.

N-Methyladenosine-Modified circRNA in the Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells Injured by and .

Mastitis is a common disease that hinders the development of dairy industry and animal husbandry. It leads to the abuse of antibiotics and the emergence of super drug-resistant bacteria, and poses a great threat to human food health and safety. () and () are the most common pathogens of mastitis in dairy cows and usually cause subclinical or clinical mastitis.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells-derived Exosomes Ameliorate Lupus by Inducing M2 Macrophage Polarization and Regulatory T Cell Expansion in MRL/lpr Mice.

Previous studies have implicated that the transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) effectively alleviates systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) primarily due to immunomodulatory effects. However, little is known about the role of hUC-MSC-derived exosomes in SLE. This study is carried out to investigate the modifying effects of hUC-MSC-exosomes on the differentiation and function of immune cells in SLE.

Facile pathway to construct mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with pyraclostrobin: Physicochemical properties, antifungal activity, and biosafety.

Background: A controlled-release formulation based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) provides an effective way for reducing pesticide use and protecting the ecological environment. In this study, MSNs loaded with pyraclostrobin (PYR@MSNs) were prepared using a one-pot method.

Results: The characteristics of PYR@MSNs were systematically investigated, including morphology, loading content, ultraviolet (UV) resistance, release behavior, control effects against pathogens, and safety to nontarget organisms.