Protective effect of Apelin-13 on D-glutamic acid-induced excitotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cell line: An in-vitro study.

Excitotoxicity, resulting from excessive accumulation of glutamate in the extracellular space, leads to neuronal cell death. This study investigates the protective effects of Apelin-13 on D-Glutamic acid-induced excitotoxicity in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, an in-vitro model for neurodegenerative diseases. Unlike the commonly studied L-glutamic acid, this research focuses on D-Glutamic acid to understand its specific impacts.

Prognostic value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet indices in cats with feline panleukopenia.

The aim of this study was to ascertain the prognostic significance of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet indices during hospital admission in cats with feline panleukopenia (FPV). A prospective observational study was conducted on 24 cats diagnosed with FPV. The results of the study demonstrated a significant decrease in NLR, platelet count (PLT), and platelet concentration (PCT) in the FPV survivor group compared to the control group.

Effects of pioglitazone and metformin on abdominal adhesion formation in an experimental model.

Background: This study evaluated the use of metformin or pioglitazone in preventing or reducing the development of post-operative intra-abdominal adhesion (PIAA) by employing histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses in an experimental adhesion model.

Methods: Fifty Wistar-Albino rats were divided into five groups: Group I (Control), Group II (Sham Treatment), Group III (Hy-aluronic Acid), Group IV (Metformin), and Group V (Pioglitazone). Adhesions were induced in the experimental groups, except for the sham group, using the scraping method.

Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol protects cardiac tissue against endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stresses, apoptosis, and inflammation in rats with hyperinsulinemia.

Objectives: In our study, we aimed to examine how δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) administration to hyperinsulinemia (HI) model rats would change endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in cardiac tissue.

Methods: Rats were divided into four groups (n = 32): Control (C), THC, HI, and Treatment (Tre). Fructose (10%) in the drinking water was given to HI and Tre rats for 12 weeks.

Significance of Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 Lys496Glu gene polimorphism on plasma redox status regulation in laryngeal carcinoma.

Background: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a surface glycoprotein important for tumor invasion and angiogenesis. The present research is conducted to investigate whether specific gene polymorphism of ICAM-1 K469E (rs5498) and plasma redox status could be associated with laryngeal cancer (LC) development. Since there is no clear evidence which investigates the relationship between ICAM-1 polymorphism and ROS-mediated plasma protein oxidation in LC, our study is the first significant contribution for investigating the relationship.

Antioxidant effect of Rosa pimpinellifolia L. fruit extract on cholestatic liver injury: an experimental study.

Background: Antioxidants have been considered a rational curative strategy to prevent and cure liver diseases involving oxidative stress. An acute obstructive jaundice rat model was established to investigate the in vivo hepatoprotective efficacy of Rosa pimpinellifolia L.

Methods: The experimental jaundice model was performed by binding the main bile duct in 25 male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 expression levels in pro-inflammatory response in calves with neonatal systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

The objective of this study was to investigate the mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α), serum immunoglobulin profiles (IgG and IgM), and lipid peroxidation status (MDA) in relation to pro-inflammatory cytokines. A case-controlled, prospective, and observational investigation was completed on 85 calves. Total RNA was isolated from whole blood samples of both the SIRS and healthy calves, followed by reverse transcription into cDNA.

Prognostic potential of inflammatory markers, oxidative status, thrombocyte indices, and renal biochemical markers in neonatal calf diarrhoea-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

The study aimed to assess the prognostic value of inflammatory markers, indicators of oxidative stress, thrombocyte indices, and renal biochemical markers in neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD) induced by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) upon admission. A prospective, observational, and case-control study was conducted on 56 calves diagnosed with NCD. Mean concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (Crea) were measured.

Investigation of haematological, inflammatory and immunological response in naturally infected cattle with Theileria annulata.

In this study, we aimed to investigate haematological, pro-inflammatory, inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and immunological responses in naturally Theileria annulata-infected cattle. The study material consisted of 25 Simmental cattle, 2-4 years of age, one of which was a control group consisting of healthy animals (Control group, n = 10), and the other was a Theileria group that include animals positive for Theileria annulata (Theileria group, n = 15). Haematological analysis (red blood cell [RBC], haemoglobin [HGB], haematocrit [HCT]), pro-inflammatory (tumour necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], nuclear factor kappa B [NF-ĸB] and interleukin-1 beta, [IL-1β]), inflammatory (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio [NLR]), anti-inflammatory (interleukin-10 [IL-10]) and antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) analyses were performed by using ELISA kit from blood samples.

Tobacco smoke induces oxidative stress and alters pro-inflammatory cytokines and some trace elements in healthy indoor cats.

This study was aimed to assess oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and some trace elements in healthy pet cats exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Forty healthy cats were included in this study. Cats were divided in two groups: Exposed to tobacco smoke (ETS; n = 20) and non-exposed to tobacco smoke (NETS; n = 20).

The Role of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β in the Zinc-Mediated Neuroprotective Effect of Metformin in Rats with Glutamate Neurotoxicity.

