International standard of Traditional Chinese Medicine techniques: clinical guidelines for dysmenorrhea (2022).

Dysmenorrhea is a common gynecological condition that is further divided into two categories, namely primary and secondary dysmenorrhea. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) gives good clinical results for the treatment of dysmenorrhea based on the basic principles of holistic view and syndrome differentiation. However, presently, the clinical practice guidelines in TCM for dysmenorrhea treatment are required.

Toxicity mechanism of acrolein on energy metabolism disorder and apoptosis in human ovarian granulosa cells.

Acrolein (ACR), an unsaturated, highly reactive aldehyde, is a widespread environmental toxin. ACR exerts permanent and irreversible side effects on ovarian functions. Granulosa cells play a crucial role in supporting ovarian function.

Effect of 2-deoxyglucose-mediated inhibition of glycolysis on migration and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells.

The proper invasion of trophoblasts is crucial for embryo implantation and placental development, which is helpful to establish a correct maternal-fetal relationship. Trophoblasts can produce a large amount of lactate through aerobic glycolysis during early pregnancy. Lactate creates a low pH microenvironment around the embryo to help uterine tissue decompose and promote the invasion of trophoblasts.

Zigui-Yichong-Fang protects against cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian insufficiency via the SIRT1/Foxo3a pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Zigui-Yichong-Fang (ZGYCF) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription for the treatment of infertility and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). It is clinically used to regulate hormone levels, improve ovarian reserve and increase pregnancy rate. However, the exact mechanism of action is not yet clear.

Shoutai Wan Improves Embryo Survival by Regulating Aerobic Glycolysis of Trophoblast Cells in a Mouse Model of Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.

Background: During embryo implantation, the blastocyst exhibits a high capacity for aerobic glycolysis, which results in a unique microenvironment of high lactate/low pH at the maternal-fetal interface. Shoutai Wan (STW) is an effective Chinese herbal formula widely used in the clinical treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). However, the specific molecular mechanism by which STW prevents abortion is yet to be elucidated.

Bushen Tiaojing (II and III) Decoctions Activate MAPK14 and MAPK3/1 to Promote the Expression of Cumulus Expansion-Related Factors in Mice.

Background: Bushen Tiaojing Decoctions (BSTJ-II-D and BSTJ-III-D) are used to assist pregnancy in clinical practice. In this study, we explored the ability of sequential administration of BSTJ-II-D and BSTJ-III-D to promote cumulus cell (CC) expansion and its underlying mechanisms in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) mice.

Methods: Kunming mice were randomly divided into three groups.

[Effect of Bushen Tiaojing Recipe containing serum on FSH/cAMP-PKA pathway in in vitro cultured human ovarian granular cells].

Objective: To explore the potential molecular mechanisms for Bushen Tiaojing Recipe (BTR) improving the endocrine function of ovarian granular cells by observing the effect of BTR containing serum on follicle stimulating hormone/cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A (FSH/ cAMP-PKA) pathway in in vitro cultured human ovarian granular cells.

Methods: The primary ovarian granular cells collected from in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer patients were cultured for 24 h. The human and rat serum containing different concentrations of BTR (low, medium, high dose), and their normal serums were co-incubated with ovarian granular cells for 48 h respectively, and then they were divided into the low, medium, high dose BTR groups and the control group.

[Effect of bushen tiaojing recipe and xiaoyao pill on expression of cathepsin-L mRNA in gonadotropin-primed mice].

Objective: To study the effect of Bushen Tiaojing Recipe (BTR) and Xiaoyao Pill (XP) on cathepsin-L (Cat-L) mRNA in mice.

Methods: Immature mice were randomly divided into the normal group, the control group, the BTR group and the XP group, three in each group. Cat-L mRNA expression in mice was detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at 0, 4, 8 and 12 h after injecting 5 IU (human chorionic gonadotropin, HCG).