A bispecific nanosystem activates endogenous natural killer cells in the bone marrow for haematologic malignancies therapy.

Haematologic malignancies commonly arise from the bone marrow lesion, yet there are currently no effective targeted therapies against tumour cells in this location. Here we constructed a bone-marrow-targeting nanosystem, CSF@E-Hn, which is based on haematopoietic-stem-cell-derived nanovesicles adorned with gripper ligands (aPD-L1 and aNKG2D) and encapsulated with colony-stimulating factor (CSF) for the treatment of haematologic malignancies. CSF@E-Hn targets the bone marrow and, thanks to the gripper ligands, pulls together tumour cells and natural killer cells, activating the latter for specific tumour cell targeting and elimination.

Biogeography and assembly processes of abundant and rare soil microbial taxa in the southern part of the Qilian Mountain National Park, China.

Soil microorganisms play vital roles in regulating multiple ecosystem functions. Recent studies have revealed that the rare microbial taxa (with extremely low relative abundances, which are still largely ignored) are also crucial in maintaining the health and biodiversity of the soil and may respond differently to environmental pressure. However, little is known about the soil community structures of abundant and rare taxa and their assembly processes in different soil layers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP).

Association Between Preoperative Long-Term Poor Sleep Quality and Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Multi-Center Observational Study.

Background: Delirium is a common complication in elderly patients after cardiac surgery, and sleep disorders have been suggested as a potential risk factor. However, few studies have explored the link between long-term preoperative poor sleep quality and postoperative delirium (POD) in this population. This study aimed to investigate the association between preoperative sleep quality and POD in elderly cardiac surgery patients.

The Euphrates Poplar Responses to Abiotic Stress and Its Unique Traits in Dry Regions of China (Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia): What Should We Know?

At the moment, drought, salinity, and low-temperature stress are ubiquitous environmental issues. In arid regions including Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia and other areas worldwide, the area of tree plantations appears to be rising, triggering tree growth. Water is a vital resource in the agricultural systems of countries impacted by aridity and salinity.

Parental Attachment and Proactive-Reactive Aggression in Adolescence: The Mediating Role of Self-Control and Perspective Taking.

Introduction: Identifying risk and protective factors of aggressive behavior during adolescence is beneficial for the intervention and prevention treatments. Although studies show that attachment quality is closely related to aggression, the underlying psychological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the links of parental attachment with proactive and reactive aggression and to examine the mediating role of perspective taking and self-control among Chinese adolescents.

The safety and efficacy of remimazolam tosylate combined with propofol in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: A multicenter, randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Hypotension is the most common adverse event under propofol-mediated sedation and is possible to cause varying degrees of damage to patients. Whereas remimazolam has a poorer sedative effect than propofol.

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the advantages of the combination of remimazolam tosylate and propofol.

Mitigation mechanism of zinc oxide nanoparticles on cadmium toxicity in tomato.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution seriously reduces the yield and quality of vegetables. Reducing Cd accumulation in vegetables is of great significance for improving food safety and sustainable agricultural development. Here, using tomato as the material, we analyzed the effect of foliar spraying with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on Cd accumulation and tolerance in tomato seedlings.

Study on the Electrochemiluminescence of Pentaphenylpyrrole in the Aqueous Phase Based on Structure-Regulated Strategy.

Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds play a vital role in luminescent materials, but most of them face the challenges of aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) and poor water solubility. In this work, we present the nitrogen heterocyclic pentaphenylpyrrole (PentaPP) with an excellent aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (AIE-ECL) performance in the aqueous phase through the comparison of the elegant ECL luminophore 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP). Further studies suggest that such unique AIE-ECL arises from its propeller-like noncoplanar structure and the large conjugation from the phenyl groups on the ring.

Precipitation increase counteracts warming effects on plant and soil C:N:P stoichiometry in an alpine meadow.

Temperature and precipitation are expected to increase in the forthcoming decades in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, with uncertain effects of their interaction on plant and soil carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry in alpine ecosystems. A two-year field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of warming, precipitation increase, and their interaction on soil and plant C:N:P stoichiometry at functional groups and community level in an alpine meadow. Warming increased aboveground biomass of legumes and N:P ratios of grasses and community, but did not affect soil C:N:P stoichiometry.

Soil properties rather than plant diversity mediate the response of soil bacterial community to N and P additions in an alpine meadow.

The alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which is susceptible to global climate change and human activities, is subject to nutrient addition such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to enhance soil available nutrients and ecosystem productivity. Soil bacterial community partly drivers the effects of nutrient additions on ecosystem processes, whereas the factors influencing N and P additions on bacterial community in alpine meadows are not well documented. We conducted a N and P addition experiment in an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau with four treatments: untreated control (CK), N addition (N), P addition (P), and NP addition (NP).

Richness and distribution of endangered orchid species under different climate scenarios on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Predicting the potential influences of climate change on the richness and distribution is essential for the protection of endangered species. Most orchid species are narrowly distributed in specific habitats and are very vulnerable to habitat disturbance, especially for endangered orchid species on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). In this study, we simulated the potential influences of climate change on the richness and distribution of 17 endangered orchid species on the QTP using the MaxEnt model based on the shared socioeconomic pathways scenarios (SSPs) in the 2050s and 2070s.

Butyrolactone I attenuates inflammation in murine NASH by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and a key element in the exacerbation of NAFLD. Since there are currently no drugs approved by the U.S.

