Publications by authors named "Yan-ru Wang"
Plateau-Rayleigh instability─a macroscopic phenomenon describing the volume-constant breakup of one-dimensional continuous fluids─has now been widely observed in adatoms, liquids, polymers, and liquid metals. This instability enables controlled wetting-dewetting behavior at fluid-solid interfaces and, thereby, the self-limited patterning into ordered structures. However, it has yet to be observed in conventional inorganic solids, as the rigid lattices restrict their "fluidity".
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- * Current chiral lead bromide-based perovskites struggle with performance in green emissive spin-LEDs, mainly due to limited CISS effects and charge transport capabilities.
- * The study demonstrates that optimizing perovskite structure through dimensional regulation and Sn-doping significantly boosts CISS, hole mobility, and overall device efficiency, achieving an external quantum efficiency of 5.7% in newly developed green emissive spin-LEDs.
Introduction: The electronic and optical properties of β-Ga2O3 have been investigated by CASTEP using first principles. It is found that β-Ga2O3 has an indirect band gap and the conduction band base is located at the Γ point. The stability of β-Ga2O3 is demonstrated by the calculation of elastic constants, and the ductility of β-Ga2O3 is demonstrated by the ratio of Poisson's ratio to shear modulus.
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- A previously unknown prenylated flavonoid and three known flavonoids were isolated from the leaves of a specific plant species.
- The structures of these compounds were established using detailed spectroscopic methods and NMR data comparisons.
- The new compound exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against Lewis Lung cancer cells, while the known compounds showed weaker cytotoxic effects.
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- A pain management system called "Towards a pain-free hospital" was developed over three years, focusing on evidence-based policies and improving inpatient care through standard procedures, education, and a dashboard to track pain status.
- The study surveyed 3,094 inpatients (aged 20+) who were hospitalized for at least 3 days, revealing that pain prevalence decreased from 69.5% in 2018 to 60.1% in 2020.
- The initiative effectively reduced pain rates, especially in surgical patients (decreasing from 81.4% to 68.8%), showing positive outcomes in managing acute and perioperative pain in this Asian context.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the impact of thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) on patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) using data from 2008 to 2019.
- Researchers compared characteristics and outcomes of AIS patients with and without thrombocytopenia through propensity score matching, finding that 12.2% of patients had thrombocytopenia.
- Results showed that while patients with thrombocytopenia were generally older and had higher comorbidity scores, thrombocytopenia wasn't linked to increased in-hospital mortality, indicating it may not be a significant short-term risk factor.
Alkaline fuel cells can permit the adoption of platinum group metal-free (PGM-free) catalysts and cheap bipolar plates, thus further lowering the cost. With the exploration of PGM-free hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) catalysts, nickel-based compounds have been considered as the most promising HOR catalysts in alkali. Here we report an interfacial engineering through the formation of nickel-vanadium oxide (Ni/V O ) heterostructures to activate Ni for efficient HOR catalysis in alkali.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Air Temperature Affects the Hospital Admission for Cardiovascular Diseases among Rural Residents in Dingxi City].
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao
April 2022
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated how air temperature affects hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases among rural residents in Dingxi city, analyzing data from 2018 to 2019 using distributed lag non-linear models.
- - A non-linear, bell-shaped relationship was found between air temperature and hospitalizations, with low temperatures (like -7°C and 0°C) having cumulative lag effects, meaning their impact on hospital admissions could last several days after exposure.
- - Specific results showed significant peak hospitalization rates for ischemic heart disease and heart rhythm disorders at different temperature thresholds, with moderately high temperatures (17°C to 21°C) also leading to increased hospitalizations on the same day.
Article Synopsis
- Understanding atomic migration in catalysts is key for improving their performance in reactions.
- The study outlines a novel method for converting noble-metal nanoparticles into single atom alloys using thermal treatment with hydrogen and argon.
- Findings show that this conversion results from the combination of hydrogen dissociation and the reduction of metal oxide supports, providing insights into catalyst design and nanomaterial formation.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the best initial treatment options for advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC), particularly for patients intolerant to immunotherapy and those experiencing progression after targeted therapies.
- A meta-analysis was conducted, combining data from several randomized controlled trials, focusing on various treatment regimens involving bevacizumab and chemotherapy, while examining their effects on overall survival, progression-free survival, and treatment-related adverse events.
- Results indicated that the regimen including pemetrexed-platinum combined with bevacizumab (PP ± B) improved progression-free survival compared to paclitaxel-carboplatin with bevacizumab (PC + B), although it was associated with higher rates of
Background: The outcomes of immediate autologous breast reconstruction (IABR) after partial mastectomy followed by postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in terms of aesthetics, treatment-related complications, and local control are unclear. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of IABR after partial mastectomy with or without breast RT, and thus the impact of radiation on autologous flap transfer.
Method: A retrospective cohort study involving consecutive breast cancer patients who underwent IABR after partial mastectomy between July 2011 and December 2017 at Shengjing Hospital was performed.
Article Synopsis
- Neoadjuvant EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are being tested for efficacy and safety in patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a pooled analysis of five clinical trials involving 124 patients.
- Results showed a 58.5% objective response rate (ORR), with surgical resection rates at 79.9% and complete resection at 64.3%, indicating promising outcomes for treatment before surgery.
- Despite some adverse events like skin rash and hepatotoxicity, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 13.2 months and overall survival was 41.9 months, though there were no instances of complete pathologic response in the
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess the prevalence of pain among inpatients in Asia, as this issue hasn’t been well explored before.
