A novel conditioning regimen with pre-transplantation immunosuppression reduces the complication rates in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia.

Background: Allo-HSCT is a curative therapy for patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). The high incidence of transplant-related complications is becoming an obstacle to safe and effective unrelated donor (URD) transplantation.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we reported the survival outcomes and complications of transplantation in thalassemia patients using a novel regimen consisting of pre-transplantation immunosuppression (PTIS) and modified myeloablative conditioning based on intravenous busulfan, cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, and rabbit anti-human thymocyte immunoglobulin.

Theoretical Mechanism of Rh-Containing Species Catalyzing the Hydrogenolysis of Lignin Model Compounds Using -CO-H and -C-H Groups as Superior H-Sources.

The hydrogenolysis of lignin model compounds (MCs) into high-value chemicals has received increasing attention, but their catalytic reaction mechanisms are not yet very clear. Here, we report the reaction mechanisms of the hydrogenolysis of MC into 4-acetylanisole (AAL) and guaiacol (GAL) catalyzed by LRuCl (L = 4'-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine) with MC, H, and 1-phenylethan-1-ol (PEO) as the H-sources in aqueous solution with the Bro̷nsted base (NaOH), at the M06/def2-TZVP, 6-311++G (d,p) theoretical level, namely, RS-Self, RS-H, and RS-PEO, respectively. After dissociation in NaOH aqueous solution, the LRuCl compound can form a stable complex LRh (OH) as the initial catalytically active species.

Theoretical Insight into the Mechanism for the Cellobiose-to-Sorbitol Hydrogenation Over Diatomic Ru/NC Catalyst.

Ru/NC shows a good catalytic performance in cellobiose-to-sorbitol hydrogenation. However, the molecular origins of the selective orientation of the reaction pathway remain unclear. Here, we rationally designed the Ru/NC catalyst, for which Ru2@N8 V4 is preferred as the model.

Remote sensing monitoring of glacier area and volume changes in glacier-fed mountainous watershed on the Northern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under climate change.

Steady glacier runoff is related to the security and resilience of water resources in meltwater recharge basins, so the status and change of glaciers and their response to climate change in the upper reaches have received widespread concerns. Here, the spatiotemporal characteristics of glacier wastage in the Upper Reaches of Shule River Basin (URSRB) driven by climate change were analyzed based on multi-source and multi-temporal remotely sensed images. Firstly, we extracted multi-temporal glacier outlines from the Landsat time series data using Google Earth Engine (GEE) for seven different periods every approximately 5 years from 1990 to 2020.

Vaginal and endometrial microbiome dysbiosis associated with adverse embryo transfer outcomes.

Background: Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is the most effective method to treat infertility and the pathogenesis of implantation failure after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is a challenging filed in infertility. Microbes in the female reproductive tract are considered to be associated with gynecological and obstetric diseases. However, its effects on embryo implantation failure are unsured.

Theoretical comparison of fructose with methylglucoside for the production of formate and levulinate catalyzed by Brønsted acids in a methanol solution.

For the conversion of fructose/methylglucoside (MG) into both methyl formate (MF) and methyl levulinate (MLev), the C-source of formate [HCOO] remains unclear at the molecular level. Herein, reaction mechanisms catalyzed by [CHOH] in a methanol solution were theoretically investigated at the PBE0/6-311++G(d,p) level. For the conversion of fructose into MF and MLev, the formate [HCOO] comes from the C1-atom of fructose, in which the rate-determining step lies in the reaction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with CHOH to yield MF and MLev.

Mechanism of CO in promoting the hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone catalyzed by RuCl in aqueous solution.

A Ru-containing complex shows good catalytic performance toward the hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) with the assistance of organic base ligands (OBLs) and CO. Herein, we report the competitive mechanisms for the hydrogenation of LA to GVL, 4-oxopentanal (OT), and 2-methyltetrahydro-2,5-furandiol (MFD) with HCOOH or H as the H source catalyzed by RuCl in aqueous solution at the M06/def2-TZVP, 6-311++G(d,p) theoretical level. Kinetically, the hydrodehydration of LA to GVL is predominant, with OT and MFD as side products.

Delaying age at first sexual intercourse provides protection against oral cavity cancer: a mendelian randomization study.

Aim: To investigate whether age at first sexual intercourse could lead to any changes in the risk of oral cavity cancer.

Methods: A two-sample mendelian randomization was conducted using genetic variants associated with age at first sexual intercourse in UK biobank as instrumental variables. Summary data of Northern American from a previous genome-wide association study aimed at oral cavity cancer was served as outcome.

Cooperative Catalysis Mechanism of Brønsted and Lewis Acids from Al(OTf) with Methanol for β-Cellobiose-to-Fructose Conversion: An Experimental and Theoretical Study.

Al-containing catalysts, e.g., Al(OTf), show good catalytic performance toward the conversion of cellulose to fructose in methanol solution.

Coordination of sorbitol to Ga(OTf) in the liquid phase: an experimental and theoretical study.

In a solution of sorbitol (SBT) and Ga(OTf) compounds, the coordination of sorbitol (SBT) to [Ga(OTf)] ( = 0-3) has been investigated, using both ESI-MS spectra and density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the M06/6-311++g(d,p), aug-cc-pvtz level using a polarized continuum model (PCM-SMD). In sorbitol solution, the most stable conformer of sorbitol includes three intramolecular H-bonds, , O2H⋯O4, O4H⋯O6, and O5H⋯O3. Through ESI-MS spectra, in a tetrahydrofuran solution of both SBT and Ga(OTf) compounds, five main species are observed, , [Ga(SBT)], [Ga(OTf)], [Ga(SBT)], [Ga(OTf)(SBT)], and [Ga(OTf)(SBT)].

microRNA-29b-3p/sirtuin-1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ suppress osteogenic differentiation.

