Mechanisms and roles of hydroxychloroquine in pregnancy in rheumatic diseases.

Introduction: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), originally an antimalarial drug, is currently used to treat multiple disorders, especially rheumatic diseases. Given its good efficacy and safety, HCQ is widely administered in pregnant patients. However, the safety profile of HCQ during pregnancy remains controversial due to limited research.

VRK2 promotes colorectal cancer growth and impedes immunotherapy and 5-FU treatment efficacy.

Vaccinia-Related Kinase 2 (VRK2), a member of the vaccinia virus-related protein kinase family, is crucial in regulating apoptosis and tumor cell growth signaling pathways. Despite its established roles in various cancers, investigations into its functions in colorectal cancer have been relatively limited. Utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases, this study assesses VRK2 expression across 33 cancer types, highlighting significant upregulation and diagnostic relevance, particularly in colorectal cancer, where it marks poor prognosis.

MRI manifestations and quantitative parameters of fat pad PDW-SPAIR in patients with knee osteoarthritis and their predictive value.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage and underlying bone, often leading to pain and stiffness. There is limited research on the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestations and changes in quantitative parameters of the proton density-weighted spectral attenuated inversion recovery (PDW-SPAIR) sequence in the fat pad of KOA patients.

Objective: To investigate the MRI manifestations and quantitative parameters of fat pad PDW-SPAIR in patients with KOA and their predictive value.

Association between maternal serum zinc and birth weight is modified by neonatal SOD2 polymorphism and promoter methylation.

Background: Conflicting findings exist regarding the association between maternal serum zinc and neonatal birth weight. This study aimed to explore the association between maternal serum zinc and birth weight, and whether this association was modified by neonatal SOD2 polymorphism and promoter methylation.

Methods: We recruited 464 mother-newborn pairs at Houzhai Center Hospital from January 2010 to January 2012.

Conformational dynamics and multi-modal interaction of Paxillin with the Focal Adhesion Targeting Domain.

Paxillin (PXN) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) are two major components of the focal adhesion complex, a multiprotein structure linking the intracellular cytoskeleton to the cell exterior. PXN interacts directly with the C-terminal targeting domain of FAK (FAT) via its intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain. This interaction is necessary and sufficient for localizing FAK to focal adhesions.

Phenotype-Led Identification of IL-10 Upregulators in Human CD4 T-cells and Elucidation of Their Pharmacology as Highly Selective CDK8/CDK19 Inhibitors.

Therapeutics promoting the endogenous production of IL-10 have the potential to restore homeostasis in inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here we describe the identification of a series of IL-10 upregulators based on a pyrimidyl-piperidine scaffold through a high throughput phenotypic CD4 T-cell multiplex assay. optimization of the initial hit yielded a lead with good potency and an clearance profile, compound 3-7, which additionally demonstrated efficacy in a murine endotoxin challenge PK-PD mechanistic model.

OsPIL15-Induced Delay in Rice Heading Date via Direct Binding to the OsLF Promoter is Dependent on Functional Phytochrome B.

Heading date of rice (Oryza sativa) is a key factor determining rice production and regional adaptability. We analysed the molecular mechanism of OsPIL15, encoding phytochrome-interacting factor-like protein, in delaying rice heading date. Overexpression of OsPIL15 delayed rice heading date by upregulating Hd1 and inhibiting Hd3a and RFT1 expression.

Study on the mechanism on Yi-guan-jian decoction alleviating cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Yi-guan-jian decoction (YGJ) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription commonly used for treating syndromes associated with Yin deficiency in the liver and kidney, as well as Qi-obstructed in liver.

Aim Of The Study: YGJ has shown potential alleviating cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the precise mechanisms are not yet fully understood.

Germination affects structural and techno-functional properties of proteins from quinoa seeds with increased realease of antioxidant peptides by gastrointestinal digestion.

