The genome sequencing and comparative genomics analysis of Rhizoctonia solani reveals a novel effector family owning a uinque domain in Basidiomycetes.

Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne pathogen with 14 anastomosis groups (AGs), and different subgroups are genetically diverse. However, the genetic factors contributing to the pathogenicity of the fungus have not been well characterized. In this study, the genome of R.

Molecular characterization revealed the role of thaumatin-like proteins of AG4-JY in inducing maize disease resistance.

The gene family of thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) plays a crucial role in the adaptation of organisms to environmental stresses. In recent years, fungal secreted proteins (SP) with inducing disease resistance activity in plants have emerged as important elicitors in the control of fungal diseases. Identifying SPs with inducing disease resistance activity and studying their mechanisms are crucial for controlling sheath blight.

Rizatriptan benzoate-loaded dissolving microneedle patch for management of acute migraine therapy.

In this study, dissolving microneedles (MNs) using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly (1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (P(VP-co-VA)) as matrix materials were developed for transdermal delivery of rizatriptan benzoate (RB) for acute migraine treatment. permeation studies were conducted to assess the feasibility of the as-fabricated dissolving MNs to release RB. Drug skin penetration were tested by Franz diffusion cells, showing an increase of the transdermal flux compared to passive diffusion due to the as-fabricated dissolving MNs having a sufficient mechanical strength to penetrate the skin and form microchannels.

Fabrication of lidocaine-loaded polymer dissolving microneedles for rapid and prolonged local anesthesia.

There is an urgent need for research into effective interventions for pain management to improve patients' life quality. Traditional needle and syringe injection were used to administer the local anesthesia. However, it causes various discomforts, ranging from brief stings to trypanophobia and denial of medical operations.

Development and validation of dynamic nomogram of frailty risk for older patients hospitalized with heart failure.

Objective: This study aimed to establish and validate a dynamic online nomograph for predicting the risk of frailty in older patients hospitalized with heart failure in China.

Methods: A total of 451 older adults with heart failure hospitalized were selected between December 2021 and November 2022 at the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine in a Class A tertiary hospital in Shandong, China. The data of patients were obtained by using Barthel Index, instrumental activity of daily living scale, mini nutrition assessment-short form, Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale, Morse fall risk assessment scale and general information scale.

LncRNA LINC02574 Inhibits Influenza A Virus Replication by Positively Regulating the Innate Immune Response.

Studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating virus infection, host immune response, and other biological processes. Although some lncRNAs have been reported to be involved in antiviral immunity, many lncRNAs have unknown functions in interactions between the host and various viruses, especially influenza A virus (IAV). Herein, we demonstrate that the expression of lncRNA LINC02574 can be induced by IAV infection.

Genome Resource of Anastomosis Group 4 Strain AG4-JY, a Pathomycete of Sheath Blight of Foxtail Millet.

The basidiomycetous fungus Kühn (teleomorph [Frank] Donk) is a fungal pathogen that causes various diseases on economically important crops, such as foxtail millet, maize, and rice. Using the PacBio Sequel platform, we assembled a draft genome of an strain AG4-JY that was isolated from foxtail millet with sheath blight at the stem. The genome was approximately 43.

Accelerated evolution of an Lhx2 enhancer shapes mammalian social hierarchies.

Social hierarchies emerged during evolution, and social rank influences behavior and health of individuals. However, the evolutionary mechanisms of social hierarchy are still unknown in amniotes. Here we developed a new method and performed a genome-wide screening for identifying regions with accelerated evolution in the ancestral lineage of placental mammals, where mammalian social hierarchies might have initially evolved.

LTR-mediated retroposition as a mechanism of RNA-based duplication in metazoans.

In a broad range of taxa, genes can duplicate through an RNA intermediate in a process mediated by retrotransposons (retroposition). In mammals, L1 retrotransposons drive retroposition, but the elements responsible for retroposition in other animals have yet to be identified. Here, we examined young retrocopies from various animals that still retain the sequence features indicative of the underlying retroposition mechanism.