Multiple insights into differential Cd detoxification mechanisms in new germplasms of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) and potential mitigation strategy.

Long-term cadmium (Cd) exposure inhibits plant growth and development, reduces crop yield and quality, and threatens food security. Exploring the Cd tolerance mechanisms and safe production of crops in Cd-contaminated environment has become a worldwide concern. In this study, mung bean (Vigna radiata L.

The role of PCBP1 in carbon ion-induced ferroptosis and inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma proliferation.

Objective: To investigate the role of PCBP1 in the inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma proliferation by carbon irradiation.

Methods: A549 cells were irradiated with different doses of carbon ions to observe clonal survival and detect changes in cell proliferation. Whole transcriptome sequencing and the Illumina platform were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes in A549 cells after carbon ion irradiation.

Vibronic Coupling and Multiple Electronic States Effect in ABS and ECD Spectra: Three [7]Helicene Derivatives.

Vibronic coupling and multiple electronic states effect play a pivotal role in the molecular spectroscopy of large systems. Herein, we present a detailed theoretical study on the absorption (ABS) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of three [7]helicene derivatives in chloroform, with a particular emphasis on the significance of vibronic coupling and the multiple electronic states effect in spectral simulations. The vertical gradient (VG) and vertical Hessian (VH) models, incorporating the Franck-Condon (FC) effect and Herzberg-Teller (HT) contribution, are considered in the vibronic calculations.

Vibronic Effects Analysis of the Substituent Effect on the Spectral Properties of the EMI and CPL of Three [7]Helicene Derivatives.

The substituent effect has a significant influence on the optical properties of spectral shape, width, and wavelength, and the intensities of the maximum peaks of emission (EMI) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). In this work, we conducted a systematic theoretical study to investigate how substituents alter the optical response in the EMI and CPL spectra of three [7]helicene derivatives at the vibronic level. To incorporate the vibronic effect, a state-of-the-art time-dependent (TD) method was used to achieve the fully converged spectra.

Simplified process for preparing native and depolymerized capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major pathogen of bacterial pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, and otitis media. The pathogenicity of this bacterium is largely attributed to its polysaccharide capsule, a protective layer around bacterial cell that enables bacteria to resist against host defense. Capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) of S.

Unveiling neural activity changes in mild cognitive impairment using microstate analysis and machine learning.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is recognized as a condition that may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Understanding the neural correlates of MCI is crucial for elucidating its pathophysiology and developing effective interventions. Electroencephalogram (EEG) microstates, reflecting brain activity changes, have shown promise in MCI research.

Non-governmental organizations' perceptions of challenges and opportunities for participating in the provision of government-purchased community-based psychiatric rehabilitation services in Shanghai, China: a qualitative study.

Background: In recent years, the Chinese government has increased its support for the development of community-based psychiatric rehabilitation (CBPR) services and initiated pilot programs for government purchasing of CBPR services from non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in order to address the inadequacy of the government's own supply capacity of CBPR services. This study investigated how the NGOs in Shanghai perceived the challenges and opportunities for participating in the provision of government-purchased CBPR services.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was employed in this study.

Corosolic acid and its derivatives targeting MCCC1 against insulin resistance and their hypoglycemic effect on type 2 diabetic mice.

Corosolic acid (CA), a natural triterpenoid, exhibits various biological activities and is often called as plant-derived insulin due to its significant hypoglycemic effects, making it especially beneficial for individuals with diabetes or high blood glucose levels. However, CA has notable in vitro toxicity, low water solubility, and poor pharmacokinetic properties. To address these limitations, a series of CA derivatives were synthesized, resulting in the identification of derivative H26, which demonstrates a significantly enhanced hypoglycemic effect, reduced toxicity, and improved pharmacokinetic characteristics compared to CA.

Development of a peptide-based tumor-activated checkpoint inhibitor for cancer immunotherapy.

Antibody-based checkpoint inhibitors have achieved great success in cancer immunotherapy, but their uncontrollable immune-related adverse events remain a major challenge. In this study, we developed a tumor-activated nanoparticle that is specifically active in tumors but not in normal tissues. We discovered a short anti-PD-L1 peptide that blocks the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction.

Exploring Multivalency in the Development of Anti-PD-L1 Peptides for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Purpose: The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is one of the most effective immune checkpoint pathways utilized for cancer immunotherapy. Despite the success of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mAbs, there is growing interest in developing low molecular weight anti-PD-1/PD-1 agents, such as peptides, because of their improved tumor penetration. We recently developed a small anti-PD-L1 peptide and demonstrated its promising anti-tumor activity.

Protective effects of betaine on the early fatty liver in laying hens through ameliorating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.

Introduction: Fatty liver syndrome (FLS) is a prevalent nutritional and metabolic disease that mainly occurs in caged laying hens, causing substantial losses in the poultry industry. The study was carried out to explore the protective effect and potential mechanism of betaine on early FLS.

Methods: There were three groups: Con group (basal diet), FLS group (Dexamethasone injection + basal diet) and betaine group (Dexamethasone injection + basal diet with 8 g/kg betaine).

The Effect of Blood Lipid Profiles on Chronic Kidney Disease in a Prospective Cohort: Based on a Regression Discontinuity Design.

