Walnut PR10/Bet v1-like proteins interact with chitinase in response to anthracnose stress.

Walnut is a significant woody oil tree species that has been increasingly affected by anthracnose in recent years. Effective anthracnose control is crucial for walnut yield and quality, which requires a comprehensive understanding of the response mechanisms to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The PR10/Bet v1-like proteins are involved in defense against various disease, therefore, in this study, 7 JrBet v1s were identified from the walnut transcriptome (named JrBet v1-1~1-7), whose open reading frame (ORF) was 414~483 bp in length with isoelectric point ranging from 4.

Ultrahigh concentration exfoliation and aqueous dispersion of few-layer graphene by excluded volume effect.

Colloidal properties of nanoparticles are intricately linked to their morphology. Traditionally, achieving high-concentration dispersions of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets has proven challenging as they tend to agglomerate or re-stack under increased surface contact and Van der Waals attraction. Here, we unveil an excluded volume effect enabled by 2D morphology, which can be coupled with electrostatic repulsion to synthesize high-concentration aqueous graphene dispersions.

Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium effectors spiA and spiC promote replication by modulating iron metabolism and oxidative stress.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) poses a major threat to the health and safety of animal-derived foods worldwide. Recently, we have reported that S.

Maternal probiotic mixture supplementation optimizes the gut microbiota structure of offspring piglets through the gut-breast axis.

Delivery and weaning are major stressful events in sows and piglets, adversely affecting production and growth performance and causing economic losses to swine farms. Probiotics as safe antibiotic alternatives have great potential for use across all stages of livestock farming. Here, 18 pregnant sows from clinical farms randomly were divided into two groups: one fed a basal diet (CON group) and the other fed a basal diet plus a probiotic mixture CBB-mix (containing 1×10 CFU/g of [CJ21], 1×10 CFU/g of [BS15], and 1×10 CFU/g of [BL21]), for 20 days before delivery.

Noninvasive biomarkers implicated in urea and TCA cycles for metabolic liver disease.

Bile acid (BA) and its receptor FXR play crucial roles in metabolism, and dysregulated BA synthesis regulated by hepatic and bacterial enzymes causes metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Moreover, because ~ 75% of hepatic blood is from the gut, liver metabolism is influenced by intestinal bacteria and their metabolites. Thus, we used gut microbiota and metabolites from the urine and serum to uncover biomarkers for metabolic distress caused by Western diet (WD) intake, aging, and FXR inactivity.

The correlation between heavy metal chelation and transcriptional potential of GRAS genes in Broussonetia papyrifera.

In order to understand the adaptation mechanism of Broussonetia papyrifera to heavy metal stress and then promote its remediation and utilization, in this study, a total of 24 GRAS transcription factors were identified from B. papyrifera transcriptomes. Their complete ORFs were 597-2250 bp in length with encoding proteins 22.

Walnut phosphatase 2A proteins interact with basic leucine zipper protein JrVIP1 to regulate osmotic stress response calcium signaling.

Walnut is an important economic tree species that is susceptible to osmotic stress. Scientific cultivation management is an important way to improve the yield and quality of walnuts, which requires understanding the regulatory mechanisms in response to osmotic stress. Therefore, in this study, 15 protein phosphatase 2A () genes were identified from the walnut transcriptome (named ~) and their potential function responses to osmotic stress were elucidated.

A R2R3-MYB, BpMYB1, from paper mulberry interacts with DELLA protein BpGAI1 in soil cadmium phytoremediation.

Heavy metal pollution has become increasingly prominent, and bioremediation of heavy metal polluted areas is urgently needed. Broussonetia papyrifera is a pioneer tree species for vegetation restoration in the tailings area, while its molecular mechanism of heavy metal adaptation is not clear. Here, we report that a R2R3 MYB from B.

Bioinspired Hierarchical T Structures for Tunable Wettability and Droplet Manipulation by Facile and Scalable Nanoimprinting.

Developing surfaces that effectively repel low-surface-tension liquids with tunable adhesive properties remains a pivotal challenge. Micronano hierarchical re-entrant structures emerge as a promising solution, offering a robust structural defense against liquid penetration, minimizing area fraction, and creating narrow gaps that generate substantial upward Laplace pressure. However, the absence of an efficient, scalable, and tunable construction method has impeded their widespread applications.