Kinsenoside alleviates inflammation and fibrosis in experimental NASH mice by suppressing the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has replaced viral hepatitis as the main driver of the rising morbidity and mortality associated with cirrhosis and liver cancer worldwide, while no FDA-approved therapies are currently known. Kinsenoside (KD), naturally isolated from Anoectochilus roxburghii, possesses multiple biological activities, including lipolysis, anti-inflammation, and hepatoprotection. However, the effects of KD on NASH remain unclear.

Development, Validation, and Comparison of Image-Based, Clinical Feature-Based and Fusion Artificial Intelligence Diagnostic Models in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Ground-Glass Nodules.

Objective: This study aimed to develop effective artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic models based on CT images of pulmonary nodules only, on descriptional and quantitative clinical or image features, or on a combination of both to differentiate benign and malignant ground-glass nodules (GGNs) to assist in the determination of surgical intervention.

Methods: Our study included a total of 867 nodules (benign nodules: 112; malignant nodules: 755) with postoperative pathological diagnoses from two centers. For the diagnostic models to discriminate between benign and malignant GGNs, we adopted three different artificial intelligence (AI) approaches: a) an image-based deep learning approach to build a deep neural network (DNN); b) a clinical feature-based machine learning approach based on the clinical and image features of nodules; c) a fusion diagnostic model integrating the original images and the clinical and image features.

An unprecedented ergostane with a 6/6/5 tricyclic 13(14 → 8)abeo-8,14-seco skeleton from Talaromyces adpressus.

Talasterone A (1), an unprecedented 6/6/5 tricyclic 13(14 → 8)abeo-8,14-seco-ergostane steroid, together with two known congeners dankasterone B (2) and (14β,22E)-9,14-dihydroxyergosta-4,7,22-triene-3,6-dione (3), were characterized from Talaromyces adpressus. The structure of 1 with absolute configuration was elucidated based on NMR spectroscopic data and ECD calculation. Compound 2 belongs to a class of unconventional 13(14 → 8)abeo-ergostanes, which have been renewed via the 1,2-migration of C-13-C-14 bond to C-8.

Methyl 6-O-cinnamoyl-α-d-glucopyranoside Ameliorates Acute Liver Injury by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress Through the Activation of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.

Excessive stimulation of hepatotoxins and drugs often lead to acute liver injury, while treatment strategies for acute liver injury have been limited. Methyl 6-O-cinnamoyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (MCGP) is a structure modified compound from cinnamic acid, a key chemical found in plants with significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects. In this study, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of MCGP on acetaminophen (APAP)- or carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced acute liver injury.

Norprzewalsone A, a Rearranged Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinol with a Spiro[cyclopentane-1,3'-tricyclo[7.4.0.0]tridecane] Core from .

Norprzewalsone A (), a rearranged polyprenylated polycyclic acylphloroglucinol (PPAP) with a new carbon skeleton, along with a new congener, norprzewalsone B (), were isolated from . Compound possessed a new 5/6/5/6/6 pentacyclic ring system based on a spiro[cyclopentane-1,3'-tricyclo[7.4.

Discovery of bioactive polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum wilsonii.

Eleven new polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs), hyperwilsones A-K (1-11), along with five known PPAPs (12-16), were isolated from Hypericum wilsonii. Their structures were established via spectroscopic methods, the careful analysis of calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, the modified Mosher's method, and [Rh(OCOCF)]-induced ECD. Hyperwilsone A (1) and hyperwilsone B (2) possessed the unique acetal functionality.

New Polyketides With Anti-Inflammatory Activity From the Fungus .

Two new polyketide compounds, asperulosins A and B (-), and one new prenylated small molecule, asperulosin C (), along with nine known compounds (-), were isolated and identified from a fungus . Their structures were extensively elucidated HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR analysis. The absolute configurations of the new compounds were determined by the comparison of their electronic circular dichroism (ECD), calculated ECD spectra, and the detailed discussion with those in previous reports.

Terpene-Shikimate conjugated meroterpenoids from the endophytic fungus Guignardia mangiferae.

Nine undescribed shikimate-conjugated meroterpenes, as well as nine known compounds, were isolated from solid cultures of the fungus Guignardia mangiferae, an endophyte obtained from the leaves of Dendrobium nobile. The structures of these undescribed compounds were characterized by analyses of their 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS data, and their absolute configurations were assigned by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, modified Mosher's method, and Mo(OCOCH)-induced ECD experiments. Of these compounds, mangnardone A represents the first example of terpene-shikimate-conjugated meroterpenoid with a hydroxy group at C-5.

Five undescribed steroids from Talaromyces stipitatus and their cytotoxic activities against hepatoma cell lines.

Five undescribed sterol derivatives, (22E,24R)-7α-methoxy-5α,6α-epoxyergosta-8(14),22-diene-3β,15β-diol, (22E,24R)-5α,6α-epoxyergosta-8(14),22-diene-3β,7β,15α-triol, (22E,24R)-3β,5α-dihydroxy-14β,15β-epoxyergosta-7,22-diene-6-one, (22E,24R)-6α-methoxy-7α,15β-dihydroxyergosta-4,8(14),22-triene-3-one, and (25S)-ergosta-7,24(28)-diene-3β,4α,6α,26-tetraol were isolated from the extract of Talaromyces stipitatus, along with eight known congeners. This is the first example of a class of ergosterols isolated from T. stipitatus.