Molecular catalyst coordinatively bonded to organic semiconductors for selective light-driven CO reduction in water.

The selective photoreduction of CO in aqueous media based on earth-abundant elements only, is today a challenging topic. Here we present the anchoring of discrete molecular catalysts on organic polymeric semiconductors via covalent bonding, generating molecular hybrid materials with well-defined active sites for CO photoreduction, exclusively to CO in purely aqueous media. The molecular catalysts are based on aryl substituted Co phthalocyanines that can be coordinated by dangling pyridyl attached to a polymeric covalent triazine framework that acts as a light absorber.

Lentinan inhibits cell invasion via M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an aggressive and devastating cancer due to its metastasis induced by increased invasion. Lentinan is a polysaccharide exerting antitumor roles in multiple cancers, including lung cancer. However, the influence of lentinan on cell invasion in NSCLC remains unclear.

Construction of a BiVO/V-MoS S-scheme heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic nitrogen fixation.

Photocatalytic nitrogen (N) reduction to ammonia (NH), adopting HO as the electron source, suffers from low efficiency owing to the sluggish kinetics of N reduction and the requirement of a substantial thermodynamic driving force. Herein, we present a straightforward approach for the construction of an S-scheme heterojunction of BiVO/V-MoS to successfully achieve photocatalytic N fixation, which is manufactured by coupling an N-activation component (V-MoS nanosheet) and water-oxidation module (BiVO nanocrystal) through electrostatic self-assembly. The V-MoS nanosheet, enriched with sulfur vacancies, plays a pivotal role in facilitating N adsorption and activation.

Triisocyanate Derived Interlayer and High-Melting-Point Doping Promoter Boost Operational Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells.

Formamidinium lead triiodide serves as the optimal light-absorbing layer in single-junction perovskite solar cells. However, achieving operational stability of high-efficiency n-i-p type devices at elevated temperatures remains challenging. In this work, we implemented effective surface modifications on microcrystalline perovskite films.

Genetic Evidence Supporting Causal Roles of mTOR-Dependent Proteins in Rheumatic Fever: A Two-Sample Randomized Mendelian Study.

Background: The expression of signaling molecules downstream of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is dysregulated in patients with rheumatic fever (RF), but the causality of mTOR on RF remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the causal effects of the mTOR-dependent proteins in RF.

Methods: The summary data for targets of the mTOR signaling were acquired from the publicly available INTERVAL study GWAS data.

Short-term and low-dose IL-2 therapy increases the reduced Treg cells in patients with microscopic polyangiitis.

Objective: The breakdown of immune tolerance mediated by the reduced regulatory T (Treg) cell contributes to autoimmune diseases, which can be recovered by the short-term and low-dose interleukin 2 (IL-2). However, the role of Treg cells in microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and the efficacy of short-term and low-dose IL-2 for MPA remain unclear. Therefore, we performed a retrospective study to explore the role of Treg cells and evaluate the efficacy of short-term and low-dose IL-2 therapy in MPA.

Integrated Analysis of miR-7-5p-Related ceRNA Network Reveals Potential Biomarkers for the Clinical Outcome of Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of tumor-associated death and the fourth most commonly seen tumor across the world. Abnormal ncRNAs have been verified to be involved in potential metastasis via modulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition progression and are vital for the progression of cancers. Tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) are a vital indicator of whether cancer patients will benefit from immunotherapy.

Experimental and Kinetic Studies on Tobacco Pyrolysis under a Wide Range of Heating Rates.

In the present work, experimental and kinetic studies are conducted to explore and model tobacco pyrolysis characteristics under a wide range of heating conditions. First, thermal decomposition processes of a tobacco sample were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis/difference thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG) experiments under a wide range of heating rates (10-500 K/min), and the TGA/DTG profiles were compared to highlight the effect of heating rate on the pyrolysis characteristics. The results showed that the tobacco sample was sufficiently devolatilized at 1173.

Direct Z-Scheme Heterojunction of Ligand-Free FAPbBr/α-FeO for Boosting Photocatalysis of CO Reduction Coupled with Water Oxidation.

Up to now, the majority of the developed photocatalytic CO reduction systems need to use expensive sacrificial reductants as electron source. It is still a huge challenge to drive the photocatalytic CO reduction using water as an electron source. Herein, we report a facile strategy for the construction of direct Z-scheme heterojunction of LF-FAPbBr/α-FeO, which is manufactured by the in situ and two-step controlled growth of ligand-free formamidinium lead bromide (LF-FAPbBr) nanocrystals on the surface of α-FeO nanorods.

Glycine-Functionalized CsPbBr Nanocrystals for Efficient Visible-Light Photocatalysis of CO Reduction.