Objective: Previous studies on the association between lipid profiles and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have yielded inconsistent results and no defined thresholds for blood lipids.

Methods: A prospective cohort study including 32,351 subjects who completed baseline and follow-up surveys over 5 years was conducted. Restricted cubic splines and Cox models were used to examine the association between the lipid profiles and CKD.

Menstrual Blood-Derived Endometrial Stem Cells Ameliorate Ovarian Senescence by Relieving Oxidative Stress-Induced Inflammation.

Senescence is a degenerative process that occurs with ageing, and in the female reproductive system, senescence occurs earlier in the ovaries than in other tissues and organs, which implies a decrease in oocyte quality and exhaustion of the primordial follicular pool, leading to impaired ovarian function and an inability to maintain normal fertility. Unfortunately, the development of curative and effective treatments for ovarian senescence is still a considerable challenge. Currently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapies for treating various refractory diseases, especially ovarian dysfunction, have been extensively studied and confirmed.

Deciphering Mechanisms of Adipocyte Differentiation in Abdominal Fat of Broilers.

The excessive deposition of abdominal fat tissue (AFT) in broilers has emerged as a major concern in the poultry industry. Despite some progress in recent years, the molecular mechanisms underlying AFT development remain ambiguous. The current study combined RNA-seq with transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) to map the dynamic profiling of chromatin accessibility and transcriptional reprogramming in AFT adipocyte differentiation in broilers at day 3 (D3) and D14.

The Impact of Selenium Deficiency and T-2 Toxin on Zip6 Expression in Kashin-Beck Disease.

This study investigated the expression of Zip6, a gene predominantly located in the placenta, breast, and prostate tissues, in patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). Environmental risk factor models for KBD were developed using low selenium (Se) feeding (with a Se content of 0.02 mg Se/kg in the feed) and exposure to T-2 toxin (200 ng/g*BW/D).

Rational Control of Maximum EMI/CPL Intensity and Wavelength of Bora[6]helicene via Polarity and Vibronic Effects.

Solvent polarity control as an efficient methodology to regulate the chiroptical properties, including spectral shape, width, intensity, wavelength, etc., has emerged as a novel frontier in optical materials design. However, the underling relationship connecting polarity to the optical property remains unclear.

Prognostic value of AFP-L3 and Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin in advanced primary liver cancer treated with Sorafenib and transarterial chemoembolization.

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3) and Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) in advanced primary liver cancer (PLC) undergoing combined treatment with Sorafenib and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods: This retrospective analysis included 82 patients with advanced PLC treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University from January 2018 to January 2020. The patients were divided into an observation group (41 cases) and a control group (41 cases) based on their treatment method.

Matrix Viscoelasticity Tunes the Mechanobiological Behavior of Chondrocytes.

In articular cartilage, the pericellular matrix acting as a specialized mechanical microenvironment modulates environmental signals to chondrocytes through mechanotransduction. Matrix viscoelastic alterations during cartilage development and osteoarthritis (OA) degeneration play an important role in regulating chondrocyte fate and cartilage matrix homeostasis. In recent years, scientists are gradually realizing the importance of matrix viscoelasticity in regulating chondrocyte function and phenotype.

Exploring the predictive values of CRP and lymphocytes in coronary artery disease based on a machine learning and Mendelian randomization.

Purpose: To investigate the predictive value of leukocyte subsets and C-reactive protein (CRP) in coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis (MR) on leukocyte subsets, C-reactive protein (CRP) and CAD, incorporating data from 68,624 patients who underwent coronary angiography from 2010 to 2022. After initial screening, clinical data from 46,664 patients were analyzed.

The posttraumatic growth of fathers of preterm infants: protocol for a qualitative study in China.

Background: Prematurity presents a significant life crisis for families, often exceeding their expectations. Fathers of premature infants face the burden of multiple caregiving roles and undergo psychological changes. When confronted with such crises, individuals often engage in self-evaluation and may experience positive transformations.

The impact of intracytoplasmic sperm injection versus conventional in vitro fertilization on the reproductive outcomes of couples with non-male factor infertility and frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.

This study was aimed to investigate the impact of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) on reproductive outcomes in couples with non-male factor infertility and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) treatment. This retrospective cohort study involved a total of 10,143 cycles from 6206 couples who underwent FET at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between January 2016 and September 2022. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the insemination methods of transferred embryos.

Intelligent drugs based on notch protein remodeling: a defensive targeting strategy for tumor therapy.

In the process of tumor treatment, systemic drug administration is hindered by biological barriers, leading to the retention of a large number of drug molecules in healthy tissues and causing unavoidable side effects. The precise deployment of drugs at the tumor site is expected to alleviate this phenomenon. Here, we take endostatin and Her2 (+) tumors as examples and develop an intelligent drug with simple "wisdom" by endowing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with an intelligent response program (iMSC).

Synergistic collaboration between AMPs and non-direct antimicrobial cationic peptides.

Non-direct antimicrobial cationic peptides (NDACPs) are components of the animal innate immune system. But their functions and association with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are incompletely understood. Here, we reveal a synergistic interaction between the AMP AW1 and the NDACP AW2, which are co-expressed in the frog Amolops wuyiensis.