The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for curative resected biliary tract cancers: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Despite complete resection, recurrence rate of biliary duct cancer (BTC) remains high, leading to poor prognosis. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) following radical resection may substantially reduce the recurrence risk by eradicating micrometastatic lesions. However, the benefits of postoperative ACT and the optimal ACT strategy are still unclear for BTC.

Intrinsic capacity and its association with predictors among Chinese empty nest older adults in communities: a latent class analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine Intrinsic Capacity (IC) subgroups and the association of IC subgroups with IC predictors in Chinese urban empty nesters.

Methods: A convenient sample of 385 older adults aged 60 and above in Community Health Service Center was recruited from Hei Longjiang Province, China, between June 2023 and December 2023. Latent class Analysis (LCA) was conducted to explore IC subgroups using the sensory, cognition, locomotion, psychological, and vitality domains of IC as input variables.

Polar coordinate-based background removal algorithm for 2D x-ray scattering data.

During the data collection of x-ray diffraction experiments with various detectors, background signals are often unavoidable along with the sample signal. Addressing the background during post-data analysis is not a straightforward task. In this work, we introduced an algorithm specifically designed to handle centrally symmetric two-dimensional x-ray diffraction data and processed the data using the Python programming language.

Integrated analysis of BSA-seq and RNA-seq identified the candidate genes for seed weight in .

Introduction: is a major oilseed crop of . The seed weight is one of yield components in oilseed crops. Research on the genetic mechanism of seed weight is not only directly related to the yield and economic value of Brassica juncea but also can provide a theory foundation for studying other Brassica crops.

Fabrication and performance enhancement of an InO/BiVO heterojunction for -butanol gas sensing applications.

Butanol, a highly toxic volatile organic compound, poses significant health risks. Consequently, the creation of efficient gas-sensitive materials for butanol detection holds substantial practical significance. This study employed a secondary hydrothermal technique to synthesize InO, BiVO, and their composite InO/BiVO.

Genomic island-encoded LmiA regulates acid resistance and biofilm formation in enterohemorrhagic O157:H7.

Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) O157:H7 is an important intestinal pathogen that causes severe foodborne diseases. We previously demonstrated that the genomic island-encoded regulator LmiA activates the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) genes to promote EHEC O157:H7 adherence and colonization in the host intestine. However, whether LmiA is involved in the regulation of any other biological processes in EHEC O157:H7 remains largely unexplored.

virulence gene-induced pulmonary and systemic tuberculosis in a young woman with normal immune function: A case report.

Background: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease and an important public health problem. Despite progress in controlling tuberculosis, the incidence of tuberculosis in China is still very high, with 895000 new cases annually. This case report describes the investigation of a case of severe disseminated tuberculosis in a young adult with normal immune function, conducted to ascertain why a () strain caused such severe disease.

One-Step Synthesis Strategy for a Platinum-Based Alloy Catalyst Designed via Crystal-Structure Prediction.

The industrial application of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells is limited by the high cost of platinum catalysts. In this study, we developed a one-step synthesis strategy for low-platinum alloy catalysts based on crystal-structure predictions. Using this method, we successfully prepared a low-platinum alloy catalyst, i.

Identification and expression analysis of lncRNAs in rice roots (Oryza sativa L.) under elevated CO concentration and/or cadmium stress.

The gradual rise of CO is one of the global climate changes, Cd stress is also a major abiotic stress factor that affects rice (Oryza sativa L.). The rice seedlings were treated under two CO concentrations and two CdCl concentrations for 7 days (treatments names: 400 ± 20 μmol mol CO and 0 μmol L CdCl concentrations, AC; 400 ± 20 μmol mol CO and 150 μmol L CdCl concentrations, Cd; 800 ± 20 μmol mol CO and 0 μmol L CdCl concentrations, EC; 800 ± 20 μmol mol CO and 150 μmol L CdCl concentrations, EC + Cd).

Dongting Lake algal bloom forecasting: Robustness and accuracy analysis of deep learning models.

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) pose a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems, prompting efforts to predict their occurrence for swift action by water management agencies. Despite the potential for high-precision forecasting through machine learning, the effectiveness of these models is often compromised by data quality issues, such as incomplete data sets, inaccuracies in historical records, inconsistencies in sampling methods, and the dynamic nature of environmental factors, leading to temporal and spatial variability. This study develops an early warning system for HABs using water quality data from a freshwater lake prone to such blooms.

Tailoring microbial fitness through computational steering and CRISPRi-driven robustness regulation.

