ZBP1 condensate formation synergizes Z-NAs recognition and signal transduction.

Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) is a crucial player in the intracellular recognition of Z-form nucleic acids (Z-NAs) through its Zαβ domain, initiating downstream interactions with RIPK1 and RIPK3 via RHIM domains. This engagement leads to the assembly of PANoptosomes, ultimately inducing programmed cell death to curb pathogen dissemination. How Zαβ and RHIM domain cooperate to trigger Z-NAs recognition and signal transduction remains unclear.

Synthesis and Evaluation of [Cu]Cu-NOTA-HFn for PET Imaging of Transferrin Receptor 1 Expression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

As recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common cause of death among patients with NPC, there is an urgent clinical need for the development of precision diagnosis to guide personalized treatment. Recent emerging evidence substantiates the increased expression of transferrin receptor 1 (also known as cluster of differentiation 71, CD71) within tumor tissues and the inherent targeting capability of natural heavy-chain ferritin (HFn) toward CD71. This study aimed to synthesize and assess a radiotracer ([Cu]Cu-NOTA-HFn) designed to target CD71 for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in an NPC tumor-bearing mouse model.

Development and reliability testing of a risk factor and risk outcome assessment scale for nurses in "internet + nursing services" for the elderly.

Background: China is experiencing an aging population, leading to a significant demand for "Internet + nursing services" tailored for elderly individuals. However, there are many risk problems in the process of nurse service, which hinder the development of the service, and a scale is needed to assess the risk problems faced by nurses in "Internet + nursing services" for the elderly.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop an assessment scale for risk factors and outcomes related to nurses' involvement in the "Internet + Nursing Service" for the elderly and to assess its reliability and validity.

One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of metal-doped carbon dot nanozymes using protein cages as precursors.

Metal-doped carbon dots represent a new class of promising nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity, whose properties such as fluorescence properties and enzyme-like activity are determined by the precursors and the conditions used to prepare them. Nowadays, the synthesis of carbon dots using naturally occurring precursors has attracted increasing attention. Here, using metal-loaded horse spleen ferritin as a precursor, we report a facile one-pot hydrothermal strategy to synthesise metal-doped fluorescent carbon dots with enzyme-like activity.

PET Imaging of P2X7 Receptor (P2X7R) for Neuroinflammation with Improved Radiosynthesis of Tracer in Mice and Non-human Primates.

The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is a key neuroinflammation target in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Improved radiosynthesis was developed according to the previously reported P2X7R antagonist GSK1482160. Biodistribution, radiometabolite, and dynamic positron emission tomography/computed tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (PET/CT-MRI) of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) rat model and the transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) revealed a stable, low uptake of in the brain of healthy rats but a higher standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) in LPS-treated rats (1.

Hetero-aryl bromide precursor fluorine-18 radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of a novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracer [F]GSK1482160.

The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), an ATP gated ion channel, is an important therapeutic target for various inflammatory immune and neurodegenerative diseases. A novel P2X7R targeting radiotracer GSK1482160 was radiosynthesized by hetero-aryl bromides precursor 10 with [F]EtNF, 20-30 % radiochemical yield, > 68 GBq/μmol specific activity, >98 % radiochemical purity. Evaluation in healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats revealed that [F]GSK1482160 ([F]11) was stably retained 87.

BuyangHuanwu Decoction attenuates cerebral vasospasm caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats via PI3K/AKT/eNOS axis.

The ancient Chinese remedy BuyangHuanwu Decoction (BHD) is used to treat qi deficit and blood stasis conditions. This work investigated the effect of BHD on cerebral vasospasm (CVS) caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Rats were randomly assigned into four groups: control group, SAH group, SAH + BHD [13 g/(kg day)] group, and SAH + BHD [26 g/(kg day)] group.

Enhanced spreading, migration and osteodifferentiation of HBMSCs on macroporous CS-Ta - A biocompatible macroporous coating for hard tissue repair.

Macroporous tantalum (Ta) coating was produced on titanium alloy implant for bone repair by cold spray (CS) technology, which is a promising technology for oxygen sensitive materials. The surface characteristics as well as in vitro cytocompatibility were systematically evaluated. The results showed that a rough and macroporous CS-Ta coating was formed on the Ti6Al4V (TC4) alloy surfaces.

Calixanthomycin A: Asymmetric Total Synthesis and Structural Determination.

We report the first asymmetric total synthesis and structural determination of calixanthomycin A. Taking advantage of a modular strategy, a concise approach was developed to assemble the hexacyclic skeleton with both enantiomers of the lactone A ring. Stereoselective glycosylation coupled the angular hexacyclic framework with a monosaccharide fragment to produce calixanthomycin A and its stereoisomers.

Hydrogen Bubble-Directed Tubular Structure: A Novel Mechanism to Facilely Synthesize Nanotube Arrays with Controllable Wall Thickness.

Nanowire arrays can be conveniently fabricated by electrodeposition methods using porous anodized alumina oxide templates. They have found applications in numerous fields. Nanotube arrays, with their hollow structure and much enhanced surface-to-volume ratio, as well as an additional tuning parameter in tube wall thickness, promise additional functions compared with nanowire arrays.

Solution-Phase DNA-Compatible Pictet-Spengler Reaction Aided by Machine Learning Building Block Filtering.

The application of machine learning toward DNA encoded library (DEL) technology is lacking despite obvious synergy between these two advancing technologies. Herein, a machine learning algorithm has been developed that predicts the conversion rate for the DNA-compatible reaction of a building block with a model DNA-conjugate. We exemplify the value of this technique with a challenging reaction, the Pictet-Spengler, where acidic conditions are normally required to achieve the desired cyclization between tryptophan and aldehydes to provide tryptolines.

