Non-cytotoxic levels of resveratrol enhance the anticancer effects of cisplatin by increasing the methyltransferase activity of CARM1 in human cancer cells.

Background: Resveratrol (RSVL) is a plant-derived polyhydroxyphenolic compound with excellent anticancer properties, alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs. However, the anticancer mechanism of RSVL is diverse and high concentrations are often required for RSVL to exert its anticancer effect, which would also adversely affect normal cells.

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism of how non-cytotoxic concentrations of RSVL enhance the anticancer effect of cisplatin involving a newly identified RSVL-binding protein.

The regulation of microRNAs on chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer: a recent update.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has negative expressions of ER, PR and HER2. Due to the insensitivity to both endocrine therapy and HER2-targeted therapy, the main treatment method for TNBC is cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, the curative effect of chemotherapy is limited because of the existence of acquired or intrinsic multidrug resistance.

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 15 Is a New Predictive Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target for Ovarian Cancer.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 15 (MAPK15) has been reported to be associated with several cancers. This study aimed to explore for the first time on the relationship between MAPK15 expression and cancer progression/drug responsiveness in ovarian carcinoma. To this end, MAPK15 expression level was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of an ovarian tissue array (10 normal and 70 malignant samples).

Targeted epigenetic silencing of UCHL1 expression suppresses collagen-1 production in human lung epithelial cells.

Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is highly expressed in smokers, but little is known about the molecular mechanism of UCHL1 in airway epithelium and its possible role in affecting extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling in the underlying submucosa. Since cigarette smoking is a major cause of lung diseases, we studied its effect on UCHL1 expression and DNA methylation patterns in human bronchial epithelial cells, obtained after laser capture micro-dissection (LCM) or isolated from residual tracheal/main stem bronchial tissue. Targeted regulation of UCHL1 expression CRISPR/dCas9 based-epigenetic editing was used to explore the function of UCHL1 in lung epithelium.

Proteogenomics in Cancer: Then and Now.

For years, the paths of sequencing technologies and mass spectrometry have occurred in isolation, with each developing its own unique culture and expertise. These two technologies are crucial for inspecting complementary aspects of the molecular phenotype across the central dogma. Integrative multiomics strives to bridge the analysis gap among different fields to complete more comprehensive mechanisms of life events and diseases.

Epigenetic effects of herbal medicine.

Epigenetic memory is essential for life that governs the predefined functional features of cells. Recent evidence has indicated that the epigenetic modification provides a potential link to gene expression changes that may be involved in the development of various chronic diseases, and targeting the epigenome becomes a plausible method for treating diseases. Traditional herbal medicine has gradually entered the vision of researchers due to its low toxicity and its effectiveness in treating diseases.

Comparison of Human Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factors 5A1 and 5AL1: Identification of Amino Acid Residues Important for EIF5A1 Lysine 50 Hypusination and Its Protein Stability.

The human eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (EIF5A) family consists of three members, namely EIF5A1, EIF5A2, and EIF5AL1. Recent studies have shown that the expression of EIF5As is related to many human diseases, such as diabetes, viral infection, central nervous system injury, and cancer. Among them, EIF5A1 plays different functions in various cancers, possibly as a tumor-suppressor or oncogene, while EIF5A2 promotes the occurrence and development of cancer.

The Atypical MAP Kinase MAPK15 Is Required for Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastasis via Its Interaction with NF-κB p50 Subunit and Transcriptional Regulation of Prostaglandin E2 Receptor EP3 Subtype.

Studying the relatively underexplored atypical MAP Kinase MAPK15 on cancer progression/patient outcomes and its potential transcriptional regulation of downstream genes would be highly valuable for the diagnosis, prognosis, and potential oncotherapy of malignant tumors such as lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Here, the expression of MAPK15 in LUAD was detected by immunohistochemistry and its correlation with clinical parameters such as lymph node metastasis and clinical stage was analyzed. The correlation between the prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype (EP3) and MAPK15 expression in LUAD tissues was examined, and the transcriptional regulation of EP3 and cell migration by MAPK15 in LUAD cell lines were studied using the luciferase reporter assay, immunoblot analysis, qRT-PCR, and transwell assay.

The Epigenetic Effects of Coffee.

In this review, we discuss the recent knowledge regarding the epigenetic effects of coffee extract and the three essential active ingredients in coffee (caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid). As a popular beverage, coffee has many active ingredients which have a variety of biological functions such as insulin sensitization, improvement of sugar metabolism, antidiabetic properties, and liver protection. However, recent researches have shown that coffee is not only beneficial for human, but also bad, which may be due to its complex components.

Effects of CYP3A43 Expression on Cell Proliferation and Migration of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Its Clinical Significance.

The cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) include key oxidative enzymes involved in the metabolism of various carcinogens and anticancer drugs. Bioinformatic studies have demonstrated the association of CYP3A43 with liver cancer and ovarian cancer. However, the biological function of CYP3A43 in tumor progression remains unclear.

Transcriptional upregulation of MAPK15 by NF-κB signaling boosts the efficacy of combination therapy with cisplatin and TNF-α.

The efficacy of cisplatin in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer is limited mainly because of insensitivity and/or acquired resistance. MAPK15, previously shown by us to enhance the sensitivity of the anti-cancer drug arsenic trioxide, could also enhance the sensitivity of other anti-cancer drugs. Here, we explore the potential role of MAPK15 in chemosensitivity to cisplatin in human lung cancer cells.

Metabolic effects of long-term cadmium exposure: an overview.

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic non-essential heavy metal. Chronic low Cd exposure (CLCE) has been associated with distinct pathologies in many organ systems, including liver and kidney damage, osteoporosis, carcinogenicity, or reproductive toxicity. Currently, about 10% of the global population is at risk of CLCE.

Single-gene knockout-coupled omics analysis identifies C9orf85 and CXorf38 as two uncharacterized human proteins associated with ZIP8 malfunction.

Human transmembrane protein metal cation symporter ZIP8 (SLC39A8) is a member of the solute carrier gene family responsible for intracellular transportation of essential micronutrients, including manganese, selenium, and zinc. Previously, we established a ZIP8-knockout (KO) human cell model using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and explored how the expression of ZIP8 could possibly contribute to a wide range of human diseases. To further assess the biophysiological role of ZIP8, in the current study, we employed isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) and detected the changes of the proteome in ZIP8-KO cells (proteomic data are available ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD036680).

Sagacious confucius' pillow elixir ameliorates Dgalactose induced cognitive injury in mice estrogenic effects and synaptic plasticity.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing concern in modern society, and there is currently a lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Sagacious Confucius' Pillow Elixir (SCPE) has been studied for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. This study aimed to reveal the key components and mechanisms of SCPE's anti-AD effect by combining Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography-electrostatic field Orbitrap combined high-resolution Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap-MS) with a network pharmacology approach.

Toxic metals in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity: demons or angels?

Epithelial cells can trans-differentiate into motile mesenchymal cells through a dynamic process known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is crucial in embryonic development and wound healing but also contributes to human diseases such as organ fibrosis and cancer progression. Heavy metals are environmental pollutants that can affect human health in various ways, including causing cancers.

Cytochrome P450 27C1 Level Dictates Lung Cancer Tumorigenicity and Sensitivity towards Multiple Anticancer Agents and Its Potential Interplay with the IGF-1R/Akt/p53 Signaling Pathway.

Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450s) exert mighty catalytic actions in cellular metabolism and detoxication, which play pivotal roles in cell fate determination. Preliminary data shows differential expression levels of CYP27C1, one of the "orphan P450s" in human lung cancer cell lines. Here, we study the functions of CYP27C1 in lung cancer progression and drug endurance, and explore its potential to be a diagnostic and therapeutic target for lung cancer management.

Nanoparticles: Excellent Materials Yet Dangerous When They Become Airborne.

Since the rise and rapid development of nanoscale science and technology in the late 1980s, nanomaterials have been widely used in many areas including medicine, electronic products, crafts, textiles, and cosmetics, which have provided a lot of convenience to people's life. However, while nanomaterials have been fully utilized, their negative effects, also known as nano pollution, have become increasingly apparent. The adverse effects of nanomaterials on the environment and organisms are mainly based on the unique size and physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (NPs).

ACC2 is under-expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and predicts poor clinical outcomes.

Purpose: Acetyl-CoA Carboxylases (ACCs) are key fatty acid metabolic enzymes responsible for catalyzing the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA. The role of ACC1 has been associated with tumor biology, but the role of ACC2 in cancer remains largely uncharacterized.

Methods: We conducted a transcriptomic analysis using GEPIA and Oncomine to study the expression of ACC2 in different cancers.

Anti-Cancer and Medicinal Potentials of Moringa Isothiocyanate.

(), which belongs to the Moringaceae family, is a common herb, rich in plant compounds. It has a variety of bioactive compounds that can act as antioxidants, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agents, etc., which can be obtained in different body parts of .

The Impact of ZIP8 Disease-Associated Variants G38R, C113S, G204C, and S335T on Selenium and Cadmium Accumulations: The First Characterization.

The metal cation symporter ZIP8 (SLC39A8) is a transmembrane protein that imports the essential micronutrients iron, manganese, and zinc, as well as heavy toxic metal cadmium (Cd). It has been recently suggested that selenium (Se), another essential micronutrient that has long been known for its role in human health and cancer risk, may also be transported by the ZIP8 protein. Several mutations in the ZIP8 gene are associated with the aberrant ion homeostasis of cells and can lead to human diseases.