Serum and urine metabolomics study reveals a distinct diagnostic model for cancer cachexia.

Background: Cachexia is a multifactorial metabolic syndrome with high morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced cancer. The diagnosis of cancer cachexia depends on objective measures of clinical symptoms and a history of weight loss, which lag behind disease progression and have limited utility for the early diagnosis of cancer cachexia. In this study, we performed a nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics analysis to reveal the metabolic profile of cancer cachexia and establish a diagnostic model.

Protective Effects of Dexrazoxane against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Metabolomic Study.

Cardioprotection of dexrazoxane (DZR) against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity is contentious and the indicator is controversial. A pairwise comparative metabolomics approach was used to delineate the potential metabolic processes in the present study. Ninety-six BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two supergroups: tumor and control groups.

Plasma, urine and ligament tissue metabolite profiling reveals potential biomarkers of ankylosing spondylitis using NMR-based metabolic profiles.

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease mostly affecting the axial skeleton. Currently, anti-tumour necrosis factor α (anti-TNF-α) represents an effective treatment for AS that may delay the progression of the disease and alleviate the symptoms if the diagnosis can be made early. Unfortunately, effective diagnostic biomarkers for AS are still lacking; therefore, most patients with AS do not receive timely and effective treatment.

Highly effective configurational assignment using bisthioureas as chiral solvating agents in the presence of DABCO.

A highly effective (1)H NMR method for determining the absolute configurations of various chiral α-hydroxyl acids and their derivatives has been developed with the use of bisthioureas (R)-CSA 1 and (S)-CSA 1 as chiral solvating agents in the presence of DABCO, giving distinguishable proton signals with up to 0.66 ppm chemical shift nonequivalence. Computational modeling studies were performed with Gaussian09 to reveal the chiral recognition mechanism.

Analysis of metabolic characteristics in a rat model of chronic pancreatitis using high-resolution magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Pathological and metabolic alterations co-exist and co-develop in the progression of chronic pancreatitis (CP). The aim of the present study was to investigate the metabolic characteristics and disease severity of a rat model of CP in order to determine associations in the observed pathology and the metabolites of CP using high-resolution magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HR-MAS NMR). Wistar rats (n=36) were randomly assigned into 6 groups (n=6 per group).

NMR and LC/MS-based global metabolomics to identify serum biomarkers differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from liver cirrhosis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. However, current biomarkers that discriminate HCC from liver cirrhosis (LC) are important but are limited. More reliable biomarkers for HCC diagnosis are therefore needed.

Serum metabolic profiles reveal the effect of formoterol on cachexia in tumor-bearing mice.

Cancer cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome that cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support, and leads to the progressive wasting of body tissues, particularly the loss of lean muscle mass. Formoterol, a highly selective β2-adrenoceptor therapeutic drug, gives potential anabolic responses in the context of skeletal muscles and was widely confirmed to possess anti-cachexia effects. However, the possible metabolic pathways and the metabolite changes that initiate and maintain these anabolic responses remain poorly understood.

Metabolic profiling study of yang deficiency syndrome in hepatocellular carcinoma by h1 NMR and pattern recognition.

This study proposes a (1)H NMR-based metabonomic approach to explore the biochemical characteristics of Yang deficiency syndrome in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on serum metabolic profiling. Serum samples from 21 cases of Yang deficiency syndrome HCC patients (YDS-HCC) and 21 cases of non-Yang deficiency syndrome HCC patients (NYDS-HCC) were analyzed using (1)H NMR spectroscopy and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to visualize the variation patterns in metabolic profiling of sera from different groups. The differential metabolites were identified and the biochemical characteristics were analyzed.

Metabolic characteristics of acute necrotizing pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis.

The etiology and pathogenesis of pancreatitis remains unclear. In the presence of pancreatic inflammation, metabolite abnormalities appear before transformation of tissue structure and changes in functions occur. Detection of abnormalities in metabolite levels facilitates a greater understanding of the pathophysiological events and aids in the early diagnosis of the disease.

Proline-containing cyclopeptides from the marine sponge Phakellia fusca.

