The impact of dexamethasone on short- and long-term mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Dexamethasone has been widely used in treating severe COVID-19 patients due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However, its long-term impact on mortality remain unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of dexamethasone on short-term (28-day) and long-term (1-year) mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and to explore its efficacy across different respiratory support.

An integrated strategy for in-depth profiling of N-acylethanolamines in biological samples by UHPLC-HRMS.

Background: N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) are a class of naturally occurring bioactive lipids that play crucial roles in various physiological processes, particularly exhibiting neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the comprehensive profiling of endogenous NAEs in complex biological matrices is challenging due to their low abundance, structural similarity and the limited availability of commercial standards. Here, we propose an integrated strategy for comprehensive profiling of NAEs that combines chemical derivatization and a three-dimensional (3D) prediction model based on quantitative structure-retention time relationship (QSRR) using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS).

Potential biomarkers for evaluating the BCG vaccination response based on humoral immunity.

Background: The current prophylactic tuberculosis vaccine Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), was derived in the 1920s, but the humoral immune responses induced by BCG vaccination have not been fully elucidated to date. In this study, our aim was to reveal the profiles of antibody responses induced by BCG vaccination in adults and identify the potential biomarkers for evaluating the BCG vaccination response.

Methods: Proteome microarrays were performed to reveal the serum profiles of antibody responses induced by BCG vaccination in adults.

Differential cytokine expression in gastric tissues highlights helicobacter pylori's role in gastritis.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), known for causing gastric inflammation, gastritis and gastric cancer, prompted our study to investigate the differential expression of cytokines in gastric tissues, which is crucial for understanding H. pylori infection and its potential progression to gastric cancer.

Effects of pelvic floor myofascial manipulation intervention on primiparas and neonates during the second stage of vaginal delivery.

A prolonged second stage of vaginal delivery increases the risk of shoulder dystocia, unnecessary episiotomies and cesarean sections. However, no standardized method has been proposed to tackle this issue. The effects of pelvic floor myofascial manipulation intervention during the second stage of labor in primiparas and its prognostic value in neonatal postpartum outcomes remain unknown.

NRTPredictor: identifying rice root cell state in single-cell RNA-seq via ensemble learning.

Background: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) measurements of gene expression show great promise for studying the cellular heterogeneity of rice roots. How precisely annotating cell identity is a major unresolved problem in plant scRNA-seq analysis due to the inherent high dimensionality and sparsity.

Results: To address this challenge, we present NRTPredictor, an ensemble-learning system, to predict rice root cell stage and mine biomarkers through complete model interpretability.

Neuronal Correlates of Task Irrelevant Distractions Enhance the Detection of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children, but medical diagnosis is usually delayed. Hence, it is important to increase the efficiency of early diagnosis. Previous studies used behavioral and neuronal data during GO/NOGO task to help detect ADHD and the accuracy differed considerably from 53% to 92%, depending on the employed methods and the number of electroencephalogram (EEG) channels.

[Visual analysis of research on traditional Chinese medicine treatment of Alzheimer's disease in recent ten years].

This study employed bibliometrics tools to review the studies of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD) in recent ten years, aiming to explore the research status, hotspots, and future trends in this field at home and abroad. The relevant literature published from January 1, 2012 to August 15, 2022 was retrieved from Web of Science and CNKI. CiteSpace 6.

Pelvic floor myofascial manipulation combined with Kegel exercise and mecobalamin in the treatment of atypical diabetic neurogenic bladder: a case report.

Background: Diabetic neurogenic bladder (DNB) is one of the autonomic neuropathies of diabetes mellitus (DM), with an incidence rate reaching 40-60%. This study combined bladder function rehabilitation training and mecobalamin to treat a patient with DNB to provide reference for clinical work.

Case Description: A 67-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital on 5 December 2018, with a 3-year history of dysuria that had progressively worsened for 15 days.

Association of Blood Glucose Variability with Sepsis-Related Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Morbidity and Mortality.

Purpose: Sepsis-related disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is closely associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. Higher blood glucose (BG) variability indicates an increased risk of mortality in sepsis; however, its relationship with sepsis-related DIC has not been investigated. This study aimed to determine the association between glucose variability and sepsis-related DIC.

Intermittent fasting attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by modulating macrophage polarization.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a spectrum of acute and life-threatening pulmonary inflammatory conditions. Treatment of ALI remains a clinical challenge. Recently, intermittent fasting (IF) has been shown to improve health and alleviate many diseases.

Accurate quantification of endogenous N-acylethanolamides by chemical isotope labeling coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

N-acylethanolamides (NAEs) are a class of naturally occurring lipid molecules with pleiotropic activities ranging from energy homeostasis to analgesic functioning. However, the comprehensive quantitation of endogenous NAEs is challenged by the sub-trace level (nM) in complex biological samples and the limited availability of stable isotope labeled internal standards (SIL-IS). Herein, a sensitive method was developed to accurately determine 20 NAEs in biological samples by chemical isotope labeling strategy coupled with liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Related to Leprosy Risk and Clinical Phenotypes Among Chinese Population.

