[Association between gene polymorphism and the effects of high-intensity interval training on body composition].

This study aimed to analyze the impact of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of (encoding adenylate cyclase 3) on the outcome of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on body composition and screen genetic markers sensitive to HIIT in Chinese Han youth. A total of 237 non-regular exercise Han college students were recruited in a 12-week HIIT program, attending sessions 3 times a week. Before and after the HIIT program, their body composition was measured.

Dramatic switchable polarities in conduction type and self-driven photocurrent of BiI via pressure engineering.

The intentional manipulation of carrier characteristics serves as a fundamental principle underlying various energy-related and optoelectronic semiconductor technologies. However, achieving switchable and reversible control of the polarity within a single material to design optimized devices remains a significant challenge. Herein, we successfully achieved dramatic reversible p-n switching during the semiconductor‒semiconductor phase transition in BiI via pressure, accompanied by a substantial improvement in their photoelectric properties.

Effects of low-volume court-based sprint interval training on aerobic capacity and sport-specific endurance performance in competitive tennis players.

Sprint interval training (SIT) is a potent exercise strategy to enhance athletes' aerobic capacity in a time-efficient manner. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a low-volume court-based SIT program on aerobic capacity and sport-specific endurance performance for competitive tennis players. Sixteen competitive collegiate tennis players were randomly assigned to the SIT (court-based repeated-sprint training) and traditional endurance training (ET; 45-min continuous treadmill running) groups for a 6-week intervention (3 sessions/week).

A rapid approach based on empirical formulas and graph traversal algorithms to automatic generation of fragrance formulas.

This article proposes a novel approach for improving the efficiency of fragrance designing and the accuracy of automatic fragrance formula creation based on empirical fragrance formulas and graph traversal algorithms. By effectively extracting the composition information and further analyzing the combination of fragrance materials in 210 fragrance formulas, a relational network model was constructed in the form of a graph to illustrate the relationship between the ingredients used in the formulas. Additionally, a fragrance ingredients information database of 344 common ingredients was constructed and used as a reference for perfumers when setting algorithmic constraints based on their experience.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel 3-naphthylthiophene derivatives as potent SIRT2 inhibitors for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis.

SIRT2 (sirtuin2) is a NAD-dependent deacetylase implicated in fibrosis and inflammation of the liver, kidney, and heart. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of 3-naphthylthiophene derivatives and evaluated their inhibitory activity against the SIRT2 enzyme. Among them, Z18 demonstrated outstanding SIRT2 inhibitory activity and selectivity.

Reconstituting the immune killing functions and improving the pharmacokinetics of nanobodies by rhamnolipid conjugation.

Nanobodies (Nbs) hold great promise as next-generation cancer immunotherapies, but their efficacy is hindered by their poor pharmacokinetics and the inability to trigger Fc-mediated immune killing functions. To address these limitations, we designed and synthesized rhamnolipid-modified Nbs as a type of antibody-recruiting molecule by site-specifically conjugating EGFR-targeting Nb 7D12 to a series of rhamnolipid derivatives, and their biological profiles were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Investigation of the structure-activity relationship revealed that the number of rhamnose (Rha) units and the length of the PEG linker in the conjugates affected anti-tumor activities.

Associations Between Sprint Mechanical Properties and Change of Direction Ability and Asymmetries in COD Speed Performance in Basketball and Volleyball Players.

This study aimed to assess the associations between sprint force-velocity profile variables with change of direction (COD) performance and to investigate the impact of these variables on asymmetries in COD speed performance. Ninety-nine participants (volleyball players: n = 44, basketball players: n = 55) performed 40 m sprints for Fv relationship calculation, two COD tests (Modified Agility T-test and 505 test). A partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationships between the variables.

Sodium cromoglycate exerts anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects by targeting the Keap1 protein to activate Nrf2 signaling.

Oxidative stress has been confirmed to be closely related to the occurrence and development of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway plays a key role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Targeting the Keap1 protein to activate Nrf2 could be a promising strategy for treating PF.

Modified lipoprotein-induced sFlt1 production in human placental trophoblasts is mediated by protein kinase C.

Background: Preeclampsia is prevalent in women with diabetes, but the mechanism is unclear. We previously found that oxidized, glycated lipoproteins robustly upregulated soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt1), a key mediator of preeclampsia. Here, we determined the role of protein kinase C (PKC) and its subtypes in sFlt1 regulation in placental trophoblasts, and whether this mechanism might mediate the effect of modified lipoproteins.

Nuclear translocation of SIRT4 mediates deacetylation of U2AF2 to modulate renal fibrosis through alternative splicing-mediated upregulation of CCN2.