Palladium-mediated Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction of Potassium Boc-protected aminomethyltrifluoroborate with DNA-Conjugated aryl bromides for DNA-Encoded chemical library synthesis.

A mild reaction for DNA-compatible, palladium promoted Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of potassium Boc-protected aminomethyltrifluoroborate with DNA-conjugated aryl bromides has been developed efficiently. This novel DNA encoded chemistry reaction proceeded well with a wide range of functional group tolerance, including aryl bromides and heteroaryl bromides. Further, the utility our DNA conjugated aminomethylated arene products is demonstrated by reaction with various types of reagents (including amide formation with carboxylic acids, alkylation with aldehydes, and carbamoylation with amines) as would be desired for the production of a DNA encoded library.

DNA Compatible Intermolecular Wittig Olefination for the Construction of α, β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.

A robust DNA-compatible Wittig reaction mediated by PPhCH has been validated for DNA-conjugated α-chloroacetamides with aldehydes and, alternatively, DNA-conjugated aldehydes with α-halo acetamides or ketones. Further, 2-aminopyridines were acylated with α-chloroacetyl chloride and then reacted with DNA-conjugated aldehydes. Lastly, a pilot library employing our optimized Wittig reaction protocol was synthesized.

Structural and Functional Insights Into CmGH1, a Novel GH39 Family β-Glucosidase From Deep-Sea Bacterium.

Glucosidases play key roles in many diseases and are limiting enzymes during cellulose degradation, which is an important part of global carbon cycle. Here, we identified a novel β-glucosidase, CmGH1, isolated from marine bacterium E4A9. In spite of its high sequence and structural similarity with β-xylosidase family members, CmGH1 had enzymatic activity toward -nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (NPG) and cellobiose.

Convergent Synthesis of Kibdelone C.

The synthesis of kibdelone C, a polycyclic natural xanthone isolated from a soil actinomycete, was achieved through a convergent approach. A 6π-electrocyclization was applied to construct the highly substituted dihydrophenanthrenol fragment (B-C-D ring). InBr-promoted lactonization was employed to build the isocoumarin ring, which served as a common precursor for the formation of isoquinolinone ring (A-B ring).

Peptidoglycan-Sensing Receptors Trigger the Formation of Functional Amyloids of the Adaptor Protein Imd to Initiate Drosophila NF-κB Signaling.

In the Drosophila immune response, bacterial derived diaminopimelic acid-type peptidoglycan binds the receptors PGRP-LC and PGRP-LE, which through interaction with the adaptor protein Imd leads to activation of the NF-κB homolog Relish and robust antimicrobial peptide gene expression. PGRP-LC, PGRP-LE, and Imd each contain a motif with some resemblance to the RIP Homotypic Interaction Motif (RHIM), a domain found in mammalian RIPK proteins forming functional amyloids during necroptosis. Here we found that despite sequence divergence, these Drosophila cryptic RHIMs formed amyloid fibrils in vitro and in cells.

Structure insight of GSDMD reveals the basis of GSDMD autoinhibition in cell pyroptosis.

Recent findings have revealed that the protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) plays key roles in cell pyroptosis. GSDMD binds lipids and forms pore structures to induce pyroptosis upon microbial infection and associated danger signals. However, detailed structural information for GSDMD remains unknown.

Study on (P, N, Mo)-TiO2 Photocatalytic Coating and Its Photocatalytic Activities Under Visible Light.

Phosphorous (P), nitrogen (N) and molybdenum (Mo) ternary co-doped titania (TiO2) photocatalytic coatings were fabricated by Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying (CGDS) with (P, N, Mo)-TiO2 nano powders as feedshock. (P, N, Mo)-TiO2 nano powders and cold sprayed (P, N, Mo)-TiO2 coatings were characterized by SEM, Raman, XRD, XPS and UV-Vis spectra. Experiment results show that the characteristics of (P, N, Mo)-TiO2 nano powders can be remained in the coatings as more as possible by CGDS.

Study on P, N, and Mo Tri-Doped TiO2--Preparation and Photocatalytic Activities Under Visible Light.

Phosphorous (P), nitrogen (N), and molybdenum (Mo) tri-doped titanium dioxide ((P, N, Mo)-TiO2) were fabricated by hydrothermal method with titanyl sulfate (TiOSO4) and ammonium phosphomolybdate ((NH4)3H4[P4(Mo207)6]) as precursors. (P, N, Mo)-TiO2 was characterized by XRD, Raman, XPS and other advanced analysis devices. And the photocatalytic activites of (P, N, Mo)-TiO2 were evaluated using methylene blue (MB) and sulfosalicylic acid (SSA).

Effective photothermal chemotherapy with docetaxel-loaded gold nanospheres in advanced prostate cancer.

Background: Multifunctional gold nanospheres (MGNs)-loaded with docetaxel (MGN@DTX) were prepared and evaluated for therapeutic efficacy in nude mice bearing human prostate cancer xenografts.

Methods: MGNs were prepared from PEGylated hollow gold nanospheres (HGNs) coated with folic acid and DTPTT chelate. Then, the effect of radiolabelled MGNs ((99m)Tc-MGNs) on PC-3 cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry, while their binding affinity to these cells was evaluated by cell binding assays.

Novel highly emissive H-aggregates with aggregate fluorescence change in a phenylbenzoxazole-based system.

Fibrous nanoaggregates of a new benzoxazole-based derivative have been reported. This derivative exhibits not only H-aggregates but also strong yellow fluorescence, which is different from the traditional understanding of H-aggregates.