Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of oxazolidinone derivatives containing N-methylglycyl or quaternary ammonium salts.

The continuous evolution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria to existing antibiotic treatment regimens poses a serious threat to human health, so the discovery of new and potent antimicrobial drugs that are less likely to develop resistance is of great clinical significance. As a result, oxazolidinone antibiotics have emerged as a significant class of bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors, with particular success in the treatment of MDR Gram-positive infections. Herein, a series of novel C-ring modified oxazolidinone derivatives with the introduction of N-methylglycyl groups or quaternary ammonium salts were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial efficacy, among which most of the N-methylglycyl derivatives showed significant activity against E.

Do compression garments enhance running performance? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the wide use of compression garments to enhance athletic running performance, evidence supporting improvements has not been conclusive. This updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared the effects of compression garment wearing with those of non-compression garment wearing (controls) during running on improving running performance.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in the electronic databases (Web of Science, EBSCOhost, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane) for RCTs comparing running performance between runners wearing compression garments and controls during running, from inception to September 2024.

Reversing Persistent PTEN Activation after Traumatic Brain Injury Fuels Long-Term Axonal Regeneration via Akt/mTORC1 Signaling Cascade.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to enduring axonal damage and persistent neurological deficits. While PTEN's role in neuronal growth is recognized, its long-term activation changes post-TBI and its effects on sensory-motor circuits are not well understood. Here, it is demonstrated that the neuronal knockout of PTEN (PTEN-nKO) significantly enhances both structural and functional recovery over the long term after TBI.

Effects of surfactin stress on gene expression and pathological changes in Spodoptera litura.

Spodoptera litura (S. litura) is a polyphagous pest of the family Lepidoptera, which causes damage and yields losses to many crops. The long-term use of chemical pesticides for control not only seriously threatens environmental health, but also causes S.

LncRNA H19 knockdown promotes neuropathologic and functional recovery via the Nrf2/HO-1 axis after traumatic brain injury.

Aims: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) stands as a significant concern in public health, frequently leading to enduring neurological deficits. Long non-coding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) exerts a potential regulator role in the pathology of brain injury. This study investigates the effects of lncRNA H19 knockdown (H19-KD) on the pathophysiology of TBI and its potential neuroprotective mechanisms.

Lipopeptides from Bacillus velezensis ZLP-101 and their mode of action against bean aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris.

Background: Natural products are important sources for the discovery of new biopesticides to control the worldwide destructive pests Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris. Here, insecticidal substances were discovered and characterized from the secondary metabolites of the bio-control microorganism Bacillus velezensis strain ZLP-101, as informed by whole-genome sequencing and analysis.

Results: The genome was annotated, revealing the presence of four potentially novel gene clusters and eight known secondary metabolite synthetic gene clusters.

Metabolome and Genome Analysis of a Novel Endophytic Fungus Aureobasidium pullulans KB3: Discovery of Polyketones and Polyketone Biosynthesis Pathway.

Endophytic fungi associated with plants may contain undiscovered bioactive compounds. Under standard laboratory conditions, most undiscovered compounds are inactive, whereas their production could be stimulated under different cultivation conditions. In this study, six endophytic fungi were isolated from the bark of Koelreuteria paniculata in Quancheng Park, Jinan City, Shandong Province, one of which was identified as a new subspecies of Aureobasidium pullulans, named A.

The lemon genome and DNA methylome unveil epigenetic regulation of citric acid biosynthesis during fruit development.

Citric acid gives lemons their unique flavor, which impacts their sensory traits and market value. However, the intricate process of citric acid accumulation during lemon fruit growth remains incompletely understood. Here, we achieved a chromosomal-level genome assembly for the 'Xiangshui' lemon variety, spanning 364.

Arresting the bad seed: HDAC3 regulates proliferation of different microglia after ischemic stroke.

The accumulation of self-renewed polarized microglia in the penumbra is a critical neuroinflammatory process after ischemic stroke, leading to secondary demyelination and neuronal loss. Although known to regulate tumor cell proliferation and neuroinflammation, HDAC3's role in microgliosis and microglial polarization remains unclear. We demonstrated that microglial HDAC3 knockout (HDAC3-miKO) ameliorated poststroke long-term functional and histological outcomes.

Identification of potential molecular mechanism related to craniofacial dysmorphism caused by FOXI3 deficiency.

Background: Hemifacial macrosomia (HFM, OMIM 164210) is a complex and highly heterogeneous disease. FORKHEAD BOX I3 (FOXI3) is a susceptibility gene for HFM, and mice with loss of function of Foxi3 did exhibit a phenotype similar to craniofacial dysmorphism. However, the specific pathogenesis of HFM caused by FOXI3 deficiency remains unclear till now.