This study investigated the impact of germination on quinoa protein (QP) composition, techno-functional properties, and the release of antioxidant peptides during gastrointestinal digestion. Germinated QP (GQP) at 36 and 48 h showed significant degradation of storage proteins. GQP12 and GQP24 exhibited increased surface hydrophobicity but decreased solubility, foaming, and emulsifying properties, while that of GQP60 and GQP72 were improved.

3D Bioprinting in Cancer Modeling and Biomedicine: From Print Categories to Biological Applications.

The continuous interaction between tumor cells and the local microenvironment plays a decisive role in tumor development. Selecting effective models to simulate the tumor microenvironment to study the physiological processes of tumorigenesis and progression is extremely important and challenging. Currently, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology makes it possible to replicate a physiologically relevant tumor microenvironment and induce genomic and proteomic expression to better mimic tumors .

Hemostatic effect of 3D-printed hip fixators in children with retinoblastoma after intra-arterial chemotherapy: a non-randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to investigate the benefits of using three-dimensional (3D)-printed hip joint fixators after intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) by inguinal femoral artery puncture in children with retinoblastoma. Overall, 79 cases of retinoblastoma who had undergone IAC through the femoral artery were selected and divided into an observation group of 50 cases and an intervention group of 29 cases according to the hemostasis method employed. The patients in the observation group were treated with sandbags for hemostasis, while those in the intervention group were given 3D-printed hip joint fixators to help immobilize the hips and sandbags.

Structural characteristics, biological activities and market applications of Rehmannia Radix polysaccharides: A review.

Rehmannia Radix Polysaccharides (RRPs) are biopolymers that are isolated and purified from the roots of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, which have attracted considerable attention because of their biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, hypoglycaemic etc. In this manuscript, the composition and structural characteristics of RRPs are reviewed. Moreover, the research progress on the conformational relationships and biological activities of RRPs is systematically summarized.

Solution NMR backbone resonance assignment of the full-length resistance-related calcium-binding protein Sorcin.

Sorcin is a penta-EF hand calcium-binding protein that confers multidrug resistance in cancer cells. It regulates cellular Ca homeostasis by interacting with calcium channels such as Ryanodine receptor 2 and Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase in a calcium-dependent manner. The crystal structure of the Sorcin has been determined in both calcium-free and calcium-bound states to understand calcium-binding induced conformational change.

Intelligent drugs based on notch protein remodeling: a defensive targeting strategy for tumor therapy.

In the process of tumor treatment, systemic drug administration is hindered by biological barriers, leading to the retention of a large number of drug molecules in healthy tissues and causing unavoidable side effects. The precise deployment of drugs at the tumor site is expected to alleviate this phenomenon. Here, we take endostatin and Her2 (+) tumors as examples and develop an intelligent drug with simple "wisdom" by endowing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with an intelligent response program (iMSC).

Association Study Between DRD2, DRD3 Genetic Polymorphisms and Adverse Reactions in Chinese Patients on Amisulpride Treatment.

Objective: To determine if the cardiac function and "endocrinium" of Chinese patients are associated with dopamine D () () and () genetic polymorphisms when treated with amisulpride.

Methods: This study enrolled 148 patients with schizophrenia who took amisulpride orally for 8 weeks. and genetic polymorphisms were detected with TaqMan-MGB allelic discrimination.

Identification and Characterization of miRNAs and lncRNAs Associated with Salinity Stress in Rice Panicles.

Salinity is a common abiotic stress that limits crop productivity. Although there is a wealth of evidence suggesting that miRNA and lncRNA play important roles in the response to salinity in rice seedlings and reproductive stages, the mechanism by which competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) influence salt tolerance and yield in rice has been rarely reported. In this study, we conducted full whole-transcriptome sequencing of rice panicles during the reproductive period to clarify the role of ceRNAs in the salt stress response and yield.

Preconception mitochondrial DNA copy number plays a crucial role in linking prenatal air pollution with the risk of preterm birth.

