Spousal Synchrony in Allostatic Load Among Older Couples in the Health and Retirement Study.

Objective: Using national data from the Health and Retirement Study, this study examined interpartner associations of allostatic load (AL) among 2338 different-sex couples ( N = 4676 individuals) over a 4-year period among older American couples from a dyadic approach.

Methods: AL was indexed by immune (C-reactive protein), metabolic (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and glycosylated hemoglobin), renal (cystatin C), cardiovascular (systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse rate), and anthropometric (waist and body mass index) parameters using the traditional count-based formulation. Actor-partner interdependence models were used to assess interpartner concordance in AL.

Disparities by Race/Ethnicity and Immigration Status in Perceived Importance of and Access to Culturally Competent Health Care in the United States.

While cultural competence has been proposed as an important framework for enhancing health care equity, how members of different racial/ethnic groups consider the importance of cultural competence and their access to culturally competent health care are insufficiently understood. Despite continuously increasing immigrants into the US, it is unclear how immigration status intersects with race/ethnicity to shape individuals' perception of and access to culturally competent care in the US health care system. To fill this research gap, this study examined how the intersection of race/ethnicity and immigration status is associated with people's perception of and access to culturally competent health care and among immigrants, whether their length of stay matters, using data from the 2017 National Health Interview Survey.

Current Marital Status and Epigenetic Clocks Among Older Adults in the United States: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study.

This study examines how current marital status is associated with epigenetic aging. Data from the 2016 Health and Retirement Study were used to examine marital status differences in the four epigenetic clocks, that is, , , , and ( = 3765). Weighted ordinary least square regression models were estimated separately for men and women.

Marital Quality and Salivary Telomere Length Among Older Men and Women in the United States.

The link between marital quality and cellular aging remains underexplored. This study examined how both positive and negative marital quality were associated with salivary telomere length among partnered adults in the United States over the age of 50°years. Data were from the 2008 Health and Retirement Study ( = 3203).

Comparing multiple statistical software for multiple-indicator, multiple-cause modeling: an application of gender disparity in adult cognitive functioning using MIDUS II dataset.

Background: The multiple-indicator, multiple-cause model (MIMIC) incorporates covariates of interest in the factor analysis. It is a special case of structural equation modeling (SEM), which is modeled under latent variable framework. The MIMIC model provides rigorous results and becomes broadly available in multiple statistical software.

Novel information processing at work across time is associated with cognitive change in later life: A 14-year longitudinal study.

This study examined whether the degree of novel information processing at work (NPW) attenuates cognitive aging across 14 years for adults 50+ in the United States and how NPW links with job complexity. To answer these questions, we used data (N = 4,252) from the Health and Retirement Study. Detailed information on occupational characteristics from O*Net between 2000 and 2014 was used to assess NPW and matched with participants' occupational codes across time.

[Fat emulsion tolerance in preterm infants of different gestational ages in the early stage after birth].

Objective: To investigate the fat emulsion tolerance in preterm infants of different gestational ages in the early stage after birth.

Methods: A total of 98 preterm infants were enrolled and divided into extremely preterm infant group (n=17), early preterm infant group (n=48), and moderate-to-late preterm infant group (n=33). According to the dose of fat emulsion, they were further divided into low- and high-dose subgroups.

Life Course Pathways to Racial Disparities in Cognitive Impairment among Older Americans.

Blacks are especially hard hit by cognitive impairment at older ages compared to whites. Here, we take advantage of the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2010) to assess how this racial divide in cognitive impairment is associated with the racial stratification of life course exposures and resources over a 12-year period among 8,946 non-Hispanic whites and blacks ages 65 and older in 1998. We find that blacks suffer from a higher risk of moderate/severe cognitive impairment at baseline and during the follow-up.

Fertility Decline and the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Taiwan.

The impact of the 1918 influenza pandemic on human fertility has been subject to significant scholarly debate. The current study characterizes the inter-temporal association between excess deaths during the pandemic and the subsequent birth deficit by identifying the length of time between these two phenomena using cross-correlations of monthly death and birth data from Taiwan from 1906 to 1943. The analysis demonstrates a strong and negative correlation between deaths (d) at time t and births (b) at time t + 9 (r(db)(9) = -0.

Finely dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes for polysaccharide hydrogels.

Here we demonstrate a polysaccharide hydrogel reinforced with finely dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) using biocompatible dispersants O-carboxymethylchitosan (OC) and chondroitin sulfate A (CS-A) as a structural support. Both of the dispersants can disperse SWNTs in aqueous solutions and hydrogel matrix as individual tubes or small bundles. Additionally, we have found that compressive modulus and strain of the hydrogels reinforced with SWNTs were enhanced as much as two times by the addition of a few weight percent of SWNTs.

Use of a chondroitin sulfate isomer as an effective and removable dispersant of single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Three isomers of chondroitin sulfate (CS), i.e., CS-A, CS-B, and CS-C, are investigated as nanotube dispersants and are found to have vastly different abilities to disperse single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in water due to their different intramolecular interactions.

Enrichment of (8,4) single-walled carbon nanotubes through coextraction with heparin.

Heparin sodium salt is investigated as a dispersant for dispersing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectroscopy is used for identification and abundance estimation of the chiral species. It is found that heparin sodium salt preferentially disperses larger-diameter Hipco SWNTs.

[Effect of the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 on hyperoxic lung injury and its mechanism in rats].

Objective: To observe the effects of proteasome inhibitor MG-132 on hyperoxic lung injury in rats and explore the mechanism.

Methods: Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely the normoxic group, hyperoxic group, and hyperoxic with MG-132 treatment group, and rat models of hyperoxic exposure-induced lung injury were established in the latter two groups. After pathological grading of the lung injury under optical microscope and determination of the wet/dry weight ratio of the lung tissue, the expressions of ubiquitin protein and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) p56 and the activity of proteasome 20S and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were detected.