Metformin has been suggested to have protective effects on the central nervous system, but the mechanism is unknown. The similarity between the effects of metformin and the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β suggests that metformin may inhibit GSK-3β. In addition, zinc is an important element that inhibits GSK-3β by phosphorylation.

Potential therapeutic effects of ethyl pyruvate in an experimental rat appendicitis model.

Background: Pathophysiology of appendicitis is associated with the underlying inflammatory processes. Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has potent antioxidant and anti inflammatory properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of EP on the treatment of appendicitis and to examine whether adding EP to the antibiotic treatment could increases the effectiveness of the treatment in a rat appendicitis model.

Contribution of Human Trophoblast Progenitor Cells to Neurogenesis in Rat Focal Cerebral Ischemia Model.

Objective: : A decrease in the blood flow below a current level in the brain results in ischemia. Studies demonstrated that human trophoblast progenitor cells (hTPCs) contribute to the treatment of many diseases. Therefore, hTPCs might be a promising source to repair ischemia in cerebral ischemia models.

Oxidative stress and inflammatory response of ghrelin on myocardial and aortic tissues in insulin-resistant rats.

Objectives: This study was designed to clarify the effects of ghrelin on myocardial and aortic tissues in insulin-resistant rats.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following groups: control (Group 1), insulin resistance (IR, Group 2), ghrelin (Group 3) and IR+Ghrelin (Group 4) groups. Levels of HOMA-IR, fibronectin, hydroxyproline, collagen-1, collagen-3, matrix metalloproteinase-3, and matrix metalloproteinase-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and oxidative stress parameters as protein carbonyl (PCO), lipid hydroperoxides (LHPs), malondialdehyde, total thiol were determined in myocardial tissue.

Early-adulthood caloric restriction is beneficial to improve renal redox status as future anti-aging strategy in rats.

Aims: Caloric restriction (CR) is an experimental approach proposed to alleviate age-related oxidative damage. In the present study, we investigated the consequences of CR on renal redox homeostasis in rats at a specific time frame in early-adulthood..

Novel biomarkers for the evaluation of aging-induced proteinopathies.

Proteinopathies are characterized by aging related accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates. Irreversible covalent modifications of aging proteins may significantly affect the native three dimentional conformation of proteins, alter their function and lead to accumulation of misfolded protein as dysfunctional aggregates. Protein misfolding and accumulation of aberrant proteins are known to be associated with aging-induced proteinopathies such as amyloid ß and tau proteins in Alzheimer's disease, α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease and islet amyloid polypeptides in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Proatherogenic Importance of Carbamylation-induced Protein Damage and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.

Introduction & Background: Protein carbamylation is a non-enzymatic and irreversible posttranslational process. It affects functions of numerous enzymes, hormones and receptors playing several roles in diabetes pathogenesis by changing their native structures. Detrimental consequences of oxidative protein damage comprise, but are not limited to glyoxidation, lipoxidation and carbonylation reactions.

Caloric restriction and redox homeostasis in various regions of aging male rat brain: Is caloric restriction still worth trying even after early-adulthood?: Redox homeostasis and caloric restriction in brain.

Despite recent studies have shown that caloric restriction (CR) could improve some functional loss associated with brain aging, the biochemical effects of CR on brain aging are still not well understood on a quantifiable biochemical basis, including whether CR could be protective when started around middle adulthood, when age-related neurodegenerative diseases are thought to set in. Therefore, in the light of more than ever aging societies and increasing neurodegenerative diseases, we aimed to test the biochemical effects of CR on redox homeostasis in different parts of male Sprague-Dawley rat brain by using the biomarkers we consistently validated in our previous work (TOS, PCO, AOPP, AGEs, sRAGE, P-SH, LHPs, 4-HNE, TAS, Cu, Zn-SOD). Our results indicate that oxidative stress biomarkers are lower in CR group, implying a more favorable redox status that has been previously shown to be correlated with better neural function.

Is D-Galactose a Useful Agent for Accelerated Aging Model of Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscle of Sprague-Dawley Rats?

Elderly population and age-related diseases are on the rise. On the contrary, aging studies are technically hard to conduct, because they require elderly animals, the maintenance of which requires ample effort and is expensive. To tackle this problem, D-galactose is used to hasten the aging process in various tissues in rodent models and it has been shown to successfully mimic the oxidative alterations that take place in the natural aging process in various tissues both by our group and others.

The effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on Krüppel-like factor-4 expression, redox homeostasis, and inflammation in the kidney of diabetic rat.

Diabetes mellitus is a complex, multifactorial disorder that is attributed to pancreatic β cell dysfunction. Pancreatic β cell dysfunction results in declining utilization of glucose by peripheral tissues as kidney and it leads to nephropathy. Excessive production and accumulation of free radicals and incapable antioxidant defense system lead to impaired redox status.

Integration of Melatonin Related Redox Homeostasis, Aging, and Circadian Rhythm.

Circadian rhythms (CRs) are intrinsic clocks organizing the behavior and physiology of organisms. These clocks are thought to have coevolved with cellular redox regulation. Metabolism, redox homeostasis, circadian clock, and diet offer insights into aging.