The relationship between maternal peripheral blood mitochondrial DNA and adverse pregnancy outcomes, specifically preterm birth (PTB), remains uncertain. To investigate the effects of preconception mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) on the association between prenatal air pollutants exposure and PTB risk, a total of 1871 expectant mothers from six regions in Henan Province were recruited. Information regarding air pollutants was obtained from 151 environmental monitoring sites, and relative mtDNAcn was evaluated using real-time PCR analysis.

Bibliometric analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies on chronic pain over the past 20 years.

Purpose: The utilization of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in studying the mechanisms and treatment of chronic pain has gained significant popularity. However, there is currently a dearth of literature conducting bibliometric analysis on fMRI studies focused on chronic pain.

Methods: All the literature included in this study was obtained from the Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection.

The effects of exercise on FGF21 in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a key hormone factor that regulates glucose and lipid homeostasis. Exercise may regulate its effects and affect disease states. Therefore, we sought to determine how exercise affects FGF21 concentrations in adults.

An artificial signaling pathway primitive-based intelligent biomimetic nanoenzymes carrier platform for precise treatment of Her2 (+) tumors.

In tumor treatment, the deposition of nanoenzymes in normal tissues and cause potential side effects are unavoidable. Here, we designed an intelligent biomimetic nanoenzymes carrier platform (MSC) that endows the carrier platform with "wisdom" by introducing Affibody-Notch(core)-VP64-GAL4/UAS-HSV-TK artificial signal pathways to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This intelligent nanoenzymes carrier platform is distinguished from the traditional targeting tumor microenvironment or enhancing affinity with tumor, which endue MSC with tumor signal recognition capacity, so that MSC can autonomously distinguish tumor from normal tissue cells and feedback edited instructions.

Enhanced therapeutic potential of Flotillins-modified MenSCs by improve the survival, proliferation and migration.

Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) have attracted increasing interest due to their excellent safety, and lack of ethical dilemma as well as their ability to be periodically obtained in a noninvasive manner. However, although preclinical research as shown the therapeutic potential of MenSCs in several diseases, their poor cell survival and low engraftment at disease sites reduce their clinical efficacy. Flotillins (including Flot1 and Flot2) are implicated in various cellular processes, such as vesicular trafficking, signal transduction, cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis.

Role and molecular mechanism of NOD2 in chronic non-communicable diseases.

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2), located in the cell cytoplasm, is a pattern recognition receptor belonging to the innate immune receptor family. It mediates the innate immune response by identifying conserved sequences in bacterial peptide glycans and plays an essential role in maintaining immune system homeostasis. Gene mutations of NOD2 lead to the development of autoimmune diseases such as Crohn's disease and Blau syndrome.

CLK2 mediates IκBα-independent early termination of NF-κB activation by inducing cytoplasmic redistribution and degradation.

Activation of the NF-κB pathway is strictly regulated to prevent excessive inflammatory and immune responses. In a well-known negative feedback model, IκBα-dependent NF-κB termination is a delayed response pattern in the later stage of activation, and the mechanisms mediating the rapid termination of active NF-κB remain unclear. Here, we showed IκBα-independent rapid termination of nuclear NF-κB mediated by CLK2, which negatively regulated active NF-κB by phosphorylating the RelA/p65 subunit of NF-κB at Ser180 in the nucleus to limit its transcriptional activation through degradation and nuclear export.

Moderate Salinity Stress Affects Rice Quality by Influencing Expression of Amylose- and Protein-Content-Associated Genes.

Salinity is an environmental stress that severely impacts rice grain yield and quality. However, limited information is available on the molecular mechanism by which salinity reduces grain quality. In this study, we investigated the milling, appearance, eating and cooking, and nutritional quality among three japonica rice cultivars grown either under moderate salinity with an electrical conductivity of 4 dS/m or under non-saline conditions in a paddy field in Dongying, Shandong, China.