TGF-β stimulates CCN2 expression which in turn amplifies TGF-β signaling. This process promotes extracellular matrix production and accelerates the pathological progression of fibrotic diseases. Alternative splicing plays an important role in multiple disease development, while U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 2 (U2AF2) is an essential factor in the early steps of pre-mRNA splicing.

Propylparaben Induces Reproductive Toxicity in Human Extravillous Trophoblast Cells via Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Pathways.

Parabens (PBs), especially propylparaben, commonly used in consumer products, pose environmental and health concerns. This study explored propylparaben's cytotoxicity on HTR-8/SVneo human trophoblast cells, revealing significant dose-dependent cytotoxic effects, particularly post 48-h exposure. Elevated propylparaben levels triggered apoptosis, evidenced by increased Bax and activated Caspase-3, and induced the G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.

In Situ Self-Assembly of Antibody-Rhamnose Complex as a Pre-Targeting Strategy for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.

Enhancing the Fc effector functions of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a proven strategy for improving cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we present a novel pre-targeting approach that integrates host-guest chemistry with an antibody-recruiting concept to create mAbs with superior effector functions. Using rituximab (RTX), a clinically approved anti-CD20 mAb, as our model, we modified RTX by conjugating it with adamantane (Ada) derivatives and various polyethylene glycol (PEG) linkers to produce RTX-Ada conjugates.

Sports-Related Genomic Predictors Are Associated with Athlete Status in Chinese Sprint/Power Athletes.

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between variant loci significantly associated with sports-related traits in the GWAS Catalog database and sprint/power athlete status, as well as to explore the polygenic profile of elite athletes. Next-generation sequencing and microarray technology were used to genotype samples from 211 elite athletes who had achieved success in national or international competitions in power-based sports and from 522 non-athletes, who were healthy university students with no history of professional sports training. Variant loci collected from databases were extracted after imputation.

Ionic Liquid-Modified Copper for the Enhanced Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin/Expanded Graphite Composites.

In this study, diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)/expanded graphite (EG)/copper (Cu) powder composites with high thermal conductivity were prepared for use as thermal interface materials. To construct an excellent thermally conductive network, the Cu surface was modified using the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium dicyanamide. In addition, the effect of the Cu content on the thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flexural properties, impact strength, and morphologies of the DGEBA/EG/Cu composites was investigated.

GPR40/GPR120 Agonist GW9508 Improves Metabolic Syndrome-Exacerbated Periodontitis in Mice.

G protein-coupled receptor (GPR)40 and GPR120 are receptors for medium- and long-chain free fatty acids. It has been well documented that GPR40 and GPR120 activation improves metabolic syndrome (MetS) and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. Since chronic periodontitis is a common oral inflammatory disease initiated by periodontal pathogens and exacerbated by MetS, we determined if GPR40 and GPR120 activation with agonists improves MetS-associated periodontitis in animal models in this study.

CffDNA screening for Niemann-pick disease, type C1: a case series.

Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) screening is a valuable tool in clinical practice for detecting chromosomal abnormalities and autosomal dominant (AD) conditions. This study introduces a novel proof-of-concept assay designed for autosomal recessive (AR) cffDNA screening, focusing on cases involving the NPC1 gene. We aim to illustrate the significant benefits of AR cffDNA screening in managing high-risk pregnancies, specifically where biallelic pathogenic variants in NPC1 cause Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC), a disorder marked by progressive neurodegeneration.

Discovery of novel pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine-3,11-dione (PBD) derivatives as selective HDAC6 inhibitors for the efficient treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in vitro and in vivo.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by a progressive fibrotic phenotype. Immunohistochemical studies on HDAC6 overexpression in IPF lung tissues confirmed that IPF is associated with aberrant HDAC6 activity. We herein developed a series of novel HDAC6 inhibitors that can be used as potential pharmacological tools for IPF treatment.

GSH exhaustion via inhibition of xCT-GSH-GPX4 pathway synergistically enhanced DSF/Cu-induced cuproptosis in myelodysplastic syndromes.

The clinical application of the therapeutic approach in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remains an insurmountable challenge for the high propensity for progressing to acute myeloid leukemia and predominantly affecting elderly individuals. Thus, the discovery of molecular mechanisms underlying the regulatory network of different programmed cell death holds great promise for the identification of therapeutic targets and provides insights into new therapeutic avenues. Herein, we found that disulfiram/copper (DSF/Cu) significantly repressed the cell viability, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, destroyed mitochondrial morphology, and altered oxygen consumption rate.

Flow cytometry-based peripheral blood analysis as an easily friendly tool for prognostic monitoring of acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter study.

Background And Objective: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of mortality, severe neurological and long-term disability world-wide. Blood-based indicators may provide valuable information on identified prognostic factors. However, currently, there is still a lack of peripheral blood indicators for the prognosis of AIS.