The widespread application of genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs) across diverse sectors underscores the pressing need for robust strategies to mitigate the risks associated with their potential uncontrolled escape. This study merges computational modeling with CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) to refine GMM metabolic robustness. Utilizing ensemble modeling, we achieved high-throughput in silico screening for enzymatic targets susceptible to expression alterations.

Dental pulp stem cells derived exosomes inhibit ferroptosis via regulating the Nrf2-keap1/GPX4 signaling pathway to ameliorate chronic kidney disease injury.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has long represented a substantial global health challenge. Regrettably, current therapeutic interventions exhibit limited efficacy in halting the progression of CKD. Ferroptosis may play a crucial role in CKD, as indicated by substantial evidence.

Establishment and evaluation of a risk prediction model for coronary heart disease in primary Sjögren's syndrome based on peripheral blood IL-6 and Treg percentages.

Objective: This study aims to establish and evaluate a risk prediction model for coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) based on peripheral blood levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the percentage of regulatory T cells (Treg%). This model is intended to facilitate the timely identification of high-risk patients and the implementation of preventive measures.

Methods: Clinical data were collected from 120 pSS patients who visited the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between November 2021 and September 2023.

Cyclic Iodonium Ylide Unlocked Pd-Catalyzed α-Acyloxylation of Cyclic 1,3-Dicarbonyls with Carboxylic Acids.

To date, a general approach for the direct α-acyloxylation of cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyls remains challenging. Herein, we report a Pd-catalyzed α-acyloxylation of cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl-derived hypervalent iodine compounds with highly abundant carboxylic acids. Our approach utilizes a commercially available Pd(OAc) catalyst, which exhibits mild reaction conditions, scalability, operational simplicity, and robustness against moisture and air.

Synergistic core-shell boosts P-CoNiMoO@CoP-NiP bifunctional catalyst for efficient and robust overall water splitting.

Optimizing hydrogen adsorption and enhancing water absorption are essential for the design of effective hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts. Herein, a well-defined core-shell-structured P-CoNiMoO@CoP-NiP catalyst was synthesized on nickel foam via high-temperature phosphidation of heterostructured precursor CoMoO·xHO/NiMoO·xHO with hydrogen (H) assistance. This catalyst exhibits good HER performance, requiring only 24 mV of overpotential to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm, and long-term stability, maintaining a current density of 100 mA cm for over 100 h.

Quantitative mapping of pseudouridines in bacteria RNA.

RNA pseudouridylation is one of the most prevalent post-transcriptional modifications, occurring universally across all organisms. Although pseudouridines have been extensively studied in bacterial tRNAs and rRNAs, their presence and role in bacterial mRNA remain poorly characterized. Here, we used a bisulfite-based sequencing approach to provide a comprehensive and quantitative measurement of bacteria pseudouridines.

Asperosaponin VI inhibition of DNMT alleviates GPX4 suppression-mediated osteoblast ferroptosis and diabetic osteoporosis.

Introduction: Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is an insidious complication of diabetes with limited therapeutic options. DOP is pathologically associated with various types of regulated cell death, but the precise role of ferroptosis in the process remains poorly understood. Asperosaponin VI (AVI), known for its clinical efficacy in treating bone fractures and osteoporosis, may exert its osteoprotective effects through mechanisms involving ferroptosis, however this has not been established.

Dysregulation of DNA methylation in colorectal cancer: biomarker, immune regulation, and therapeutic potential.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, with morbidity and mortality ranking third and second among all cancers, respectively. As a result of a sequence of genetic and DNA methylation alterations that gradually accumulate in the healthy colonic epithelium, colorectal adenomas and invasive adenocarcinomas eventually give rise to CRC. Global hypomethylation and promoter-specific DNA methylation are characteristics of CRC.

Drug-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: In-stent restenosis (ISR) is the primary cause of stroke recurrence after intracranial stenting. Drug-eluting stents (DES) have recently shown great potential for reducing restenosis. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DES compared with bare-metal stents (BMS) for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS).

Photonic Dirac waveguide in inhomogeneous spoof surface plasmonic metasurfaces.

The metamaterial with artificial synthetic gauge field has been proved as an excellent platform to manipulate the transport of the electromagnetic wave. Here we propose an inhomogeneous spoof surface plasmonic metasurface to construct an in-plane pseudo-magnetic field, which is generated by engineering the gradient variation of the opened Dirac cone corresponding to spatially varying mass term. The chiral zeroth-order Landau level is induced by the strong pseudo-magnetic field.