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified some immune-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to be associated with leprosy.

Methods: This study investigated the association of 17 SNPs based on previously published GWAS studies with susceptibility to leprosy, different polar forms and immune states of leprosy in a case-control study from southwestern China, including 1344 leprosy patients and 2732 household contacts (HHCs) (1908 relatives and 824 genetically unrelated contact individuals). The differences of allele distributions were analyzed using chi-squared analysis and logistic regression.

Predictive nomogram for leprosy using genetic and epidemiological risk factors in Southwestern China: Case-control and prospective analyses.

Background: There is a high incidence of leprosy among house-contacts compared with the general population. We aimed to establish a predictive model using these genetic factors along with epidemiological factors to predict leprosy risk of leprosy household contacts (HHCs).

Methods: Weighted genetic risk score (wGRS) encompassing genome wide association studies (GWAS) variants and five non-genetic factors were examined in a case-control design associated with leprosy risk including 589 cases and 647 controls from leprosy HHCs.

HMGB1 suppress the expression of IL-35 by regulating Naïve CD4+ T cell differentiation and aggravating Caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis in acute lung injury.

Objectives: Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a severe form of inflammatory lung disease. Its development and progression are regulated by cytokines. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of HMGB1 involved in the regulation of Treg cells and IL-35.

p47 deficiency improves cognitive impairment and attenuates tau hyperphosphorylation in mouse models of AD.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment. The aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein are two major pathological features of AD. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase, NOX) has been indicated in Aβ pathology; however, whether and how it affects tau pathology are not yet clear.

Testosterone ameliorates vascular aging via the Gas6/Axl signaling pathway.

Low serum testosterone level is associated with aging-related vascular stiffness, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. The Growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) /Axl pathway has been proved to play important roles in cell senescence. In this study, we intend to explore whether Gas6/Axl is involved in the effect of testosterone on vascular aging amelioration.

Progranulin Improves Acute Lung Injury through Regulating the Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells and Interleukin-10 Immunomodulation to Promote Macrophage Polarization.

Progranulin (PGRN), which plays an anti-inflammatory role in acute lung injury (ALI), is promising as a potential drug. Studies have shown that regulatory T cells (Tregs) and interleukin- (IL-) 10 can repress inflammation and alleviate tissue damage during ALI. In this study, we built a lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced ALI mouse model to illustrate the effect of PGRN on regulation of Treg differentiation and modulation of IL-10 promoting macrophage polarization.

Curcumin Promotes the Expression of IL-35 by Regulating Regulatory T Cell Differentiation and Restrains Uncontrolled Inflammation and Lung Injury in Mice.

Interleukin (IL)-35, which has an anti-inflammatory role in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)/acute lung injury (ALI), is relatively promising as a drug target. Studies have shown that curcumin may play a therapeutic role in ALI and enhance the suppressive function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). To illustrate the effect of curcumin on the regulation of Treg cell differentiation and expression of IL-35, we built a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced acute lung injury mouse mode with curcumin pretreatment.

MicroRNA-23 suppresses osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by targeting the MEF2C-mediated MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: The present study aimed to determine the role and mechanism of miR-23 with respect to regulating the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs).

Materials: The expression of miR-23 and MEF2C was measured in osteoporosis (OP) patients and healthy controls by a quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The correlation between miR-23 and MEF2C was determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient.

High plasma levels of pro-inflammatory factors interleukin-17 and interleukin-23 are associated with poor outcome of cardiac-arrest patients: a single center experience.

Background: Systemic inflammation is an important feature of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). This study was designed to determine whether the plasma concentrations of some circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-17 [IL-8], IL-22, IL-23 and IL-33) are of value in predicting the outcome of patients after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during the post-cardiac arrest period.

Methods: This was a prospective observational clinical study.

Plasma Adipokines in Patients Resuscitated from Cardiac Arrest: Difference of Visfatin between Survivors and Nonsurvivors.

Background: Adipokines are a group of cytokines or peptides secreted by adipose tissue to exert numerous biological functions. In the present study, we measured the plasma levels of four adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), and visfatin) in cardiac arrest patients following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).

Methods: Totally, 21 patients who experienced cardiac arrest and successful ROSC with expected survival of at least 48 hours (from January 2016 to December 2017) were consecutively enrolled into this prospective observational clinical study.

Curcumin regulates the differentiation of naïve CD4+T cells and activates IL-10 immune modulation against acute lung injury in mice.

Objectives: Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is one type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. Curcumin has been reported to be an anti-inflammatory factor through enhancing the function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). This study aimed to explore the effect of curcumin on the differentiation of Tregs and the role of curcumin in ALI/ARDS.