Metabolic Pathways Associated With Obesity and Hypertension in Black Caregivers of Persons Living With Dementia.

Background: In the United States, Black adults have the highest prevalence of obesity and hypertension, increasing their risk of morbidity and mortality. Caregivers of persons with dementia are also at increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to the demands of providing care. Thus, Black caregivers-who are the second largest group of caregivers of persons with dementia in the United States-have the highest risks for poor health outcomes among all caregivers.

Oral Microbiome and Cognition Among Black Cancer Caregivers.

Background: Despite known links between oral health and dementia and the growing understanding of the role of the human microbiome in health, few studies have explored the relationship between the oral microbiome and cognition. Additionally, there is a notable absence of research on how the oral microbiome is associated with cognitive function in Black adult caregivers of cancer patients despite their elevated risk for both oral disease and cognitive impairment.

Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiome of Black caregivers of people living with cancer and explore the association of the oral microbiome with cognitive performance.

Chondroprotection of articular cartilage integrity: Utilizing ultrasonic scalpel and hyperosmolar irrigation solution during cutting.

Objectives: Ultrasonic (US) cutting of cartilage in orthopaedic surgery has received little attention despite its potential to reduce chondrocyte death which could enhance cartilage repair. We aimed to investigate whether an ultrasonically-vibrating scalpel to cut human articular cartilage could reduce chondrocyte death, and to determine if hyper-osmolarity could provide chondroprotection during the procedure.

Methods: A scalpel (no.

Pre- and Post-Treatment Quality of Life Among Patients with Advanced Stage Cervical Cancer at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.

Background: The development of health concepts beyond traditional markers of illness and death has made the evaluation of quality of life (QoL) crucial to patient care. Yet, there is little research evaluating the pre- and post-treatment QoL of cervical cancer survivors in Ethiopia.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the pre- and post-treatment QoL of women diagnosed with advanced-stage cervical cancer.

Survival Status and Predictors Among Women with Advanced Stage of Cervical Cancer.

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women, even though it is a preventable disease. Most deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. In addition to early detection and receipt of standard treatments, survivorship is an important component of high quality of care across the cancer continuum.

Mechanisms of mobile bearing dislocation in lateral unicompartmental knee replacement.

Mobile bearing dislocation occurs in 1- 6% of Oxford Domed Lateral replacements. Dislocations are predominantly medial, but can occur anteriorly or posteriorly. They tend to occur when the knee is flexed.

Oral Microbiome, Mental Health, and Sleep Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study in Chinese and Korean American Immigrants.

COVID-19 is a systemic disease whose effects are not limited to the respiratory system. The oral microbiome (OM)-brain axis is of growing interest in understanding the broader, neuropsychiatric, impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic through a systems biology lens. In this context, mental health and sleep disturbance are often reported by Asian Americans.

Saliva and Exhaled Breath Condensate Correlate With Serum in 4-12-Year-Olds Exposed to Secondhand Electronic Cigarette Vapors: A Pilot Study.

Electronic cigarette use is highest among adults of child-bearing age. Many parents that use electronic cigarettes believe that secondhand exposure of electronic cigarette vapors for their children is not dangerous and is less harmful than secondhand exposure to traditional cigarette smoke. These beliefs may prompt excessive secondhand exposure to electronic cigarette vapors for their children.

Correlates of Sleep Disturbance Experienced by Informal Caregivers of Persons Living with Dementia: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: This study aims to comprehensively review and update the literature concerning the correlates of sleep disturbance among caregivers of persons living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias to identify gaps in the literature and antecedent targets for interventions.

Methods: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase using terms related to "sleep," "caregiver," and "dementia."

Results: Thirty-six articles were included in this review.

Large-scale placenta DNA methylation integrated analysis reveals fetal sex-specific differentially methylated CpG sites and regions.

Although male-female differences in placental structure and function have been observed, little is understood about their molecular underpinnings. Here, we present a mega-analysis of 14 publicly available placenta DNA methylation (DNAm) microarray datasets to identify individual CpGs and regions associated with fetal sex. In the discovery dataset of placentas from full term pregnancies (N = 532 samples), 5212 CpGs met genome-wide significance (p < 1E-8) and were enriched in pathways such as keratinization (FDR p-value = 7.

Oral microbiome of electronic cigarette users: A cross-sectional exploration.