Four new cyclopeptides, phakellistatins 15-18 (2-5), together with five known cyclopeptides, phakellistatin 13 (1), hymenistatin 1, and hymenamides G, H, and J, were isolated from the South China Sea sponge Phakellia fusca. Their structures were elucidated by HR-ESIMS, NMR, and MALDI-TOF/TOF sequence analysis. The absolute configurations of the amino acid residues of 2-5 were assigned to be l by enantioselective HPLC analysis.

A metabonomic approach to early prognostic evaluation of experimental sepsis by (1)H NMR and pattern recognition.

This study proposes an NMR-based metabonomic approach to early prognostic evaluation of sepsis. Forty septic rats receiving cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were divided into the surviving group and nonsurviving group on day 6, while 20 sham-operated rats served as the control group. Serum samples were collected from septic and sham-operated rats at 12 h after surgery and analyzed using (1)H NMR spectroscopy.

Metabonomic study on ageing: NMR-based investigation into rat urinary metabolites and the effect of the total flavone of Epimedium.

The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of ageing on rat urinary metabolites and to evaluate the anti-ageing effects of the total flavone of Epimedium (TFE). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance based metabonomic analyses was performed on urine from rats aged 4, 10, 18 and 24 months, and rats administered with TFE. By multivariate analysis, 26 characteristic resonances were found to be highly related with the age of rats, and ten of them were structurally postulated as creatinine, lactate, alanine, acetate, acetone, succinate, allantoin, methylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine-N-oxide; these metabolites involve creatinine metabolites, aliphatic amines metabolites and some important intermediates or end products of energy metabolism.

A new cerebroside from Polygala japonica.

The isolation of a new cerebroside, 1-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S,4R,11E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxypalmitoylamino]-11-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (polygalacerebroside) (1), from the aerial part of Polygala japonica is reported.

Saponins from Polygala japonica and their effects on a forced swimming test in mice.

Five new triterpenoid saponins, polygalasaponins E (1), F (2), G (3), H (4), and J (5), along with eight known ones (6-13), were isolated from the aerial parts of Polygala japonica. Their structures were established by chemical and spectroscopic means. Forced swimming tests on mice showed that saponins 1 and 4 significantly reduce the immobility status by 58.

Preparative isolation and separation of a novel and two known flavonoids from Patrinia villosa Juss by high-speed counter-current chromatography.

Preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was successfully used for isolation and separation three flavonoids including bolusanthol B, a novel compound named 5,7,2',6'-tetrahydroxy-6,8-di(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl) flavanone and tetrapterol I from Patrinia villosa Juss using two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water at the volume ratio of 10:11:11:8 (v/v). A total of 25.4 mg bolusanthol B, 52.

[Convolution spectrometric determination of the effect of hydroxyl radical scavenger on UV radiation-induced DNA aberrance].

Convolution spectrometry was applied to determining the DNA aberrance induced by UV-A, UV-B and UV-C radiation, and the extent of minute aberrance was quantitatively expressed by the differential value of convolution spectra. The differential values of DNA solutions irradiated by UV-A, UV-B and UV-C increase in turn, indicating an increscent DNA aberrance. The addition of dimethylsulfoxide or mannitol to DNA solution decreases the differential value in respective way under UV-A, UV-B and UV-C radiation, representing different inhibitory effects.

Two new iridoids from Patrinia scabra.

From the roots of Patrinia scabra two new iridoids, 3-methylbutyric acid 7-hydroxy-7-hydroxymethyl-4-(3-methyl-butyryloxymethyl)-6-oxo-1,6,7,7a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl ester (1) and 6-hydroxy-7-methylhexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-3-one (2) have been isolated. Their structures were determined by means of NMR spectra and X-ray crystallographic analysis.

[Two new C21 steroidal glycosides from Marsdenia tenacissima].

Aim: To study the chemical constituents of Marsdenia tenacissima (Roxb.) Wight et Arn.

Methods: To separate compounds with various chromatography technology and to elucidate their structures by chemical and spectral analysis.

[Studies on immunocompetent constituents of Patrinia scabra Bunge].

Five compounds were isolated from the roots of Patrinia scabra Bunge separated and purified on sillica gel column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated on the physico-chemical properties and spectral data as lariciresinol(I), syringaresinol(II), scopoletin(III), quercetin(IV), ferulaic acid(V). All compounds were obtained from P.