Characterization of Four Carboxylesterases Involved in Detoxification of β-Cypermethrin, λ-Cyhalothrin, and Malathion in .

Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a globally devastating pest and has evolved with varying levels of resistance to a broader spectrum of insecticides. CarEs are major enzymes involved in insecticide detoxification and metabolic resistance. Four genes were identified and cloned from , and the expression pattern analyses indicated that they were predominantly expressed in the detoxifying tissues and larval feeding periods.