Objective: Electronic cigarettes have increased in popularity globally. Vaping may be associated with oral symptoms and pathologies including dental and periodontal damage, both of which have an underlying microbial etiology. The primary aim of this pilot study, therefore, was to compare the oral microbiome of vapers and non-vapers.

Initial Psychometric Testing of a Brief Maternal Oral Symptom Survey.

Introduction: Oral health is an important component of maternal health. Pregnant women face unique oral health challenges. Although there is abundant evidence of the strong association between poor oral health and adverse pregnancy outcomes, oral health assessment is frequently overlooked by prenatal care providers.

Application of a robotics path planning algorithm to assess the risk of mobile bearing dislocation in lateral unicompartmental knee replacement.

Due to ligament laxity, bearing dislocation occurs in 1-6% of Oxford Domed Lateral (ODL) replacements with most dislocations occurring medially. Dislocations were studied using a previously built mechanical rig, however testing using the rig was inefficient. The aim of this study was to develop a better tool that was more reliable and efficient.

Adaptation of Metabolomics and Microbiomic Research Protocols During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: When the COVID-19 pandemic hit in 2020, researchers in the P30 Center for the Study of Symptom Science, Metabolomics, and Multiple Chronic Conditions at Emory University's Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing faced major challenges in recruitment and data collection because of limited access to the clinic and community facilities and the risk of COVID-19 exposure associated with in-person study contact.

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to (a) describe how a cadre of pilot/supplement principal investigators adapted their studies to allow for safe and trustworthy data collection during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020 through date of publication) and (b) discuss steps that facilitated the technical aspects of remote data collection, especially involving biological specimens.

Results: Four pilot studies and two administrative supplements within the center-all at different stages of execution-adopted various alternative remote recruitment, enrollment, and data and specimen collection approaches to continue their research endeavors in a way that maximized the safety of both the research participants and the research teams.

The Oxford Domed Lateral Unicompartmental Knee Replacement implant: Increasing wall height reduces the risk of bearing dislocation.

Due to lateral ligament laxity, bearing dislocation occurs in 1%-6% of Oxford Domed Lateral replacements. Most dislocations are medial but they do rarely occur anteriorly or posteriorly. The aim was to decrease the risk of dislocation.

The oral microbiome and inflammation in mild cognitive impairment.

Inflammation and immune mechanisms are believed to play important roles in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Research supports the link between poor oral health and Alzheimer's disease. Periodontal disease and dental caries represent the two most common infections of the oral cavity.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of bearing dislocation in lateral meniscal bearing unicompartmental knee replacement: Domed versus flat tibial surface.

Background: Bearing dislocation is a problem following mobile bearing Oxford lateral Unicompartmental Knee Replacement (UKR). Therefore, the design of the tibial component was changed from a flat tibial surface to a domed tibial surface with a biconcave bearing to increase bearing entrapment. This systematic review compared the dislocation and revision rates of the two designs.

Antibody Profiles According to Mild or Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2020.

Among patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19), IgM levels increased early after symptom onset for those with mild and severe disease, but IgG levels increased early only in those with severe disease. A similar pattern was observed in a separate serosurveillance cohort. Mild COVID-19 should be investigated separately from severe COVID-19.

Oxford domed lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Aims: To report mid- to long-term results of Oxford mobile bearing domed lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), and determine the effect of potential contraindications on outcome.

Methods: A total of 325 consecutive domed lateral UKAs undertaken for the recommended indications were included, and their functional and survival outcomes were assessed. The effects of age, weight, activity, and the presence of full-thickness erosions of cartilage in the patellofemoral joint on outcome were evaluated.

Exploring the Maternal and Infant Oral Microbiomes: A Pilot Study.

Setting the stage for good oral health early in life is critical to long-term oral and overall health. This exploratory study aimed to characterize and compare maternal and newborn oral microbiota among mother-infant pairs. Oral samples were collected from 34 pregnant African American women and their infants at 1 to 3 months of age.

Perils of Antithrombotic Transitions: Effect of Oral Factor Xa Inhibitors on the Heparin Antifactor Xa Assay.

Background: Oral factor Xa inhibitors (OFXais) may interfere with the heparin antifactor Xa (antiXa) assay. The best method to measure heparin activity during the transition from an OFXai to intravenous (IV) unfractionated heparin (UFH) remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of transitioning from an OFXai to UFH.