- A survey involving 1,034 patients revealed that about 70% experienced pain during their hospital stay, with surgery contributing significantly to severe pain levels.
- Findings highlight the importance of ongoing research on pain prevalence to improve pain management strategies, especially related to care practices like mobilization and rehabilitation.*
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers used various methods, including gene manipulation with miR-195 and assays like immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, to evaluate microglial activation and polarization in the hippocampus over an 8-week period.
- * Findings indicated that CCCI leads to a shift in microglial polarization towards the M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype, with increased levels of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1, which are key signaling molecules involved in neuron-microglia communication.
Article Synopsis
- Intrauterine hypoxia (IUH) negatively affects the growth and cognitive development of offspring, with varying impacts based on sex; female rats showed motor and cognitive deficits at 2 months, while male rats experienced more severe effects at 4 months.
- The study assessed the cognitive and motor functions of IUH-affected rats, revealing that IUH did not alter specific protein levels in the brain but increased Tau5 protein in females at 2 months.
- Spermidine (SPD) treatment helped prevent weight loss and reversed cognitive declines in IUH-affected female offspring, suggesting that SPD could mitigate some of the cognitive impairments caused by IUH.
Article Synopsis
- * A case study of a 36-year-old man showed that after initial success with trastuzumab and chemotherapy, he developed resistance and experienced a series of treatments that included apatinib and lapatinib, but these were ultimately ineffective.
- * The patient's condition improved with a combination of capecitabine and pyrotinib, highlighting pyrotinib's potential as a valuable option for salvage therapy in resistant HER2-positive gastric cancer cases.
Article Synopsis
- * A study on beagles with chronic OSA showed that OSA caused significant brain hypoxia and negatively impacted dendrite structure and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels.
- * Metoprolol treatment prevented the negative effects of chronic OSA on dendritic remodeling and spine loss, while also reversing the reduction in BDNF, suggesting it offers neuroprotective benefits against OSA-related brain changes.
Article Synopsis
- TRIM65 is identified as a key regulator in human lung cancer and its role in T-lymphocyte (Jurkat) and B-lymphocyte (Raji) malignancies has been explored, indicating it could be an oncogenic protein in these cells.
- Experiments showed that silencing TRIM65 hampered the growth and survival of Jurkat and Raji cells by promoting apoptosis and halting the cell cycle, likely by inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
- Conversely, overexpressing TRIM65 enhanced cell viability and proliferation, further linking it to increased tumorigenesis; inhibiting the ERK1/2 pathway effectively countered the tumor-promoting effects of TRIM65.
Article Synopsis
- Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) are promising for easy and cheap point-of-care testing (POCT).
- A new technique for making μPADs involves quickly hydrophobizing and hydrophilizing paper using eco-friendly materials, all done in under 7 minutes.
- The μPAD was successfully used to measure glucose in human serum, producing results similar to those from a standard glucometer, indicating its reliability for future applications.
[Mechanism of Tongsaimai tablet for atherosclerosis based on network pharmacology].
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
May 2016
Network pharmacology method was adopted in this study to explore the active compounds and mechanism of Tongsaimai tablets for atherosclerosis. In molecular docking and molecular-target protein network analysis, 97 molecules in Tongsaimai tablets showed good interaction with the atherosclerosis-related target protein (docking score ≥ 7), and 37 molecules of them could act on more than 2 targets (≥ 2) with higher betweenness, suggesting that these 37 molecules might be the main active compounds group in Tongsaimai tablets for atherosclerosis treatment. Furthermore, the predicted active compounds contained more flavonoids and saponins, reminding more attention should be paid on flavonoids and saponins in study of effective compounds and quality standards of Tongsaimai tablets.
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- The study examined the anti-inflammatory and immune-regulating properties of 17 ingredients from Guizhi Fuling capsules against inflammation caused by LPS in RAW264.7 cells.
- Researchers used ELISA and immunofluorescence to measure the levels of inflammatory markers (IL-1β, TNF-α, PGE2) and COX-2 expression.
- Results indicated that 15 of the ingredients demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects and could potentially be effective in treating pelvic infections.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers specifically investigated their potential role in ovarian cancer risk by examining two genetic variants (rs2494938 and rs2285947) in a group of 377 ovarian cancer patients and 1,034 healthy controls.
- They found that the variant rs2285947 at 7p15.3 was significantly associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer, while no such association was found for rs2494938, suggesting a broader role of 7p15.3 in cancer development.
Article Synopsis
- * This study explored optimizing ozonation to detoxify peanuts contaminated with aflatoxins, finding that 6.0 mg/l of ozone for 30 minutes effectively degraded the toxins at a 5% moisture level.
- * The detoxification resulted in a significant reduction of aflatoxins, with no major impact on peanut quality regarding polyphenols and other values, suggesting ozonation is an effective detoxification method.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates how cathepsin L influences the activation of the NF-κB transcription factor and excitotoxicity in rat striatal neurons, particularly when exposed to the NMDA receptor agonist Quinolinic acid (QA).
- Using specific inhibitors of cathepsin L, researchers examined their effects on neuron death and various biochemical changes induced by QA, including the degradation of IκB-α and activation of NF-κB.
- The findings indicate that inhibiting cathepsin L significantly protects striatal neurons from QA-induced damage by preventing NF-κB activation and maintaining the integrity of critical proteins involved in cellular stress responses.