Transgressive expression and dosage effect of A09 chromosome genes and their homoeologous genes influence the flowering time of resynthesized allopolyploid Brassica napus.

Background: The genomes of allopolyploids newly formed through hybridization and polyploidization exhibit substantial changes including those at genetic and epigenetic levels. These alterations may affect their gene expression patterns, leading to nonadditive gene expression. Currently, only a few reports are available on the impact of nonadditive gene expressions on traits.

Downregulation of the expression of subgenomic chromosome A7 genes promotes plant height in resynthesized allopolyploid Brassica napus.

Homoeolog expression bias and the gene dosage effect induce downregulation of genes on chromosome A7, causing a significant increase in the plant height of resynthesized allopolyploid Brassica napus. Gene expression levels in allopolyploid plants are not equivalent to the simple average of the expression levels in the parents and are associated with several non-additive expression phenomena, including homoeolog expression bias. However, hardly any information is available on the effect of homoeolog expression bias on traits.

Karyotyping of aneuploid and polyploid plants from low coverage whole-genome resequencing.

Background: Karyotype, as a basic characteristic of species, provides valuable information for fundamental theoretical research and germplasm resource innovation. However, traditional karyotyping techniques, including fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), are challenging and low in efficiency, especially when karyotyping aneuploid and polyploid plants. The use of low coverage whole-genome resequencing (lcWGR) data for karyotyping was explored, but existing methods are complicated and require control samples.

The ethylene glycol-mediated sol-gel synthesis of nano AlF: structural and acidic properties after different post treatments.

In this work, the structure and surface acidity of nano AlF prepared by the ethylene glycol-mediated sol-gel process, followed by different post treatments including post-fluorination and calcination, were systematically investigated. FT-IR, elemental analysis, XPS and TG-DTA-MS results indicate the ethylene glycol strongly interacts with the as-prepared AlF precursor, thus stabilizing the formed nano particles. MAS NMR spectroscopy combined with FT-IR and HRTEM techniques reveal that AlF, AlOF and AlO species are present in the resulting X-ray amorphous nano AlF.

Variation of iodine concentration in breast milk and urine in exclusively breastfeeding women and their infants during the first 24 wk after childbirth.

Objective: The aim of this study was to observe the variation of iodine concentration in breast milk and urine in exclusively breastfeeding women and their infants during the first 24 wk after childbirth.

Methods: In all, 634 exclusively breastfeeding mother-infant pairs were enrolled at hospital and followed at the 1, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 wk postpartum. Spot infant urinary iodine concentration (I-UIC), maternal urinary iodine concentration UIC (M-UIC), and breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC) in bilateral breasts were measured.

[Investigation and analysis of salt sales and public consumption in supermarkets in Tianjin after salt reform].

Objective: To investigate the consumption status of iodized and iodine-free salt and the attitude and reasons for Tianjin residents to choose salt after the reformation of the salt industry systems, and to provide a scientific basis for iodine supplementation and protect the public iodine adequate.

Methods: Stratified sampling method was used to investigate supermarkets of different sizes in 16 districts of Tianjin from December 2017 to May 2018. And 4-8 different sizes supermarkets were selected in the east, south, west, north, and middle directions of each district, and 25 consumers were selected in each district to conduct a questionnaire survey by Population Proportionate Sampling(PPS).