Comparison of pathogenicity of porcine deltacoronavirus CZ2020 from cell culture and intestinal contents in 27-day-old piglets.

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emenging swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that can cause high mortality rate. It affects pigs of all ages, but most several in neonatal piglets. Little is known regarding the pathogenicity of PDCoV against 27-day-old piglets.

Comprehensive analysis of codon usage patterns of porcine deltacoronavirus and its host adaptability.

The porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a newly discovered pig enteric coronavirus that can infect cells from various species. In Haiti, PDCoV infections in children with acute undifferentiated febrile fever were recently reported. Considering the great potential of inter-species transmission of PDCoV, we performed a comprehensive analysis of codon usage patterns and host adaptation profiles of 54 representative PDCoV strains with the spike (S) gene.

Evaluation of the transcriptional regulatory efficacy of transcription regulatory sequences of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly contagious enteropathogenic coronavirus causing severe watery diarrhea and high mortality in piglets. In order to investigate the role of the transcription regulatory sequences (TRSs) in regulation of gene expression and replication of PEDV, the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene, under control of different TRSs of PEDV, were inserted between the N gene and 3' UTR of the PEDV genome using a reverse genetic system. The EGFP expression from different chimeric PEDVs was analyzed for each TRS.

Pathogenicity, infective dose and altered gut microbiota in piglets infected with porcine deltacoronavirus.

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that cause severe diarrhea, resulting in high mortality in neonatal piglets. Little is known regarding the pathogenicity of PDCoV in different infective dose and the dynamic changes in the composition of the gut microbiota in PDCoV-induced diarrhea piglets. In this study, 5-day-old piglets were experimentally infected with different dose of PDCoV.

Co-infection analysis of bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens from clinically healthy swine in Eastern China.

Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is one of the most challenging health concerns for pig production worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of pathogens associated with PRDC, including porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and bacterial agents, such as Streptococcus suis, Haemophilus parasuis and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, in clinically healthy pigs in Eastern China. Molecular detection revealed positive single-pathogen detection rates of 59.

In vitro and In vivo Antibacterial Effects of Nisin Against Streptococcus suis.

Nisin is a promising therapeutic candidate because of its potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The present study aimed to describe the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial effects of nisin against Streptococcus suis, an important zoonotic pathogen. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of nisin against different S.

The Redox-Sensing Regulator Rex Contributes to the Virulence and Oxidative Stress Response of Serotype 2.

serotype 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen responsible for septicemia and meningitis. The redox-sensing regulator Rex has been reported to play critical roles in the metabolism regulation, oxidative stress response, and virulence of various pathogens. In this study, we identified and characterized a Rex ortholog in the SS2 virulent strain SS2-1 that is involved in bacterial pathogenicity and stress environment susceptibility.

Complete Genome Sequence of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Virulent Strain SS2-1.

is an important swine pathogen that can also cause severe diseases in humans. Herein, we describe the genome sequence of serotype 2 virulent strain SS2-1, which was isolated from a diseased dead pig amid the 1998 outbreak in Jiangsu Province in China.

Exudative epidermitis of piglets caused by non-toxigenic Staphylococcus sciuri.

Infections with strains of Staphylococcus sciuri are a potential threat to animal and public health, and a cause for considerable concern. We isolated and identified S. sciuri as a pathogen from an acute outbreak of exudative epidermitis in piglets for further genetic identification using experimental infections.

Novel L-lactic acid biosensors based on conducting polypyrrole-block copolymer nanoparticles.

The development of advanced nanomaterials for the highly efficient electrical detection of biological species has attracted great attention. Here, novel polypyrrole-Pluronic F127 nanoparticles (PPy-F127 NPs) with conducting and biocompatibility properties were synthesized and used to construct a L-lactic acid biosensor that could be applied in biochemical assays. The PPy-F127 NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), elemental analysis and UV-vis spectroscopy.

Contribution of eukaryotic-type serine/threonine kinase to stress response and virulence of Streptococcus suis.

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an important swine and human pathogen responsible for septicemia and meningitis. The bacterial homologues of eukaryotic-type serine/threonine kinases (ESTKs) have been reported to play critical roles in various cellular processes. To investigate the role of STK in SS2, an isogenic stk mutant strain (Δstk) and a complemented strain (CΔstk) were constructed.