Capping ligands are indispensable for the preparation of metal-halide-perovskite (MHP) nanocrystals (NCs) with good stability; however, the long alkyl-chain capping ligands in conventional MHP NCs will be unfavorable for CO adsorption and hinder the efficient carrier separation on the surface of MHP NCs, leading to inferior catalytic activity in artificial photosynthesis. Herein, CsPbBr nanocrystals with short-chain glycine as ligand are constructed through a facile ligand-exchange strategy. Owing to the reduced hindrance of glycine and the presence of the amine group in glycine, the photogenerated carrier separation and CO uptake capacity are noticeably improved without compromising the stability of the MHP NCs.

Ultrathin and Small-Size Graphene Oxide as an Electron Mediator for Perovskite-Based Z-Scheme System to Significantly Enhance Photocatalytic CO Reduction.

The judicious design of efficient electron mediators to accelerate the interfacial charge transfer in a Z-scheme system is one of the viable strategies to improve the performance of photocatalysts for artificial photosynthesis. Herein, ultrathin and small-size graphene oxide (USGO) nanosheets are constructed and employed as the electron mediator to elaborately exploit an efficient CsPbBr -based all-solid-state Z-scheme system in combination with α-Fe O for visible-light-driven CO reduction with water as the electron source. CsPbBr and α-Fe O can be closely anchored on USGO nanosheets, owing to the existence of interfacial strong chemical bonding behaviors, which can significantly accelerate the photogenerated carrier transfer between CsPbBr and α-Fe O .

A halide perovskite as a catalyst to simultaneously achieve efficient photocatalytic CO reduction and methanol oxidation.

A halide perovskite based photocatalyst has been demonstrated for the first time to simultaneously achieve efficient photocatalytic CO reduction and methanol oxidation, exhibiting an exciting yield of 1835 μmol g for photocatalytic CO-to-CO conversion. Moreover, almost stoichiometric value-added formic acid can be produced from methanol oxidation.

Engineering a CsPbBr-based nanocomposite for efficient photocatalytic CO reduction: improved charge separation concomitant with increased activity sites.

Metal-halide perovskite nanocrystals have emerged as one of the promising photocatalysts in the photocatalysis field owing to their low-cost and excellent optoelectronic properties. However, this type of nanocrystals generally displays low activity in photocatalytic CO reduction owing to the lack of intrinsic catalytic sites and insufficient charge separation. Herein, we functionalized CsPbBr nanocrystals with graphitic carbon nitride, containing titanium-oxide species (TiO-CN) to develop an efficient composite catalyst system for photocatalytic CO reduction using water as the electron source.

Water-Tolerant Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals as Efficient Photocatalysts for Visible-Light-Driven CO Reduction in Pure Water.

Lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystals have recently been actively investigated for photocatalysis, owing to their inexpensive fabrication and excellent optoelectronic properties. However, LHP nanocrystals have not been used for artificial photosynthesis in aqueous solution, owing to their high sensitivity to water. In this study, water-tolerant cobalt-doped CsPbBr /Cs PbBr nanocrystals have been prepared with the protection of hexafluorobutyl methacrylate.

Encapsulating Perovskite Quantum Dots in Iron-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for Efficient Photocatalytic CO Reduction.

Improving the stability of lead halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) in a system containing water is the key for their practical application in artificial photosynthesis. Herein, we encapsulate low-cost CH NH PbI (MAPbI ) perovskite QDs in the pores of earth-abundant Fe-porphyrin based metal organic framework (MOF) PCN-221(Fe ) by a sequential deposition route, to construct a series of composite photocatalysts of MAPbI @PCN-221(Fe ) (x=0-1). Protected by the MOF the composite photocatalysts exhibit much improved stability in reaction systems containing water.

Agomelatine versus fluoxetine in glycemic control and treating depressive and anxiety symptoms in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects: a single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Depressive and anxiety symptoms could seriously affect the quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects. Currently, little is known about the efficacy and acceptability of agomelatine versus fluoxetine in treating these symptoms in T2DM subjects. Therefore, this study was performed to find out which one was better in treating these symptoms in T2DM subjects.

FeCl as a low-cost and efficient p-type dopant of Spiro-OMeTAD for high performance perovskite solar cells.

Chemical doping is a viable tactic to improve the charge transporting properties of organic semiconductors in efficient perovskite solar cells. In this paper, we first employ the low-cost inorganic salt FeCl as a chemical dopant to replace the traditional expensive cobalt complex for the oxidization of 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(,-dimethoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), a typical organic hole-transporter. Based on the joint measurements of electron absorption spectra, cyclic voltammetry, and the hole-only device, we reveal that FeCl can effectively oxidize Spiro-OMeTAD and improve the hole transporting properties of Spiro-OMeTAD.