Osteoporosis is described as an age-associated impairment of bone formation. microRNA (miR)-29b-3p was thought to be linked to osteoblast differentiation; however, the underlying molecular pathways are yet unknown. The study's goal was to look into the involvement of miR-29b-3p in osteoporosis and the pathophysiological mechanisms.

The positive feedback loop of MAD2L1/TYK2/STAT3 induces progression in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Purpose: Mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1 (MAD2L1) has been extensively studied in several malignancies; however, its role in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) remains unclear.

Methods: The expression of MAD2L1 was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The biological functions of MAD2L1 in B-ALL were explored through Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay (EDU), transwell assay, flow cytometry and xenograft models.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for detection of pathogens in children with hematological diseases complicated with infection.

Objective: Infection is one of the most common causes of death in children with hematological diseases. Here, we aim to investigate the value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the detection of causative pathogens in children with hematological diseases.

Methods: In this retrospective study, specimens from children with hematological diseases, who were admitted to Sun Yat-Sen University between June 2019 and September 2021, were collected for culture and mNGS.

[NRD assisted Ilizarov technique in the treatment of infected bone and soft tissue defect of tibia].

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of NRD assisted Ilizarov technique in the treatment of infected bone and soft tissue defect of tibia.

Methods: All 48 patients with infected bone and soft tissue defect of tibia were randomly divided into study group and control group from March 2013 to December 2020. There were 34 males and 14 females, aged from 24 to 55 years old with an average of (40.

Umbilical cord blood: A promising source for allogeneic CAR-T cells.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is an effective treatment for relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R ALL). However, autologous CAR-T cells derived from patients with B-ALL often show poor amplification ability, exhaustion, and anergy. To overcome these limitations, allogeneic CAR-T cells may be used as effective substitutes; however, which source would be the best substitute is unclear.

Amniotic membrane for covering high myopic macular hole associated with retinal detachment following failed primary surgery.

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of amniotic membrane (AM) for covering high myopic macular hole associated with retinal detachment following failed primary surgery.

Methods: Seventeen eyes of 17 patients whose axial length was more than 29 mm suffered from macular hole (MH) or MH associated with retinal detachment (RD), and had previously surgery of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and silicone oil (SO) tamponade. Half a year after the surgery, optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed that MH did not heal in all 17 eyes and RD was still maintained in 13 eyes of these 17 eyes.

Theoretical study on molecular mechanism of aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformyfuran catalyzed by VO with counterpart anion in ,-dimethylacetamide solution.

Vanadium-containing catalysts exhibit good catalytic activity toward the aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-diformyfuran (DFF). The aerobic oxidation mechanism of HMF to DFF catalyzed by VO with counterpart anion in ,-dimethylacetamide (DMA) solution have been theoretically investigated. In DMA solution, the stable VO -containing complex is the four-coordinated [V(O)(DMA)] species.

Mechanism of Preferential Hydrogenation of Hydroxymethyl Group to Aldehyde Group in 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural over W C-Based Catalyst.

A W C cluster was used to model a W C catalyst with the armchair model of activated carbon support, noted as W C /AC. Over W C /AC, the mechanism for the hydrogenation of both -H OH and -CHO groups in 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was theoretically studied in tetrahydrofuran at GGA-PBE/DNP level. 5-Methylfurfural was the major product from only hydrodehydration of the -CH OH group, whereas 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran was the minor product from the hydrogenation of both -CH OH and -CHO groups.

One-step synthesis of ultrabright amphiphilic carbon dots for rapid and precise tracking lipid droplets dynamics in biosystems.

Fluorescent probes enabling precisely labeling lipid droplets (LDs) in complex systems are highly desirable in life science for studying LDs-related physiological processes and metabolic diseases. However, most of the current LDs fluorophores fail to achieve rapid wash-free LDs labeling, especially in vivo labeling due to their strong hydrophobicity and poor water solubility. We report here one-step synthesis of highly efficient carbon dots (CDs) that feature robust solvatochromic emission, high quantum yield (QY) up to 76.

Production of l-Methionine from 3-Methylthiopropionaldehyde and -Acetylhomoserine by Catalysis of the Yeast -Acetylhomoserine Sulfhydrylase.

l-Methionine is an essential bioactive amino acid with high commercial value for diverse applications. Sustained attentions have been paid to efficient and economical preparation of l-methionine. In this work, a novel method for l-methionine production was established using -acetyl-homoserine (OAH) and 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde (MMP) as substrates by catalysis of the yeast OAH sulfhydrylase MET17.

high-throughput droplet vitrification of stallion sperm using permeating cryoprotective agents.

Stallion sperm is typically cryopreserved using low cooling rates and low concentrations of cryoprotective agents (CPAs). The inevitable water-to-ice phase transition during cryopreservation is damaging and can be prevented using vitrification. Vitrification requires high cooling rates and high CPA concentrations.

Efficacy and safety of MAO-B inhibitor versus donepezil in Chinese elderly stroke patients with Alzheimer disease: A potential therapeutic option.

This pilot study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MAO-B inhibitor in comparison with Donepezil (DNP) in elderly Chinese patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). In the present clinical trial, Chinese elderly patients aged ≥65 years with a confirmed diagnosis of AD were enrolled. The patients received MAO-B inhibitor (Selegiline 5 mg) or DNP 10 mg daily (reference) for 6 months.