Associations of Insecticide Exposure with Childhood Asthma and Wheezing: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Sanya, China.

Insecticide exposure may affect childhood asthma/wheezing, but evidence is scarce in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in Sanya, China. Generalized linear models were adopted to assess the associations of insecticide exposure with childhood asthma/wheezing, reported as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Acute Stress-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Attenuating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via Inhibiting the P2XR/NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway in Rats.

This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) against acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by acute stress (AS). Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Control, DEX, AS, AS + DEX, and AS + A438079. The results showed that AS led to AKI by increasing inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress-related indicators.

Bacillus cereus CwpFM induces colonic tissue damage and inflammatory responses through oxidative stress and the NLRP3/NF-κB pathway.

Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) from cow milk poses a threat to public health, causing food poisoning and gastrointestinal disorders in humans. We identified CwpFM, an enterotoxin from B.

Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities of Quinoa Polysaccharides.

Quinoa, known as the "golden grain" for its high nutritional value, has polysaccharides as one of its sources of important nutrients. However, the biological functions of quinoa polysaccharides remain understudied. In this study, two crude polysaccharide extracts of quinoa (Q-40 and Q-60) were obtained through sequential precipitation with 40% and 60% ethanol, with purities of 58.

Ultrasonic extraction of Moringa oleifera seeds polysaccharides: Optimization, purification, and anti-inflammatory activities.

Natural polysaccharides exhibit numerous beneficial properties, such as antioxidant, antitumor, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic activities. Moringa oleifera seeds are of high dietary and therapeutic value which drew a lot of attention. However, the regulation effect on anti-inflammatory activity of polysaccharides remains to be studied.

Effects of climate and environment on migratory old people with allergic diseases in China: Protocol for a Sanya cohort study.

Background: Several studies have reported that the mountain climate can alleviate asthma, however, the effect of tropical climate on migratory elderly, especially in people with respiratory or allergic diseases is unknown.

Objectives: This cohort study aims to explore impact of climate and environmental changes on allergic diseases in migratory old people.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we recruited 750 older migratory people, the majority of whom were homeowners to minimize the risk of loss to follow up.

Distinguish species or varieties based on chloroplast genomes.

Most plants belonging to the widely distributed genus are used for gardening. Interspecific hybridization of different species leads to blurred genetic backgrounds. To obtain more genomic resources and understand the phylogenetic relationships among species, the chloroplast genomes of 12 species, including nine varieties, were analyzed.

Uncovering the Gut-Liver Axis Biomarkers for Predicting Metabolic Burden in Mice.

Western diet (WD) intake, aging, and inactivation of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) are risk factors for metabolic and chronic inflammation-related health issues ranging from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) to dementia. The progression of MASLD can be escalated when those risks are combined. Inactivation of FXR, the receptor for bile acid (BA), is cancer prone in both humans and mice.

Physiological dynamics as indicators of plant response to manganese binary effect.

Introduction: Heavy metals negatively affect plant physiology. However, plants can reduce their toxicity through physiological responses. is a suitable candidate tree for carrying out the phytoremediation of manganese (Mn)-contaminated soil.

Oil content analysis of corn seeds using a hand-held Raman spectrometer and spectral peak decomposition algorithm.

Rapid, non-destructive and reliable detection of the oil content of corn seeds is important for development of high-oil corn. However, determination of the oil content is difficult using traditional methods for seed composition analysis. In this study, a hand-held Raman spectrometer was used with a spectral peak decomposition algorithm to determine the oil contents of corn seeds.

Rapid identification of artificial fragrant rice based on volatile organic compounds: From PTR-MS to FTIR.

The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from foods can reflect their internal properties. Artificial fragrant rice (AFR) is a fraudulent food product in which the flavor of low-quality rice is artificially enhanced by addition of essence. In this study, proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry, long optical path gas phase FTIR spectroscopy and fiber optic evanescent wave were used to analyze the characteristic mass-charge ratios signal and infrared fingerprint signal of four essence which may be used to make AFR, and the prepared AFR samples with different essence levels (0.