Recombinant antigen P29 of induces Th1, Tc1, and Th17 cell immune responses in sheep.

is a common human and animal parasitic disease that seriously endangers human health and animal husbandry. Although studies have been conducted on vaccines for , to date, there is no human vaccine available for use. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of in-depth research on basic immunization with vaccines.

Microglial histone deacetylase 2 is dispensable for functional and histological outcomes in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury.

The Class-I histone deacetylases (HDACs) mediate microglial inflammation and neurological dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, whether the individual Class-I HDACs play an indispensable role in TBI pathogenesis remains elusive. HDAC2 has been shown to upregulate pro-inflammatory genes in myeloid cells under brain injuries such as intracerebral hemorrhage, thereby worsening outcomes.

Scaling strategy for cell and gene therapy bioreactors based on turbulent parameters.

So far, power input has been used as the main parameter for bioreactor scale-up/-down in upstream process development and manufacturing. The rationale is that maintaining a consistent power input per unit volume should result in comparable mixing times at different scales. However, shear generated from turbulent flow may compromise the integrity of non-robust cells such as those used during the production of cell and gene therapies, which may lead to low product quality and yield.

ASK1-K716R reduces neuroinflammation and white matter injury via preserving blood-brain barrier integrity after traumatic brain injury.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant worldwide public health concern that necessitates attention. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a key player in various central nervous system (CNS) diseases, has garnered interest for its potential neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke and epilepsy when deleted. Nonetheless, the specific impact of ASK1 on TBI and its underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

HSPB2 facilitates neural regeneration through autophagy for sensorimotor recovery after traumatic brain injury.

Autophagy is a promising target for promoting neural regeneration, which is essential for sensorimotor recovery following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Whether neuronal heat shock protein B2 (HSPB2), a small molecular heat shock protein, reduces injury and promotes recovery following TBI remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that HSPB2 was significantly increased in the neurons of a TBI mouse model, patients, and primary neuron cultures subjected to oxygen/glucose deprivation and reperfusion treatment.

Impact of Echinococcus granulosus Antigens on Monocyte Development and Dendritic Cell Differentiation.

Background: Different subtypes of dendritic cells (DCs) can induce different types of immune responses. Our previous study found that Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) antigens (Eg.

Notch signaling pathway involved in infection regulates dendritic cell development and differentiation.

Introduction: The Notch signaling pathway is involved in the development of many diseases; it regulates the development of dendritic cells (DCs), and affects the immune response of DC-mediated T cells. We previously found that ferritin and malate dehydrogenase (mMDH) in Echinococcus granulosus (E.granulosus) induced different immune responses through sensitized DCs.

Microglia and macrophages in the neuro-glia-vascular unit: From identity to functions.

Although both are myeloid cells located surrounding cerebral vasculature, vessel-associated microglia (VAM) and perivascular macrophages (PVMs) can be distinguished by their distinct morphologies, signatures and microscopic location. As key component of neuro-glia-vascular unit (NGVU), they play prominent roles in neurovasculature development and pathological process of various central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including phagocytosis, angiogenesis, vessel damage/protection and blood flow regulation, therefore serving as potential targets for therapeutics of a broad array of CNS diseases. Herein, we will provide a comprehensive overview of heterogeneity of VAM/PVMs, highlight limitations of current understanding in this field, and discuss possible directions of future investigations.

Adaptive immune responses and cytokine immune profiles in humans following prime and boost vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 CoronaVac vaccine.

Background: Adaptive immune response has been thought to play a key role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The role of B cells, CD4T, and CD8T cells are different in vaccine-induced immune response, thus it is imperative to explore the functions and kinetics of adaptive immune response. We collected blood samples from unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals.

Micromechanics Modeling of Transverse Tensile Strength for Unidirectional CFRP Composite.

Transverse tensile strength of unidirectional (UD) composites plays a key role in overall failure of fiber-reinforced composites. To predict this strength by micromechanics, calculation of actual stress in constituent matrix is essentially required. However, traditional micromechanics models can only give the volume-averaged homogenized stress rather than an actual one for a matrix, which in practice will cause large errors.

Rheological Impact of Particle Size Gradation on GAP Propellant Slurries.

Over the years, widespread interest has been placed on rheological properties to reflect the processability of propellant slurries. Particle gradation technology plays an essential role in the improvement of the processability of propellant slurries. In this article, rheological properties of glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) propellant slurries were measured by dynamic rheological measurements with a rheometer.