Characterization and proteome analysis of inosine 5-monophosphate dehydrogenase in epidemic Streptococcus suis serotype 2.

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen that causes severe disease symptoms in pigs and humans. In the present study, we found one isogenic mutant lacking inosine 5-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) ΔZY05719 was attenuated in pigs compared with the wild-type SS2 strain ZY05719. Comparative proteome analysis of the secreted proteins expression profiles between ZY05719 and ΔZY05719 allowed us to identify Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) and glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), which were down expressed in the absence of the IMPDH.

Monoclonal antibodies against Nsp2 protein of the highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) continues to be a serious threat, causing an economically significant impact on the swine industry worldwide. In this study, non-structural protein Nsp2 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by dialysis. An important monoclonal antibody (MAb 2H6) against Nsp2 protein was generated by fusing mouse myeloma cell line SP2/0 with spleen lymphocytes from Nsp2 protein immunized mice.

Development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the detection of porcine hokovirus.

Hokoviruses have recently been detected as pathogens belonging to the family Parvoviridae, which comprises porcine hokovirus (PHoV) and bovine hokovirus (BHoV). In this study, we developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the rapid, specific and sensitive detection of PHoV. A set of four primers specific for six regions within the PHoV VP1/2 genes was designed using online software.

Complete genome sequence of a recombinant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain from eastern china.

A field porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strain, JS2008, was isolated from stool samples of a piglet with acute diarrhea on a vaccinated farm in eastern China. We sequenced and analyzed the complete genome of strain JS2008, which will help increase our understanding of the molecular characteristics of the epidemic PEDV in China.

In vitro and in vivo isolation of a novel rearranged porcine circovirus type 2.

Here, we present the first report of a novel rearranged porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strain named BIV, isolated from both in vitro and in vivo sources. The complete circular genome of BIV is 896 nucleotides in length. The data will help us to update current knowledge of the replication of PCV2 viruses in cell culture and of their molecular evolution, as well as their diagnosis.

A novel porcine circovirus-like agent P1 is associated with wasting syndromes in pigs.

A novel porcine pathogen tentatively named P1, which was obtained from the sera of the pigs exhibiting clinical signs of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) experimentally caused the classical clinic signs and pathologic lesions of the disease in pigs by direct in vivo injection with P1 DNA plasmids. Twenty colostrum-fed (CF) pigs that were free of PCV2 and P1 at 1 month of age were randomly designated equally to two groups. Group 1 pigs were each injected with 400 µg of the cloned P1 plasmid DNA into the superficial inguinal lymph nodes and Group 2 were injected with same amount of the empty pSK vector DNA and served as controls.

In vitro intragenomic rearrangement of porcine circovirus type 2.

We report here for the first time the genome sequence of a rearranged porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strain, CH-IVT1, isolated from PCV2-infected PK-15 cells. The complete circular genome of the CH-IVT1 is 605 nucleotides (nt) in length. The finding will help us to understand the molecular evolution of PCV2 and the relationship between PCV2 and PCV-associated diseases.

Complete genome sequence of the rearranged porcine circovirus type 2.

We first report here the genome sequences of 4 rearranged porcine circovirus type 2 strains, JSTZ, ZJQDH1, ZJQDH2, and JSHM, isolated from porcine sera in China. The complete circular genomes of these isolates are 578, 483, 574, and 772 nucleotides in length, respectively. They are predicted to be defective interfering particles of porcine circovirus type 2.

Complete genome sequence of a highly prevalent porcine circovirus 2 isolated from piglet stool samples in China.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the etiologic agent of porcine circovirus-associated disease. Here, we first report the complete genome sequence of PCV2 strain JSTZ, which was isolated from piglet stool samples and is highly prevalent in China. It will help in understanding the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of PCV2.

Genome sequence of a highly prevalent porcine partetravirus in Mainland China.

Partetravirus is a novel defined genus of animal parvoviruses. Here, we first report the genome sequence of porcine partetravirus strain JSNJ62, which is highly prevalent in mainland China. It will help in understanding the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of the porcine partetravirus.

Complete genome sequence of a novel species of Porcine Bocavirus, PBoV5.

Porcine bocavirus 5 is a novel porcine bocavirus species found in a pig with clinical diarrhea from a farm in China. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of strain PBoV5/JS677, which will help toward understanding the molecular and evolutionary characteristics of the porcine bocavirus.